This Annual Report on
Form 10-K
contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933. These
forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and
uncertainties, including those identified in the section of this
Annual Report on
Form 10-K
entitled Factors Affecting Future Results, that may
cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed
in, or implied by, such forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements within this Annual Report on
Form 10-K
are identified by words such as believes,
anticipates, expects,
intends, may, will,
can, should, could,
estimate, based on, intended,
would, projected, forecasted
and other similar expressions. However, these words are not the
only means of identifying such statements. In addition, any
statements that refer to expectations, projections or other
characterizations of future events or circumstances are
forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to
publicly release the results of any updates or revisions to
these forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect
events or circumstances occurring subsequent to the filing of
this
Form 10-K
with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Our actual
results could differ materially from those anticipated in, or
implied by, forward-looking statements as a result of various
factors, including the risks outlined elsewhere in this report.
Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various
disclosures made by us in this report and in our other reports
filed with the SEC that attempt to advise interested parties of
the risks and factors that may affect our business.
PART I
Item 1.
Business
Our vision is to promote the use of digital content everywhere.
We are dedicated to the promotion of technologies, standards and
products that facilitate the movement of digital content between
and among digital devices across the consumer electronics, PC
and storage markets.
Our mission is to be the leader in the design, development and
implementation of Semiconductors for the secure storage,
distribution and presentation of high-definition content in the
home and mobile environments.
We place an emphasis on understanding and having strategic
relationships within the eco-system of companies that provide
the content and products that drive digital content creation and
consumption. To that end, we have developed strategic
relationships with Hollywood studios such as Universal, Warner
Brothers, Disney and Fox and major consumer electronics
companies such as Sony, Hitachi, Toshiba, Matsushita, Phillips
and Thomson. Through these relationships we have formed a strong
understanding of the requirements for storing, distributing and
viewing high quality digital video and audio in the home and
mobile environments, especially in the area of High Definition
(HD) content. We have also developed a substantial intellectual
property base for building the standards and products necessary
to promote opportunities for our products.
Through the creation and development of the High Definition
Multimedia Interface or
HDMI
tm
standard along with Sony, Hitachi, Toshiba, Matsushita,
Phillip and Thomson we helped drive a worldwide standard for
digital connectivity that has resulted in an installed base of
over 85 million devices by the end of 2006, according to
market-research firm In-Stat. In-Stat projects that over
325 million devices will ship in 2010 and this means that
the installed base for HDMI devices will reach almost
1 billion units by 2010.
Finally, we believe a world of digital devices requires a robust
testing regimen to ensure rock-solid plug and play
interoperability. Today we operate several HDMI Authorized
testing centers around the world that do this vital testing.
However, we saw a need to develop a much more comprehensive test
suite in 2005 and launched a new licensing entity called Simplay
Labs, LLC (Simplay).
Simplay has created the Simplay HD branding program to offer the
industry what we believe to be the most comprehensive method for
ensuring product interoperability. It also provides consumers
with a way of identifying products that have had rigorous
testing and are best in class tested for broad plug
and play trouble free usage.
Note- Silicon Image and Simplay HD are trademarks, registered
trademarks or service marks of Silicon Image, Inc. in the United
States and other countries.
HDMI
tm
and High-Definition Multimedia Interface are trademarks
or registered trademarks of HDMI Licensing, LLC in the United
States and other countries, and are used under license
from HDMI Licensing, LLC. All other trademarks and registered
trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Standards
Innovation
The rate of innovation within the HDMI standard has been rapid,
with 6 revisions of the standard over the last 4 years.
These releases have brought greater benefits to the consumer in
terms of digital video and audio quality and increased
functionality. Silicon Image believes that it can obtain a
competitive advantage due to its founding member status and its
drive for introducing new innovations in quality and
connectivity that get incorporated into the standard.
New
Initiatives
At the beginning of 2007 Silicon Image completed two important
transactions. These transactions enhance our ability to offer
higher levels of integration and greater price/performance value
to our customers.
In February 2007, we entered into an intellectual property
(IP) license from Sunplus Technology Co. The IP
licensed to us in this transaction represents approximately 60
blocks of market-tested IP in the area of DTV and DVD system on
chip (SOC) implementations. These IP blocks represent
fundamental building blocks in the DTV market that are expected
to advance our connectivity solutions for the home and mobile
environment as well as allow us to offer greater value to our
customers. We anticipate that our first generation of products
based on this IP will start shipping in the second half of 2007
and will include new integrated front-end TV input processors
and fully-integrated
system-on-a-chip
(SoC) DTV products that we believe will advance a new
architecture for premium HD content access throughout the home
and mobile environment.
The other transaction, our acquisition of sci-worx GmbH, was
completed in January 2007 and provided a combination of
additional IP, especially in the areas of multi-format decoders
and a highly skilled labor pool of engineers who will increase
our capacity to absorb the Sunplus IP and put it to use in new
more integrated products over the next several years.
These acquisitions were important steps in our efforts to
support the growth we have seen over the last several years.
They allow us to complement our digital connectivity innovations
with more value as we integrate many of the processing blocks
required by our customers.
Future
Technology Directions
Our view of tomorrow includes the consumers ability to
purchase digital content from any source (cable, satellite,
terrestrial broadcast or the internet) and the ability to
securely store it, move it and display it on any device they
own. This will require the advancement of home connectivity in
the area of protocols and content protection. These two areas
represent key core competencies in Silicon Image. We believe we
now have the IP, talent and vision to implement compelling
products, technologies and standards that will address our
vision of digital content everywhere.
Business
Development Background
We have been at the forefront of the development and promotion
of several industry-standard, high-speed, digital, secure
interfaces, including the Digital Visual Interface specification
(DVI), HDMI and the Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
specification (SATA).
DVI, a video-only standard pioneered by Silicon Image and
designed for PC applications, enables PCs to send video data
between a computer and a digital display. By defining a robust,
high-speed serial communication link between host systems and
displays, DVI enables sharper, crystal-clear images and lower
cost designs. Accommodating bandwidth in excess of 165 MHz,
DVI provides UXGA support with a single-link interface. In many
applications DVI is being replaced by the more feature-rich HDMI.
HDMI is a high-bandwidth, all-digital, interconnect technology
used in both CE and PC applications to provide high quality
uncompressed video and audio. Based on IP developed by Silicon
Image and other HDMI
Founders (Sony, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. (MEI or
Panasonic), Philips, Thomson, Hitachi and Toshiba), HDMI was
first introduced in 2002, and has emerged as the de facto
connectivity standard for high definition CE devices. Our
Transition Minimized Differential Signaling
(TMDS
®
)
technology that served as the basis for DVI also serves as the
basis for HDMI. TMDS enables large amounts of data to be
transmitted reliably over a twisted-pair cable. Fully
backward-compatible with products incorporating DVI, HDMI offers
additional consumer enhancements such as automatic format
adjustment to match content to its preferred viewing format and
the ability to build in intelligence, so one remote click can
configure an entire HDMI-enabled system.
Our HDMI interconnect technology is used in many high-definition
products, including both source and receiver devices. Source
devices include DVD players, high definition (HD) and Blu-ray
DVD recorders, audio/video
(A/V) receivers,
set-top boxes (STBs), game consoles, digital cameras and high
definition camcorders, and receiver devices include digital TVs.
