Item 8A. Controls and Procedures

An evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms.

In addition, the Company reviewed its internal controls. There have been no significant changes in the Company’s internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect the internal controls of the Company.

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed by the Company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed with the objective of ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Disclosure controls include internal controls that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that transactions are properly authorized, assets are safeguarded against unauthorized or improper use and transactions are properly recorded and unauthorized or improper use and transactions are properly recorded and reported.

Any control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance that its objectives are achieved. The design of a control system inherently has limitations, including the control’s cost relative to their benefits. Additionally, controls can be circumvented. No post-effective control system can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, will be detected.