About EDGAR Online | Login
 
Enter your Email for a Free Trial:
The following is an excerpt from a S-1 SEC Filing, filed by WARNER CHILCOTT HOLDINGS CO LTD on 6/9/2006.
Next Section Next Section Previous Section Previous Section
WARNER CHILCOTT PLC - S-1 - 20060609 - COMPETITION

Competition

 

The pharmaceutical industry is highly competitive. Our branded products compete with brands marketed by other pharmaceutical companies including large, fully integrated concerns with financial, marketing, legal and product development resources substantially greater than ours.

 

Our principal competitors are in the United States and include:

 

  Ÿ   Hormonal Contraceptives—Johnson & Johnson (Ortho Tri-Cyclen ® Lo, Ortho Evra ® ), Schering A.G./Berlex Laboratories, Inc. (Yasmin ® , Yaz ® ), Akzo Nobel N.V./Organon (Nuvaring ® ) and Barr Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Seasonale ® );

 

  Ÿ   Hormone Therapy—Wyeth (Premarin ® , Premarin ® Vaginal Cream, Prempro™, Premphase ® ), Pfizer, Inc. (Estring ® ), Schering A.G./Berlex Laboratories, Inc. (Climara ® , Menostar ® ) and Barr Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Cenestin ® );

 

  Ÿ   Doryx—Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation (Dynacin ® ) and Bradley Pharmaceutical (Adoxa ® ); and

 

  Ÿ   Psoriasis—Galderma Laboratories, L.P. (Clobex ® ), Connetics Corporation (Olux ® foam, Luxíq ® foam), Allergan, Inc. (Tazorac ® ).

 

Our branded pharmaceutical products are or may become subject to competition from generic equivalents. Ovcon, Estrace Tablets and Estrace Cream are currently not protected by patents. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—If generic products that compete with any of our branded pharmaceutical products are approved, sales of our products may be adversely affected.” Generic equivalents for some of our branded pharmaceutical products are sold by other pharmaceutical companies at lower prices. As a result, drug retailers have economic incentives to fill prescriptions for branded products with generic equivalents when available. After the introduction of a generic competitor, a significant percentage of the prescriptions written for the branded product may be filled with the generic version at the pharmacy, resulting in a commensurate loss in sales of the branded product.

 

Potential generic entrants may also challenge our patents. Under an agreement to settle patent claims against Barr relating to our Estrostep oral contraceptive and our femhrt hormone therapy product, we granted Barr a non-exclusive license to launch generic versions of Estrostep and femhrt six months prior to patent expiration in 2008 and 2010, respectively. We cannot predict what effect, if any, this will have on our results of operations. In addition, legislation enacted in the United States allows or, in a few instances, in the absence of specific instructions from the prescribing physician, mandates the use of generic products rather than brand name products where a generic equivalent is available. The availability of generic equivalent products may cause a material decrease in revenue from our branded pharmaceutical products.

 

The pharmaceutical industry is characterized by rapid product development and technological change. Our pharmaceutical products could be rendered obsolete or made uneconomical by the development of new pharmaceutical products to treat the conditions addressed by our products, technological advances affecting the cost of production, or marketing or pricing actions by one or more of our competitors. Our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected by any one or more of these developments. Our competitors may also be able to complete the regulatory process for new products before we are able to do so and, therefore, may begin to market their products in advance of our products. We believe that competition among both branded and generic pharmaceuticals in the markets in which we compete will continue to be based on, among other things, product efficacy, safety, reliability, availability, promotional sampling and price.

 

83


Table of Contents

Manufacturing, Supply and Raw Materials

 

In May 2004, we purchased an approximately 194,000 sq. ft. pharmaceutical manufacturing facility located in Fajardo, Puerto Rico from Pfizer. Adjacent to the facility is an approximately 24,000 sq. ft. warehouse and 102,000 sq. ft. parking lot, both of which we lease from third parties. The Fajardo facility currently manufactures our Estrostep, Ovcon 50 and Loestrin 24 Fe oral contraceptives and packages femhrt, Ovcon 35, delayed-release Doryx tablets and Dovonex and Taclonex samples. We are in the process of qualifying the facility to manufacture Ovcon 35 Chewable. We are also in the process of transferring Femtrace packaging to the Fajardo facility. Our intention is that the Fajardo facility will become our primary site for the manufacture and packaging of our oral dose products. However, until we qualify the Fajardo facility to manufacture more of our oral dose products, we will be dependent on third parties for the manufacturing, and therefore, supply of many of our products. We will continue to rely on our licensors for supply of Doryx, Dovonex and Taclonex. We conduct quality assurance audits of our manufacturing and other property sites and the related records and our contract manufacturers’ sites and records to confirm compliance with the relevant regulatory requirements. We also utilize our facility in Larne, Northern Ireland to manufacture our vaginal rings.