According to the market research firm In-Stat, an estimated over
63 million HDMI-enabled devices were shipped worldwide in
2006, including nearly 61 million CE devices. In-Stat
projects that approximately 130 million devices, including
approximately 115 million CE devices, will be shipped
worldwide in 2007.
The market acceptance and adoption of HDMI has been a
significant factor in our growth over the last several years,
driving both our product and licensing revenues. As of
December 31, 2006, more than 500 companies had
licensed HDMI from HDMI Licensing, LLC, our wholly-owned
subsidiary and the agent responsible for the licensing of HDMI.
HDMI has the support of major Hollywood studios as part of their
ongoing efforts in the areas of digital rights management and
content protection, since HDMI offers significant advantages
over analog A/V interfaces, including the ability to
transmit uncompressed, high-definition digital video and
multi-channel digital audio over a single cable.
HDMI Licensing, LLC issued its fifth HDMI version (HDMI 1.3) in
June 2006 and its sixth version (HDMI 1.3a) in November
2006. We introduced the industrys first HDMI 1.3 products
around the same time, providing a
time-to-market
advantage to our customers. By the end of December 31,
2006, a number of top-tier CE manufacturers had announced
products using our HDMI products, led by Sony (Playstation3) and
Samsung Electronics (BD-P1200 Blu-ray Disc player and its new
plasma, liquid crystal display (LCD) and Digital Light
Processing (DLP) High Definition Televisions (HDTVs)).
We shipped the first HDMI-compliant silicon to the market, and
we remain a market leader for HDMI functionality, with more than
97 million units shipped to date. We recently expanded our
HDMI product line with the introduction of the industrys
first HDMI 1.3-compliant discrete receiver and transmitter
discrete chips, a new switch product family and a new family of
integrated input processors designed to help manufacturers offer
cutting-edge HDMI 1.3 functionality. We expect to begin sampling
an integrated SoC supporting HDMI 1.3 during 2007.
A key element of our growth in CE product sales during the past
several years has been our ability to work closely with
top-tier CE original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) in
developing new capabilities and features to incorporate into the
HDMI standard. We also work closely with our customers to
develop a broad line of products to meet their various needs for
particular market segments (e.g., semiconductors with advanced
features for high-end products, and lower-priced semiconductor
solutions for mid-range, mass- market products). Our leadership
in the HDMI marketplace has been based on our ability to
introduce
first-to-market
semiconductor solutions. As we did with each prior version of
HDMI, we introduced the industrys first HDMI 1.3 products,
providing a
time-to-market
advantage to our customers.
For CE manufacturers, HDMI is a lower-cost, standardized means
of interconnecting their devices, which enables these
manufacturers to build feature-rich products that deliver a true
home theatre entertainment experience. For consumers, HDMI
provides a simpler way to connect and use devices which provide
the higher-quality entertainment experience available with
digital content.
For PC and monitor manufacturers, HDMI enables PCs to connect to
digital TVs and monitors DTVs with HD quality video
signals. More than 50 HDMI PC products were available at the end
of 2006 or expected to come to market in early 2007, including
HDMI products available from major original equipment
manufacturers (OEMs) for desktop media-center PCs and notebook
PCs, as well as add-in graphics cards, motherboards and LCD
monitors.
The introduction of Microsofts new operating system in
January 2007, Vista, with its digital content rights management
requirements, has generated increased interest in HDMI
connectivity by PC manufacturers.
In the storage market, we have assumed a leadership role in
SATA. SATA, based on serial signaling technology, is a computer
bus technology for connecting hard disk drives and other devices
that is faster than traditional Parallel Advance Technology
Attachment specification (PATA) or USB connectors. SATA is
replacing parallel PATA in desktop storage and making inroads in
the enterprise arena due to its improved price/performance
ratio. The market for external SATA (eSATA) has grown
significantly since mid-2005. eSATA connectors enable faster
transmission of data than traditional PATA or USB connectors. We
are a leading supplier of discrete SATA solutions for
motherboard and
add-in-card
manufacturers.
With the advent of MP3 players and other similar devices,
consumers are downloading and storing an increasing array of
digital content, including video, photos, and music, which we
believe is creating a growing awareness and need for low-cost,
simple, secure and reliable CE storage. In late 2006, we
introduced our second generation
SteelVine
tm
storage processor to address this anticipated market demand. Our
storage processor solutions are fully SATA-compliant and offer
SoC implementations that include a high-speed switch, a
custom-designed dual-instruction RISC (reduced instruction
set computing) microprocessor, firmware, SATA interface, as well
as advanced features and capabilities such as 3 Giga bits per
second (Gb/s) support Native Command Queuing, hot plug, port
multiplier capability and ATAPI support.
Simplay Labs, LLC (Simplay) (formerly named PanelLink Cinema,
LLC), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Silicon Image, is a leading
provider of testing services for the high-definition CE
industry. Simplay markets and sells its services to
CE manufacturers through direct sales and a variety of
industry events that focus on the HD marketplace. In 2006, we
introduced the Simplay
HD
tm
Testing Program to address the issue of compliance to industry
standards and interoperability across multiple devices, an issue
of growing importance to retailers and consumers. The Simplay HD
Testing Program is open to all manufacturers of consumer
electronics devices implementing HDMI and High-bandwidth Digital
Content Protections (HDCP), including HDTVs, STBs, DVD players,
A/V receivers and cables. More than 125 products had been
Simplay
HD-verified,
conferring upon those products a higher level of consumer trust
that the products are HDMI compliant and fully interoperable
with other HDMI-compliant products.
Simplay operates testing centers in China, North America and,
beginning in January 2007, Europe. These centers provide
manufacturers with advanced compatibility testing facilities to
ensure they are delivering industry-compatible high-definition
products to consumers. We believe that Simplay has further
enhanced our reputation for quality, reliable products and
leadership in the HDMI market.
Markets
and Customers
We focus our sales and marketing efforts on achieving design
wins with leading OEMs of CE, PC and storage products. In many
cases, OEMs outsource the manufacturing of their products to
third-party, contract manufacturers. In these cases, once our
product is designed into an OEMs product, we typically
work with the OEMs contract manufacturer to facilitate the
design for production. After the design is complete, we sell our
products to these third-party, contract manufacturers either
directly or indirectly through distributors.
Historically, a relatively small number of customers and
distributors have generated a significant portion of our
revenue. Our top five customers, including distributors,
generated 57%, 54%, and 47%, of our revenue in 2006, 2005 and
2004, respectively. The increase in 2006 from 2005 and in 2005
from 2004 can be attributed to the increased level of purchasing
activities with these distributors. Additionally, the percentage
of revenue generated through distributors tends to be
significant, since many OEMs rely upon third-party manufacturers
or distributors to provide purchasing and inventory management
functions. Our revenue generated through distributors, was 50%,
52% and 45% of our total revenue in 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively. Microtek Corporation, a distributor, comprised
16%, 11%, and 12% of our revenue in 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively. Innotech Corporation, a distributor, comprised
16%, 9%, and 5% of our revenue in 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively. World Peace Industrial, a distributor, comprised
12%, 17% and 15% of our revenue in 2006, 2005 and 2004,
respectively. Our licensing revenue is not generated through
distributors, and to the extent licensing revenue increases, we
would expect a decrease in the percentage of our revenue
generated through distributors. A substantial portion of our
business is conducted outside the United States; therefore, we
are subject to foreign business, political and economic risks.
Nearly all of our products are manufactured in Asia, and for the
years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004,
approximately 79%, 74%, and 72%, of our revenue, respectively,
was generated from customers and distributors located outside
the United States, primarily in Asia. Please refer to the risk
factor section for a discussion about the risks associated with
the sell-through arrangement with our distributors.
Products
We market products to the CE, PC/display and storage markets. To
ensure that rich digital content is available across devices,
consumer electronics, PC and storage devices must be architected
for content compatibility and interoperability. Our industry and
the markets we serve are characterized by rapid technological
advancement and we constantly strive for innovation in our
product offerings. We introduce products to address markets or
applications that we have not previously addressed, and to
replace our existing products with products that are based on
more advanced technology that incorporates new or enhanced
features.
Consumer
Electronics
Our CE semiconductor products are used in a growing number of
devices, including DTVs, DVD players, STBs, A/V receivers, game
consoles, camcorders and digital still cameras. Our engineering
resources are working on developing further enhancements to HDMI
to better support mobile devices, such as cameras, phones, and
personal media players. We are actively developing advanced,
integrated DTV-processor SoCs, which we expect to sample in
2007. Our engineering resources are also focused on broadening
HDMI from a
point-to-point
device connectivity standard to include networking functionality
throughout the home.
Silicon Images HDMI products are branded under the
VastLane
TM
product family and have been selected by many of the
worlds leading CE companies.
VastLane HDMI Transmitters.
Our VastLane HDMI
transmitter products reside in personal computers and consumer
electronics products, such as DVD players, DVD recorders, game
consoles, STBs, digital camcorders,
A/V
receivers, and digital video recorders (DVRs). VastLane HDMI
transmitters convert digital video and audio into a
multi-gigabit per second (Gbps) encrypted serialized stream and
transmit the secure content to an HDMI receiver that is built
into televisions and A/V receivers.
VastLane HDMI Receivers.
Our VastLane HDMI
receiver products reside in display systems, such as HDTVs,
plasma TVs, LCD TVs, rear-projection TVs, front projectors, PC
monitors as well as A/V receivers. VastLane HDMI receivers
convert an incoming encrypted serialized stream to digital video
and audio, which is then processed by a television or PC monitor
for display.
Some of our products targeting the CE market are listed below:
HDMI
Maximum
Maximum
Maximum
Product
Type
Ports
Resolution
Color Depth
Bandwidth
Target Applications
SiI9011
VastLane HDMI Receiver
1
1080p
24 bits/pixel
5 Gbps
LCD TVs, plasma TVs, projection TVs
SiI9023
VastLane HDMI Receiver
2
1080p
24 bits/pixel
5 Gbps
LCD TVs, plasma TVs, projection TVs
SiI9133
VastLane HDMI Receiver
2
1080p
36 bits/pixel
6.75 Gbps
DVD players, STBs
SiI9993
VastLane HDMI Receiver
1
720p/1080i
24 bits/pixel
2.58 Gbps
LCD TVs, plasma TVs, projection TVs
SiI9030
VastLane HDMI Transmitter
1
1080p
24 bits/pixel
5 Gbps
DVD players/recorders, STBs
SiI9132
VastLane HDMI Transmitter
1
1080p
36 bits/pixel
6.75 Gbps
game consoles
SiI9134
VastLane HDMI Transmitter
1
1080p
36 bits/pixel
6.75 Gbps
DVD players/recorders, STBs
PCs and
Displays
Pioneered by Silicon Image and introduced by the Digital Display
Working Group (DDWG), DVI is the predominate digital standard
for connecting PCs to digital displays. DVI defines a robust,
high-speed serial communication link between host systems and
displays enabling sharper, crystal-clear images and
lower-cost designs. Accommodating bandwidth in excess of
165 MHz, DVI provides UXGA support with a single-link
interface.
Silicon Image continues to be a leader in the DVI market, having
shipped over 84 million components to date. Our DVI
products are marketed under our VastLane product family. Market
researcher In-Stat estimated that 92 million DVI-enabled PC
devices were shipped by industry participants in 2006. Although
DVI is being replaced by the more feature-rich HDMI in many
applications, In-Stat projects that approximately
92 million DVI-enabled PC devices will ship in 2007.
During the past year, we have seen a rapid penetration of HDMI
into the PC market with more than 50 HDMI PC products currently,
or expected be, available by early 2007 including, nearly two
dozen desktop and notebook PCs, families of HDMI PC monitors
from major manufacturers, and a broad range of motherboards and
graphics cards with HDMI outputs. The introduction of
Microsofts new Vista operating system in January 2007 is
accelerating the adoption of HDMI in the consumer PC market.
Vista contains rich multimedia functions and the ability to
access and play-back premium high-definition content from a
variety of sources including Advanced Television Systems
Committee (ATSC) tuners, digital cable tuners, HD-DVD, and
Blu-ray Discs.
By the end of 2006, In-Stat estimated that there were
approximately 50 million digital TVs that potentially could
be connected to PCs with HDMI outputs. In-Stat projects that
this number will grow to approximately 105 million digital
TVs with HDMI inputs by the end of the 2007, allowing PC users
to play games, watch high-definition DVDs and view photos on
their monitors or large screen TVs. Because HDMI is backwards
compatible with the DVI standard, HDMI-enabled PCs can also
connect directly to the enormous installed base of PC monitors
with DVI inputs, which In-Stat estimates at approximately
106 million shipped to date since 2002. In addition, major
producers of PC monitors are starting to introduce low-cost HDMI
monitors to respond to the recent surge of PCs with HDMI outputs.
I
2
C
interface
3.3V or 1.0-1.8V interface
De-skewing option
SiI1162
VastLane DVI Transmitter
PC motherboards, graphic boards,
notebook PCs
I2C interface
3.0-3.6V or 1.0-1.9V interface
De-skewing option BIOS and driver
compatible with SiI 164
SiI1169
VastLane DVI Receiver
LCD monitors, video and multimedia
projectors, plasma displays
3.3V interface
HDCP
Dual-link sync
12C interface
Programmable Equalization for long cable support
Pin compatible with SiI161B, SiI1161, SiI169 and
SiI163B
SiI1362
VastLane DVI Transmitter
Desktop PC motherboards and
add-inboards, notebook PCs
VGA-UXGA Transmitter, 48 Pin
SiI1362A
VastLane DVI Transmitter
PC motherboards, notebook PCs
I2C interface
Supports Intel SDVO technology Cable
distance support greater than 10 meters
SiI1390/2
VastLane DVI Transmitter
Notebook and Desktop PCs
(motherboards, add-in boards)
SDVO
interface HDMI 1.2 output HDCP
SiI1930/2
VastLane DVI Transmitter
Notebook and Desktop PCs
(motherboards, add-in boards)
TMDS interface
HDMI 1.2 output HDCP
Storage
In the storage market, we have assumed a leadership role in
SATA, a standard that is replacing PATA in desktop storage and
making inroads in the enterprise arena due to its improved
price/performance ratio. Silicon Image remains focused on
continuing to introduce higher levels of SATA integration,
driving higher SATA performance and functionality, and
delivering a family of SATA SoC solutions and systems for the
consumer electronics environment.