 

The following table lists the contract manufacturers for certain of our products:

 

Product


  

Third-Party Manufacturer


  

Expiration


Doryx

   FH Faulding & Co Limited    December 2009, renewable thereafter by mutual agreement

Estrace Cream

   Contract Pharmaceuticals Limited    February 2010

femhrt

   Barr    September 2007

Femtrace

   Pharmaceutics International, Inc.    June 2010

Ovcon 35

   Barr    May 2009

Dovonex

   LEO Pharma    January 2020

Taclonex

   LEO Pharma    January 2020

 

The products listed above accounted for a significant percentage of our product sales in the quarter ended March 31, 2006. If a supplier suffers an event that causes it to be unable to manufacture our product requirements for an extended period, the resulting shortages of inventory could have a material adverse effect on our business. See “Concentration of Credit Risk, Reliance on Significant Suppliers and Reliance on Major Products” in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for information concerning supplier concentration. Also see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—Delays in production could have a material adverse impact on our business.”

 

Patents, Proprietary Rights and Trademarks

 

Protecting our intellectual property, such as trademarks and patents, is a key part of our strategy.

 

Patents, Trade Secrets and Proprietary Knowledge

 

We rely on patents, trade secrets and proprietary knowledge to protect our products. We take steps to enforce our legal rights against third parties when we believe that our intellectual property or other proprietary rights have been infringed. For example, we pursued a legal action against Teva Pharmaceuticals for infringement of our patent on Sarafem. We received a favorable judgment in that action which has been affirmed on appeal. In addition, we filed a complaint against Berlex Inc. and Schering A.G. in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey alleging that Berlex and Schering are willfully infringing the patent covering our Loestrin 24 Fe oral contraceptive in connection with the marketing and sale of Yaz ® . See “—Legal Proceedings” and Note 13 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 included elsewhere in this

 

84


Table of Contents

prospectus for a description of our litigation. We also seek to protect our proprietary rights by filing applications for patents on certain inventions, and entering into confidentiality, non-disclosure and assignment of invention agreements with our employees, consultants, licensees and other companies. However, we do not ultimately control whether we will be successful in enforcing our legal rights against third party infringers, whether our patent applications will result in issued patents, whether our confidentiality, non-disclosure and assignment of invention agreements will not be breached and whether we will have adequate remedies for any such breach, or that our trade secrets will not otherwise become known by competitors. In addition, some of our key products are not protected by patents and proprietary rights and therefore are or may become subject to competition from generic equivalents. For a further discussion of our competition, see “—Competition” and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business—If generic products that compete with any of our branded pharmaceutical products are approved, sales of our products may be adversely affected.”

 

Trademarks

 

Due to our branded product focus, we consider our trademarks to be valuable assets. Therefore, we actively manage our trademark portfolio, maintain long-standing trademarks and obtain trademark registrations for new brands in all jurisdictions in which we operate. The names indicated below are certain of our key registered trademarks, some of which may not be registered in all relevant jurisdictions:

 

Doryx

   Femtrace

Estrace

   Loestrin

Estrostep

   Ovcon

femhrt

   Sarafem

Femring

   Warner Chilcott

 

We also police our trademark portfolio against infringement. However, our efforts may be unsuccessful against competitors or other violating entities and we may not have adequate remedies for any breach because, for example, a violating company may be insolvent.

 

As of September 14, 2005 and January 1, 2006, we became the exclusive licensee of the trademark for Taclonex and Dovonex, respectively, in the United States.

 

Government Regulation

 

The pharmaceutical industry is subject to regulation by regional, national, state and local agencies, including the FDA, the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Department of Justice, the Federal Trade Commission, the Office of Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency, as well as by governmental authorities in those foreign countries in which we distribute some of our products. The FDCA, the Public Health Service Act and other federal and state statutes and regulations govern to varying degrees the research, development and manufacturing of, and commercial activities relating to, prescription pharmaceutical products, including pre-clinical and clinical testing, approval, production, labeling, sale, distribution, import, export, post-market surveillance, advertising, dissemination of information and promotion. The manufacture and disposal of pharmaceutical products in the United States is also regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency.

 

The process of testing, data analysis, manufacturing development and regulatory review necessary to obtain and maintain required governmental approvals is costly. Non-compliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements can result in civil and criminal fines, recall of products, the total or partial suspension of manufacture and/or distribution, seizure of products, injunctions,

 

85


Table of Contents

whistleblower lawsuits, failure to obtain approval of pending product applications, withdrawal of existing product approvals, exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs and other sanctions. Any threatened or actual government enforcement action can also generate adverse publicity and require that we devote substantial resources that could otherwise be used productively on other aspects of our business.