SATA offers a number of benefits over PATA interfaces, including
higher bandwidth, scalability, lower voltage and narrower
cabling. As a result, SATA is expected to become the standard
drive interface for desktop and notebook PCs and is expected to
establish a significant presence in both enterprise storage and
CE applications through external SATA
(e-SATA)
connections.
External SATA (eSATA) extends the SATA connection outside the
device enclosure providing a storage interface that is six times
faster than Universal Serial Bus (USB) 2.0 and three times
faster than IEEE 1394. The latest generation of digital video
recorders (DVRs) from Scientific Atlanta, Motorola and TiVo, as
well as PC motherboards from ASUS, MSI, ECS, Foxconn, ASRock and
iWill are equipped with eSATA ports.
We introduced our SteelVine architecture in 2004. SteelVine
integrates the capabilities of a complex redundant array of
independent disks (RAID) controller into a single-chip
architecture.
Our storage products fall into three categories: controllers,
bridges and storage processors, each of which is branded under
the
SteelVine
tm
product family.
SteelVine Storage Controllers
We provide a
full line of SATA controllers used in PC, DVR, and NAS (network
attached storage) applications. The current generation of
SteelVine controllers provides the latest SATA Gen II
features including eSATA signal levels, 3.0 Gb/s, NCQ, hot-plug,
and port multiplier support.
SteelVine Bridges
Our bridge products such as
the SiI3811 provide PC OEMs with a solution that connects legacy
PATA optical drives to the current generation of motherboard
chip sets, and are used primarily in desktop and laptop PC
applications.
SteelVine Storage Processors
Our SteelVine
storage processors represent a completely new product category
that enables a new class of storage solutions for the PC, CE and
external storage markets. SteelVine storage processors deliver
enterprise-class features such as virtualization, RAID, hot-plug
and hot spare, in a single very low cost SoC. These unique SoCs
allow system builders to produce appliance-like solutions that
are simple, reliable, affordable and scalable without the need
for host software. Storage processors are currently shipping in
PC motherboard as well as external storage solutions.
We believe that Silicon Images multi-layer approach to
providing robust, cost-effective, multi-gigabit semiconductor
solutions on a single chip for high-bandwidth applications,
lends itself well to SATA storage market applications. We intend
to continue to introduce higher levels of SATA integration,
driving higher SATA performance and functionality, and
delivering a family of SATA SoC solutions for the PC and
consumer electronics environment.
Our storage products include the following:
Product
Categories
Key Features
Target Applications
SiI5723, 5733,
5743, 5744, 3726
4723, 4726
eSATA Storage Processors.
2-drive SteelVine IC with 3Gb/s
Serial ATA and USB 2.0 host link and support for up to 2 SATA
devices. Also supports drive cascading, RAID 0, 1 and drive
spanning.
Consumer storage applications for
PC and CE markets.
SiI3124A
SATA Controllers
Single chip, quad-channel,
PCI/PCI-X-to-3Gb/s
SATA- Gen II host controller,
SATARAID
tm
software, 1st Party DMA, hot plug, ATAPI support, port
multiplier support with FIS-based switching, variable output
strengths for backplane support, Supports up to 3Gb/s per
channel.
Server motherboards, server
add-in-cards,
host bus adapters, RAID subsystems, embedded applications
SiI3112,
3512, 3114
SATA Controllers
Single-chip,
PCI-to-1.5Gb/s
SATA-Gen I host controller,
SATARAID
tm
software, hot plug, ATAPI support, variable output strengths for
backplane support
PC motherboards, PC
add-in-cards,
server motherboards, host bus adapters, RAID subsystems,
embedded applications
Single-chip, PCI
Express-to-3.0Gb/s
SATA Gen-II host controller,
SATARAID
tm
software, hot plug, ATAPI support, port multiplier with FIS
based switching, variable output strengths for backplane support
PC motherboards, PC
add-in-cards,
server motherboards, host bus adapters, RAID subsystems,
embedded applications
SiI3811
SATA Device Bridge
1.5Gb/s
SATA-to-PATA
device bridge, ATAPI support
Notebook and PC motherboards,
ATAPI devices
SiI0680
PATA Controller
Ultra ATA/133
PCI-to-ATA
host Controller
PC Motherboards, PC
add-in-cards,
server motherboards, host bus adapters, embedded applications
Promotion
of Industry Standards
A key element of our business strategy is to grow the available
market for our products and technologies through the development
and promotion of industry standards. In some cases, this
involves participation in existing industry standards bodies
such as the Consumer Electronics Association. In other cases,
this involves forming new industry organizations to create,
promote and manage new industry specifications, such as HDMI.
Though we are active in existing industry standards bodies, it
is our formation of, and participation in new industry
organizations that have had the greatest impact on our business.
We are currently directly involved in the following standards
efforts:
High-Definition
Multimedia Interface (HDMI)
Silicon Image, together with Sony, Matsushita Electric
Industrial Co. (Panasonic), Philips, Thomson, Hitachi and
Toshiba, entered into a Founders Agreement under which we
formed a working group to develop a specification for a
next-generation, uncompressed, digital interface for consumer
electronics. In December 2002, the specification for HDMI 1.0
was released. The HDMI specification revision history to date is
as follows:
Revision
Date Issued
Key Features
HDMI 1.0
December 2002
Uncompressed digital audio/video
interface
HDMI 1.1
May 2004
DVD-Audio support
HDMI 1.2
August 2005
Super Audio CD support removed
restrictions on use of PC video format timings
HDMI 1.2a
December 2005
Full definition of CEC
functionality and compliance test. Additional cable and
connector testing requirements.
HDMI 1.3
June 2006
Single link bandwidth doubled to
10.2 Gb/s (340 MHz)
Deep Color
xvYCC color gamut
Lossless High Bit Rate audio support Mini connector
Lip Sync correction
HDMI 1.3a
November 2006
Compliance Testing requirements
for HDMI 1.3 features, required testing
The HDMI specification is based on our proven TMDS technology,
the same technology underlying HDMIs predecessor, DVI.
Because of the dynamic nature of the CE market and the number of
CE devices, we anticipate that the HDMI standard will continue
to evolve over time. As an HDMI Founder, we have actively
participated in the evolution of the HDMI specification, and we
expect our involvement to continue.
In 2002, Silicon Image established a wholly-owned subsidiary,
HDMI Licensing, LLC, to perform the duties of licensing agent
for the HDMI specification, a role previously performed by
Silicon Image under the terms of the Founders Agreement.
As of December 31, 2006, there were more than 500 HDMI
Adopters (not including the 7 founding members) that have been
licensed to implement the HDMI specification in their products.
Under the HDMI Adopter Agreement, a manufacturer implementing
HDMI in its products is required to test its first product in
each of four categories at an independent HDMI Authorized
Testing Center (ATC). The four categories are sinks (display
devices), sources, repeaters and cables. Our wholly-owned
subsidiary, Simplay, operates HDMI ATCs that test manufacturer
products for conformance to the HDMI specification. Two other
HDMI Founders (Panasonic and Philips) also operate ATCs.
The adoption of and demand for products incorporating HDMI has
been driven, in part, by the actions of other standards setting
bodies and, in some cases, government regulation requiring or
authorizing the use of HDMI technology.
DVD Copy Control Association.
The DVD Copy
Control Association, responsible for licensing CSS (Content
Scramble System) to manufacturers of DVD hardware, media and
related products, has approved HDMI with HDCP as an
authorized digital output of DVD players for CSS protected
content.
Federal Communications Commission.
The FCC
issued its Plug and Play order in October 2003. In November 2003
and March 2004, these rules, known as the Plug & Play
Final Rules (Plug & Play Rules), became effective.
According to the Plug & Play Rules, as of July 1,
2005, all high definition set-top boxes acquired by cable
operators for distribution to subscribers would need to include
either a DVI or HDMI output with HDCP.
Moreover, under the Plug & Play Rules, a unidirectional
digital cable television may not be labeled or marketed as
digital cable ready unless it includes the following interfaces
according to the following schedule:
(i) For 480p grade unidirectional digital cable
televisions, either a DVI/HDCP, HDMI/HDCP, or
480p Y, Pb, Pr (analog) interface:
100% of models manufactured or imported in the U.S. with screen
sizes 36 inches and above after July 1, 2005; 100% of
models manufactured or imported in the U.S. with screen sizes 32
to 35 inches after July 1, 2006.
(ii) For 720p/1080i grade unidirectional digital cable
televisions, either a DVI/HDCP or HDMI/HDCP interface:
100% of models manufactured or imported in the U.S. with screen
sizes 36 inches and above as of July 1, 2005; 100% of
models manufactured or imported in the U.S. with screen sizes 32
to 35 inches as of July 1, 2006; 100% of models
manufactured or imported in the U.S. with screen sizes larger
than 13 inches after July 1, 2007.
In the past, the FCC has made modifications to its rules and
timetable for the DTV transition and it may do so in the future.
EICTA
In January 2005, the European Industry Association
for Information Systems, Communication Technologies and Consumer
Electronics (EICTA) issued its Conditions for High
Definition Labeling of Display Devices, which requires all
HDTVs using the HD Ready logo to have either an HDMI
or DVI input with HDCP. In August 2005, EICTA issued its
Minimum Requirements for HD Television Receivers,
which requires HD Receivers without an integrated display (e.g.
HD STBs) utilizing the HDTV logo and intended for
use with HD sources (e.g. television broadcasts), some of which
require content protection in order to permit HD quality output,
to have either a DVI or HDMI output with HDCP.
CASBAA
In August 2005, the Cable and Satellite
Broadcasting Association of Asia (CASBAA) issued a series of
recommendations in its CASBAA Principles for Content
Protection in the Asia-Pacific
Pay-TV
Industry for handling digital output from future
generations of set-top boxes for video on demand (VOD),
Pay-per-view (PPV),
Pay-TV
and
other encrypted digital programming applications. These
recommendations include the use of one or more of HDMI with HDCP
or DVI with HDCP digital outputs for set-top boxes capable of
outputting uncompressed high-definition content.
CVIA In July 2006, Silicon Image and China Video
Industry Association (CVIA) signed an agreement and agreed to
work together to promote HDMI adoption among domestic
Chinese electronics manufacturers, co-develop new technology
applicable to HDMI, and collaborate on establishing testing and
interoperability certification labs that complement the
capabilities of the HDMI Authorized Testing Centers established
by Silicon Image. In addition, Silicon Image agreed to support
the China Digital Interface Industry Alliance (CDIA), an
industry alliance consisting of major Chinese electronics
manufacturers that CVIA established. CDIA would work to promote
the use of HDMI in consumer electronic products, promote
communications among manufacturers in China and abroad, and
strengthen coordination between hardware manufacturers and
content providers.
Digital
Visual Interface (DVI)
In 1998, Silicon Image, together with Intel, Compaq, IBM,
Hewlett-Packard, NEC and Fujitsu, announced the formation of the
Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). Subsequently, members of
the DDWG entered into a Promoters Agreement in which they
agreed to:
define, establish and support the DVI specification, an industry
specification for sending video data between a computer and a
digital display;
encourage broad industry adoption of the DVI specification, in
part by creating an implementers forum that others may
join in order to receive information and by providing support
for the DVI specification;
invite third parties to enter into a Participants
Agreement in order to consult on the content, feasibility and
other aspects of the DVI specification.
In 1999, the DDWG published the DVI 1.0 specification, which
defines a high-speed serial data communication link between
computers and digital displays. The DVI 1.0 standard remains in
effect, and has not changed from its release in 1999. Over 100
companies, including systems manufacturers, graphics
semiconductor companies and monitor manufacturers have
participated in DDWG activities, and many are developing
hardware and software products designed to be compliant with the
DVI specification. Market researcher In-Stat estimated that
92 million DVI-enabled PC devices were shipped by industry
participants in 2006.
High-bandwidth
Digital Content Protection (HDCP)
In 2000, the HDCP specification HDCP 1.0 was published by Intel,
with contributions from Silicon Image acknowledged in the
specification. The specification was developed to add content
protection to DVI in order to prevent unauthorized copying of
content when transmitted between source and display over a DVI
link. In 2003, the HDCP specification was updated to revision
level 1.1 and made available for use with HDMI. This
technology has been widely adopted in consumer electronics
products, initially in combination with DVI, and more recently
and more prevalently in combination with HDMI. In 2006, the HDCP
specification was again revised in version 1.2 to clarify
certain technical ambiguities and consolidate errata. The HDCP
Compliance Test Specification VI.1 was also released in 2006.
Serial
ATA Working Group
During 2000, we acquired Zillion Technologies, a developer of
high-speed transmission technology for data storage
applications. Zillion contributed to the drafting of the
preliminary SATA 1.0 specification, eventually published in 2001
and promoted as a successor to PATA bus technology. We were a
contributor to the SATA working group, which includes Dell,
Intel, Maxtor, Seagate, and Vitesse, among its promoters. In
February 2002, we joined the SATA II Working Group, the
successor to the SATA working group, as a contributor. The
SATA II working group released Extensions to Serial
ATA 1.0 Specifications in October 2002 and
Extensions to Serial ATA 1.0a rev. 1.1 in November
of 2003, to enhance the SATA 1.0 specification for the server
and network storage markets. The SATA II working group has also
released specifications for SATA port multipliers and SATA port
selectors.
In 2004, the SATA II working group released specifications
to increase SATAs speed to 3 Gb/s, as well as defining
external cabling for SATA.
In July 2004, a new organization, the Serial ATA International
Organization, (SATA-IO), was formed as the successor to the
SATA II working group. This organization provides the
industry with guidance and support for implementing the SATA
specification. We are a member of SATA-IO, which has a current
membership of over 100 companies including its current
board members, Dell, Intel, Seagate and Vitesse. Under the
SATA-IO committee, a revised 2.5 specification, which integrates
all previous SATA specifications into a single document, has
been released. Silicon Image continues to be an active member in
the SATA-IO group.