 

FDA Approval Requirements

 

FDA approval is required before a prescription drug can be marketed, except for a very small category of grandfathered drugs that have been on the market unchanged since prior to 1938. For innovative, or non-generic, new drugs, an FDA-approved NDA is required before the drugs may be marketed in the United States. The NDA must contain data to demonstrate that the drug is safe and effective for its intended uses, and that it will be manufactured to appropriate quality standards. In order to demonstrate safety and effectiveness, an NDA generally must include or reference pre-clinical data from animal and laboratory testing and clinical data from controlled trials in humans. For a new chemical entity, this generally means that lengthy, uncertain and rigorous pre-clinical and clinical testing must be conducted. For compounds that have a record of prior or current use, it may be possible to utilize existing data or medical literature and limited new testing to support an NDA. Any pre-clinical laboratory and animal testing must comply with the FDA’s good laboratory practice and other requirements. Clinical testing in human subjects must be conducted in accordance with the FDA’s good clinical practice and other requirements.

 

In order to initiate a clinical trial, the sponsor must submit an investigational new drug application, or IND, to the FDA or meet one of the narrow exemptions that exist from the IND requirement. Clinical research must also be reviewed and approved by independent institutional review boards, or IRBs, at the sites where the research will take place, and the study subjects must provide informed consent.

 

The FDA can, and does, reject new drug applications, require additional clinical trials, or grant approvals on only a restricted basis even when product candidates performed well in clinical trials. The FDA regulates and often inspects manufacturing facilities, equipment and processes used in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products before granting approval to market any drug. Each NDA submission requires a substantial user fee payment unless a waiver or exemption applies. The FDA has committed generally to review and make a decision concerning approval on an NDA within 10 months, and on a new priority drug within six months. However, final FDA action on the NDA can take substantially longer, and where novel issues are presented there may be review and recommendation by an independent FDA advisory committee. The FDA can also refuse to file and review an NDA it deems incomplete or not properly reviewable.

 

The FDA continues to review marketed products even after approval. If previously unknown problems are discovered or if there is a failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements, the FDA may restrict the marketing of an approved product, cause the withdrawal of the product from the market, or under certain circumstances seek recalls, seizures, injunctions or criminal sanctions. For example, the FDA may require an approved marketing application or additional studies for any marketed drug product if new information reveals questions about a drug’s safety or effectiveness. In addition, changes to the product, the manufacturing methods or locations, or labeling are subject to additional FDA approval, which may or may not be received, and which may be subject to a lengthy FDA review process.

 

Additional FDA Regulatory Requirements

 

All drugs must be manufactured, packaged and labeled in conformity with cGMP requirements, and drug products subject to an approved application must be manufactured, packaged, labeled and promoted in accordance with the approved application. Certain of our products must also be packaged

 

86


Table of Contents

with child-resistant and senior friendly packaging under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act and Consumer Product Safety Commission regulations. Our third-party manufacturers must also comply with cGMP requirements. In complying with cGMP requirements, manufacturers must continually expend time, money and effort in production, record keeping and quality assurance and control to ensure that the product meets applicable specifications and other requirements for product safety, efficacy and quality. The FDA and other regulatory agencies periodically inspect drug manufacturing facilities to ensure compliance with applicable cGMP requirements. Failure to comply with the statutory and regulatory requirements, including, in the case of our own manufacturing facility, certain obligations that we assumed in our purchase of the facility arising out of a consent decree entered into by the previous owner before a U.S. District Court, subjects the manufacturer to possible legal or regulatory action.

 

The distribution of pharmaceutical products is subject to the Prescription Drug Marketing Act, or PDMA, which regulates the distribution of drugs and drug samples at the federal level and sets minimum standards for the registration and regulation of drug distributors at the state level. Under the PDMA and state law, states require the registration of manufacturers and distributors who provide pharmaceuticals in that state, including in certain states manufacturers and distributors who ship pharmaceuticals into the state even if such manufacturers or distributors have no place of business within the state. The PDMA and state laws impose requirements and limitations upon drug sampling to ensure accountability in the distribution of samples. The PDMA sets forth civil and criminal penalties for violations of these and other provisions. The FDA and the states are still implementing various sections of the PDMA.

 

Other reporting and recordkeeping requirements also apply for marketed drugs, including, for prescription products, requirements to review and report cases of adverse events. Product advertising and promotion are subject to FDA and state regulation, including requirements that promotional claims conform to any applicable FDA approval and be appropriately balanced and substantiated. Adverse experiences with the use of products can result in the imposition of market restrictions through labeling changes or in product removal.