Incits
T-13 Committee
In 2003, Silicon Image joined the Incits T13 technical committee
(T13 Committee) as a contributor. The T13 Committee is
responsible for publishing the ATA specification and is
currently working to make improvements to the ATA specification,
including the incorporation of advanced SATA-IO features into
their next revision of the ATA specification, ATA-8. Members of
the T13 Committee include Hitachi, Intel, Seagate, Phoenix
Technologies, Microsoft, Fujitsu, Western Digital and nVidia
among others.
We intend to continue to be involved and actively participate in
other standard setting initiatives.
Silicon
Image Technology
Multi-Layer
Systems Approach to Solving High-Speed Interconnect
Problems
We invented the technology upon which the DVI and HDMI
specifications are based, and have substantial experience in the
design, manufacture and deployment of semiconductor products
incorporating this high-speed data communications technology.
The advanced nature of our high-speed digital design allows us
to integrate significant functionality with multiple high-speed
communication channels using industry-standard, low-cost
complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) manufacturing
processes. At the core of our innovation is a multi-layered
approach to providing multi-gigabit semiconductor solutions.
The three layers of our Multi-layer Serial Link (MSL)
architecture include the physical, coding and protocol layers.
Serial link technology is the basis for the physical layer,
which performs electrical signaling in several data
communication protocols, including DVI 1.0, HDMI 1.3 and SATA.
This technology converts parallel data into a serial stream that
is transmitted sequentially at a constant rate and then
reconstituted into its original form. Our high-speed serial link
technology includes a number of proprietary elements designed to
address the significant challenge of ensuring that data sent to
a display or a storage device can be accurately recovered after
it has been separated and transmitted in serial streams over
multiple channels. In order to enable a display or a storage
device to recognize data at the proper time and rate, our
digital serial link technology uses a digital phase-locked loop
combined with a unique phase detecting and tracking method to
monitor the timing of the data.
At the coding layer, we have developed substantial intellectual
property in data coding technology for high-speed serial
communication. Our TMDS coding technology simplifies the
protocol for high-speed serial communication and allows
tradeoffs to be made in physical implementation of the link,
which in turn reduces the cost of bandwidth and simplifies the
overall system design. In addition, we have ensured direct
current, balanced transmission and the ability to use TMDS to
keep electromagnetic emissions low and to enable connection to
fiber optic interconnects without use of additional components.
VastLane
HDMI
Our VastLane HDMI technology sends protected high-fidelity
digital audio and high-definition video across the HDMI link for
use in the consumer electronics market. Combining digital video
and multi-channel digital audio transmissions in a single
interconnect system simplifies and reduces the cost of the
connection between consumer electronics devices, while
maintaining high quality and content protection.
From our inception until 1998, our internal research and
development efforts focused primarily on the development of our
core VastLane (formerly called PanelLink) technology, our
initial transmitter and receiver products, and our first
intelligent panel controller product. The TMDS technology
developed by Silicon Image became the key technology in the DVI
standard completed in 1999. During 1999, we introduced the first
DVI products using the VastLane architecture. Subsequent
improvements to the core VastLane technology enabled
higher display interface resolutions higher, and helped drive
growth in the flat-panel display market. In 2000, we focused our
internal research and development efforts on integrating our
VastLane technology with additional functionality, such as
digital audio and HDCP, for the consumer electronics industry.
These developments led to the adoption of DVI-HDCP by major
television manufacturers and created new opportunities for us in
consumer electronics. We formed the HDMI Working Group with six
other major consumer electronics manufacturers, and we developed
key new technologies for the HDMI standard. The original
VastLane technology was the basis for HDMI, and an improved
VastLane architecture is the backbone of the HDMI 1.3 standard.
Research
and Development
Our research and development efforts continue to focus on
developing innovative technologies and standards,
higher-bandwidth, lower-power links, as well as efficient
algorithms, architectures, and feature-rich functions for
higher-level integrated products or SoCs, for use in CE
(including DTV), PC, mobile, and storage applications. By
utilizing our patented technologies and optimized architectures,
we believe our VastLane, and SteelVine products can scale with
advances in semiconductor manufacturing process technology,
simplify system design, and provide new innovative solutions for
our customers.
We have invested, and expect that we will continue to invest,
significant funds for research and development activities. Our
research and development expenses were approximately
$63.6 million, $44.9 million, and $61.5 million,
in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively (including stock-based
compensation expense (benefit) of $11.1 million,
$(3.9) million, and $16.6 million, for 2006, 2005 and
2004, respectively).
We have assembled a team of engineers and technologists with
extensive experience in the areas of high-speed interconnect
architecture, circuit design, digital A/V processor
architecture, storage architecture, logic design/verification,
firmware/software, flat panel displays, digital video/audio
systems, and storage systems. Our engineering team includes a
group of consultants in Asia that focuses primarily on advanced
technology development. As of December 31, 2006, our
engineering organizations were based in the United States,
China, and the U.K. In January 2007, we purchased sci-worx GmbH
(sci-worx), from Infineon Technologies AG (Infineon). Sci-worx
was Infineons wholly-owned subsidiary prior to the
acquisition. We purchased all of the outstanding shares of
capital stock of sci-worx and paid sci-worxs intercompany
debt to another Infineon subsidiary. The purchase price for the
acquisition was $13.6 million in cash for sci-worx
capital stock and its intercompany debt (net of its cash
balances at closing). Sci-worx (now called Silicon Image
Germany) is an intellectual property and design service provider
specializing in multimedia, communications, and networking
applications. Silicon Image Germany has approximately 172
employees. The acquisition brings Silicon Image core
competencies in more than 50 IP products in the area of
video/image processing, wireline communications, security and
bus interfaces.
On February 2007, we entered into a Video Processor Design
License Agreement with Sunplus. Under the terms of the license
agreement, we will receive a license to use and further develop
advanced video processor technology. The license agreement
provides for the payment of an aggregate of $40.0 million
to Sunplus by Silicon Image, $35.0 million of which is
payable in consideration for the licensed technology and related
deliverables and $5.0 million of which is payable in
consideration for Sunplus support and maintenance obligations.
We paid Sunplus $10.0 million of the consideration for the
licensed technology and related deliverables in February 2007,
and are required to pay the remaining $25.0 million upon
delivery and completion of certain milestones. The
$5.0 million to be paid for support and maintenance by
Sunplus is payable over a two-year period starting upon delivery
of the final Sunplus deliverables. The license agreement also
provides for the grant to Sunplus of a license to certain of our
intellectual property, for which Sunplus has agreed to pay us
$5.0 million upon delivery and acceptance of such
intellectual property. We believe that the intellectual property
licensed from Sunplus, along with the engineering talent and
intellectual property recently acquired in the sci-worx
acquisition, will enhance and accelerate our ability to develop
and offer a broader array of consumer product offerings, ranging
from discrete HDMI chips to new integrated front-end DTV input
processors and fully-integrated SoC DTV products.
We sell our products to distributors and OEMs throughout the
world directly using a direct sales force with field offices
located in North America, Taiwan, Europe, Japan and Korea and
indirectly through a network of distributors and
manufacturers representatives located throughout North
America, Asia and Europe.
Our sales strategy for all products is to achieve design wins
with key industry leaders in order to grow the markets in which
we participate and to promote and accelerate the adoption of
industry standards (such as DVI, HDMI and SATA) that we support
or are developing. Our sales personnel and applications
engineers provide a high-level of technical support to our
customers. Our marketing efforts focus primarily on promoting
adoption of the DVI, HDMI and SATA standards; participating in
industry trade shows and forums; entering into branding
relationships such as VastLane for DVI, HDMI and SteelVine for
SATA to build awareness of our brands; and bringing new
solutions to market.
Manufacturing
Wafer
Fabrication
Our semiconductor products are fabricated using standard CMOS
processes, which permit us to engage independent wafer foundries
to fabricate our semiconductors. By outsourcing the manufacture
of our products, we are able to avoid the high-cost of owning
and operating a semiconductor wafer fabrication facility and to
take advantage of these manufacturers high-volume
economies of scale. Outsourcing our manufacturing also gives us
direct and timely access to various process technologies. This
allows us to focus our resources on the innovation or design and
quality of our products. Our devices are currently fabricated
using 0.35 micron, 0.25 micron and 0.18 micron processes.
We have conducted research and development projects for our
licensees, which have involved 0.13 micron and 0.90 nm designs.
We continuously evaluate the benefits, primarily the improved
performance, costs, and feasibility, of migrating our products
to smaller geometry process technologies. We rely almost
entirely on Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) to
produce all of our CE, PC and SATA products. Because of the
cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry, capacity
availability can change quickly and significantly. We attempt to
optimize wafer availability by continuing to use less advanced
wafer geometries, such as 0.5 micron, 0.35 micron, 0.25 micron
and 0.18 micron and 0.13 micron for which foundries generally
have more available capacity.
Assembly
and Test
After wafer fabrication, die (semiconductor devices) are
assembled into packages and the finished products are tested.
Our products are designed to use low-cost standard packages and
to be tested with widely available semiconductor test equipment.
We outsource all of our packaging and the majority of our test
requirements to Amkor Technology in Korea, Advanced
Semiconductor Engineering in Taiwan and Malaysia and Siliconware
Product International Limited (SPIL) in Taiwan. This enables us
to take advantage of these subcontractors high-volume
economies of scale and supply flexibility, and gives us direct
and timely access to advanced packaging and test technologies.
We test a small portion of our products in-house.
The high-speed nature of our products makes it difficult to test
our products in a cost-effective manner prior to assembly. Since
the fabrication yields of our products have historically been
high and the costs of our packaging have historically been low,
we test our products after they are assembled. Our operations
personnel closely review the process and control and monitor
information provided to us by our foundries. To ensure quality,
we have established firm guidelines for rejecting wafers that we
consider unacceptable. To date, not testing our products prior
to assembly has not caused us to experience unacceptable
failures or yields. However, lack of testing prior to assembly
could have adverse effects if there are significant problems
with wafer processing. Additionally, for newer products and
products for which yield rates have not stabilized, we may
conduct bench testing using our personnel and equipment, which
is more expensive than fully automated testing.
In an effort to improve control, increase operational
flexibility, and lower costs, we began, in 2006, to reduce our
reliance on third party turnkey suppliers, to manage the
relationships with our other third party subcontractors who
handle our wafer assembly and test process. In addition, during
2006, we purchased and installed several pieces
of equipment at test houses to ensure we receive priority on
such equipment and to obtain lower test prices from these test
houses.
Quality
Assurance
We focus on product quality through all stages of the design and
manufacturing process. Our designs are subjected to in-depth
circuit simulation at temperature, voltage and processing
extremes before being fabricated. We pre-qualify each of our
subcontractors through an audit and analysis of the
subcontractors quality system and manufacturing
capability. We also participate in quality and reliability
monitoring through each stage of the production cycle by
reviewing data from our wafer foundries and assembly
subcontractors. We closely monitor wafer foundry production to
ensure consistent overall quality, reliability and yields. Our
independent foundries and assembly and test subcontractors have
achieved International Standards Organization (ISO) 9001
certification.
Intellectual
Property
Our success and future revenue growth will depend, in part, on
our ability to protect our intellectual property. We rely on a
combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret
laws, as well as nondisclosure agreements, licenses and methods
to protect our proprietary technologies. As of December 31,
2006, we had been issued over 80 United States patents and had
in excess of 70 United States patent applications pending. Our
U.S. issued patents expire in 2014 or later, subject to our
payment of periodic maintenance fees. We cannot assure you that
any valid patent will be issued as a result of any applications;
or, if issued, that any claims allowed will be sufficiently
broad to protect our technology; or that any patent will be
upheld in the event of a dispute. In addition, we do not file
patent applications on a worldwide basis, meaning we do not have
patent protection in some jurisdictions. We also generally
control access to, and distribution of, our documentation and
other proprietary information. Despite our precautions, it may
be possible for a third-party to copy or otherwise obtain and
use our products or technology without authorization; develop
similar technology independently; or design around our patents.
It is also possible that some of our existing or new licensing
relationships will enable other parties to use our intellectual
property to compete against us. Legal actions to enforce
intellectual property rights tend to be lengthy and expensive,
the outcome often is not predictable, and the relief available
may not compensate for the harm caused.
Our participation as a founder of the HDMI specification
requires that we grant others the right to use specific elements
of our intellectual property in implementing the HDMI
specification in their products in exchange for a license. This
license bears an annual fee and royalties that are payable to
HDMI Licensing, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours. There
can be no assurance that such license fees and royalties will
adequately compensate us for having to license our intellectual
property. The license, with restrictions, generally covers the
patent claims necessary to implement the specification of an
interface for CE devices and does not extend to the internal
methods by which such performance is created. Although HDMI is
an industry standard, we have developed proprietary methods of
implementing the HDMI specification. The intellectual property
that we have agreed to license defines the logical structure of
the interface, such as the number of signal wires, the signaling
types and the data encoding method for serial communication. Our
implementation of this logical structure in integrated circuits
remains proprietary and includes our techniques to convert data
to and from a serial stream; our signal recovery algorithms; our
implementation of audio and visual data processing; and our
circuits to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI). Third
parties may also develop intellectual property relating to HDMI
implementations that would prevent us from developing or
enhancing our HDMI specification in conflict with those rights.
Third parties may also develop equivalent or superior
implementations of the HDMI specification, and we cannot
guarantee that we will succeed in protecting our intellectual
property rights in our proprietary implementation. Third parties
may have infringed, or be infringing, our intellectual property
rights or may do so in the future, and we may not discover that
fact in a timely or cost-effective manner. Moreover, the cost of
pursuing an intellectual property infringement action may be
greater than any benefit we would realize. In addition, third
parties may not pay the prescribed license fees and royalties,
in which case we may become involved in infringement or
collection actions, or we may determine that the cost of
pursuing such matters may be greater than any benefit we would
realize. We agreed to grant rights to the HDMI Founders and
adopters of the HDMI specification in order to promote the
adoption of our technology as an industry standard. We thereby
limited our ability to rely on intellectual property law to
prevent the HDMI
Founders and adopters of the HDMI specification from using
certain specific elements of our intellectual property for
certain purposes in exchange for a portion of the specified
royalties.