 

Other U.S. Regulation

 

Our sales, marketing and scientific/educational programs must comply with applicable requirements of the anti-kickback provisions of the Social Security Act, the False Claims Act, the Veterans Healthcare Act, and the implementing regulations and policies of the U.S. Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General and U.S. Department of Justice, as well as similar state laws. Although there are a number of statutory exemptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting certain common activities from prosecution, the exemptions and regulatory safe harbors are often limited, and promotional practices may be subject to scrutiny if they do not qualify for an exemption or safe harbor. In addition, all of our activities are potentially subject to federal and state consumer protection and unfair competition laws. We are subject to possible administrative and legal proceedings and actions under these laws. Such actions may result in the imposition of civil and criminal sanctions, which may include fines, penalties and injunctive or administrative remedies. See Note 13 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2006 included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

In recent years, Congress and some state legislatures have considered a number of proposals and have enacted laws that could effect major changes in the health care system, either nationally or at the state level. On December 8, 2003, new Medicare legislation was enacted that provides out-patient prescription drug reimbursement beginning in 2006 for all Medicare beneficiaries. The federal government and the private plans contracting with the government to deliver this new benefit, through their purchasing power under these programs, are demanding discounts from pharmaceutical companies, and these pressures may implicitly create price controls on prescription drugs.

 

87


Table of Contents

We also participate in the Federal Medicaid rebate program established by the U.S. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990, as well as several state supplemental rebate programs. Under the Medicaid rebate program, we pay a rebate to each state Medicaid program for our products that are reimbursed by those programs. The Medicaid rebate amount is computed each quarter based on our submission to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services of our current average manufacturing price and best price for each of our products. The terms of our participation in the program impose an obligation to correct the prices reported in previous quarters, as may be necessary. Any such corrections could result in an overage or underage in our rebate liability for past quarters, depending on the direction of the correction. In addition to retroactive rebates (and interest, if any), if we are found to have knowingly submitted false information to the government, the statute provides for civil monetary penalties in the amount of $100,000 per item of false information. Governmental agencies may also make changes in program interpretations, requirements or conditions of participation, some of which may have implications for amounts previously estimated or paid. Based upon our past practice and experience, to the extent that we were required to correct prices reported in previous quarters, we would not expect such corrections to have a material adverse effect on us.

 

U.S. Manufacturing for Export

 

Products marketed outside of the United States that are manufactured in the United States are subject to certain FDA regulations, including rules governing export, as well as regulation by the country in which the products are sold. We currently supply Loestrin and Minestrin to Barr in Canada. While we do not currently have plans to market any of our U.S. products in other countries, except the sale of femhrt in Canada, we may do so from time to time.

 

Regulation in the United Kingdom

 

Though we have divested our businesses in the United Kingdom, we are still subject to regulation in certain areas by the U.K. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (the “MHRA”). For example, our facility in Larne, Northern Ireland is approved and regularly inspected by the MHRA. The United Kingdom Medicines Act of 1968 and the regulations made under that act govern applications for marketing authorizations for human use in the United Kingdom and impose additional burdens on manufacturers and promoters of pharmaceuticals sold in the United Kingdom. We contract manufacture Menoring (known as Femring in the United States) for Galen Limited (formerly Nelag Limited) in the United Kingdom.

 

Seasonality

 

Our results of operations are minimally affected by seasonality.

 

Property, Plant and Equipment

 

In May 2004, we purchased an approximately 194,000 sq. ft. pharmaceutical manufacturing facility located in Fajardo, Puerto Rico from Pfizer. The Fajardo facility currently manufactures our Estrostep, Ovcon 50 and Loestrin 24 Fe oral contraceptives and packages femhrt, Ovcon 35, delayed-release Doryx tablets and Dovonex and Taclonex samples. We are in the process of qualifying the facility to manufacture Ovcon 35 Chewable. We are also in the process of transferring Femtrace packaging to our Fajardo facility. Our intention is that the Fajardo facility will become our primary site for the manufacture of our oral dose products. For a discussion of our Fajardo facility, see “—Manufacturing, Supply and Raw Materials.”

 

We also own a 106,000 sq. ft. FDA approved facility in Larne, Northern Ireland, 43,000 sq. ft. of which is leased to a third party. The remainder is dedicated to the manufacture of our vaginal rings, research and product development as well as development of analytical methods.

 

88


Table of Contents

We lease approximately 56,000 sq. ft. of office space in Rockaway, New Jersey, where our U.S. operations are headquartered.

BROKERAGE PARTNERS