Our participation in the DDWG requires that we grant others the
right to use specific elements of our intellectual property in
implementing the DVI specification in their products at no cost
in exchange for an identical right to use specific elements of
their intellectual property for this purpose. We agreed to grant
rights to the DDWG members and other adopters of the DVI
specification, in order to promote the adoption of our
technology as an industry standard. We thereby limited our
ability to rely on intellectual property law to prevent the
adopters of the DVI specification from using certain specific
elements of our intellectual property for certain purposes for
free. This reciprocal free license covers the connection between
a computer and a digital display. It does not extend, however,
to the internal methods by which such performance is created.
Although the DVI specification is an open industry standard, we
have developed proprietary methods of implementing the DVI
specification. The intellectual property that we have agreed to
license defines the logical structure of the interface, such as
the number of signal wires, the signaling types, and the data
encoding method for serial communication. Our implementation of
this logical structure in integrated circuits remains
proprietary, and includes our techniques to convert data to and
from a serial stream, our signal recovery algorithms and our
circuits to reduce EMI. Third parties may develop proprietary
intellectual property relating to DVI implementations that would
prevent us from developing or enhancing our
DVI implementation in conflict with those rights. Third
parties may also develop equivalent or superior implementations
of the DVI specification, and we cannot guarantee that we will
succeed in protecting our intellectual property rights in our
proprietary implementation. Third parties may have infringed or
be infringing our intellectual property rights or may do so in
the future, and we may not discover that fact in a timely or
cost-effective manner. Moreover, the cost of pursuing an
intellectual property infringement action may be greater than
any benefit we would realize.
We entered into a patent cross-license agreement with Intel, in
which each of us granted the other a license to use certain of
the grantors existing and future patents, including
certain future patents, with specific exclusions related to the
grantors current and anticipated future products and
network devices. Products excluded include our digital
receivers, discrete digital transmitters and discrete display
controllers, and Intels processors, chipsets, graphics
controllers and flash memory products. This cross-license does
not require delivery of any masks, designs, software or any
other item evidencing or embodying such patent rights, thus
making cloned products no easier to create. The
cross-license agreement expires when the last licensed patent
expires, anticipated to be no earlier than 2016, subject to the
right of either party to terminate the agreement earlier upon
material breach by the other party, or a bankruptcy, insolvency
or change of control of the other party. We have forfeited our
ability to rely on intellectual property law to prevent Intel
from using our patents within the scope of this license. To
date, we are not aware of any use by Intel of our patent rights
that negatively impacts our business.
Pursuant to the Unified Display Interface (UDI) Promoters
Agreement, we agreed, subject to conditions stipulated in the
agreement, to license certain specific elements of our TMDS and
panel interface logic intellectual property to adopters of the
UDI specification on a reciprocal, royalty-free basis. We agreed
to grant rights to the UDI Promoters and future adopters of
the UDI specification, in order to promote the adoption of our
technology as an industry standard. We thereby limited our
ability to rely on intellectual property law to prevent the
adopters of the UDI specification from using certain specific
elements of our intellectual property for certain purposes for
free.
The semiconductor industry is characterized by vigorous
protection and pursuit of intellectual property rights or
positions, which can result in significant, protracted
litigation. In December 2006, we settled our longstanding
litigation with Genesis Microchip, Inc. (Genesis), and in
January 2007, we filed an action against Analogix Semiconductor,
Inc (Analogix) alleging copyright infringement, misappropriation
of trade secrets, and unlawful, unfair and fraudulent business
practices. For a more detailed description of the settlement
agreement with Genesis and our lawsuit against Analogix, see
Part I, Item 3 Legal Proceedings.
Competition
The markets in which we participate are intensely competitive
and are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving
standards, short product life cycles and decreasing prices. We
believe that some of the key factors affecting competition in
our markets are levels of product integration, compliance with
industry standards,
time-to-market,
cost, product capabilities, system design costs, intellectual
property, customer support, quality and reputation.
In the consumer electronics market, our digital interface
products are used to connect new cable set-top boxes, satellite
set-top boxes, and DVD players to DTVs. These products
incorporate, HDMI with HDCP or DVI and HDCP support. Companies
competing for sales of DVI-HDCP solutions include Analog
Devices, Texas Instruments, Thine, Broadcom, Conexant, Mstar,
and Genesis. We compete for sales of HDMI products with
companies such as Hitachi, Matsushita, Philips, Sony, Thomson
and Toshiba. In addition, our video processor products face
competition from products sold by AV Science, Broadcom, Focus
Enhancements, Genesis, Mediamatics, Micronas Semiconductor,
Oplus, Philips Semiconductor, Pixelworks, ATI and Trident. We
also compete, in some instances, against in-house processing
solutions designed by large consumer electronics OEMs.
In the PC market, our products face competition from a number of
sources. We offer a number of HDMI and DVI solutions to the PC
market and we compete against several companies such as Analog
Devices, Genesis, MRT, ATI Technologies, Broadcom, Chrontel,
Conexant, National Semiconductor, nVidia, Pixelworks, SIS, Smart
ASIC, ST Microelectronics, Texas Instruments and Thine.
DisplayPort is a new digital display interface standard being
put forth by the VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association)
that defines a digital audio/video interconnect, intended to be
used primarily between a computer and its display monitor, or a
computer and a home-theater system. Several companies have
announced that they expect to introduce products based on the
DisplayPort standard including AMD, Genesis, and nVidia, and
these products may compete with our DVI and HDMI products.
Our SATA products compete with similar products from Marvell
Technology, VIA Technologies, Silicon Integrated Systems,
J-Micron, Atmel and Promise Technology. In addition, other
companies, such as APT, Intel, LSI Logic, ServerWorks and
Vitesse, have developed, or announced intentions to develop,
SATA products. We also are likely to compete against Intel,
nVidia, VIA Technologies, Silicon Integrated Systems, ATI
Technologies, and other motherboard chip-set makers which have,
or have announced intentions to integrate SATA functionality
into their chipsets.
Many of our competitors have longer operating histories and
greater presence in key markets, greater name recognition,
access to larger customer bases, and significantly greater
financial, sales and marketing, manufacturing, distribution,
technical and other resources, than we do. As a result, they may
be able to adapt more quickly to new or emerging technologies
and customer requirements, or devote greater resources to the
promotion and sale of their products. In particular,
well-established semiconductor companies, such as Analog
Devices, Intel, National Semiconductor and Texas Instruments,
and consumer electronics manufacturers, such as Hitachi,
Matsushita, Philips, Sony, Thomson and Toshiba, may compete
against us in the future. We cannot assure that we can compete
successfully against current or potential competitors, or that
competition will not seriously harm our business.
Employees
As of December 31, 2006, we had a total of 442 employees,
including 65 located outside of the United States. None of our
employees are represented by a collective bargaining agreement,
nor have we experienced any work stoppages. We consider our
relations with our employees to be good. In January, 2007 we
purchased sci-worx GmbH from Infineon Technologies AG, and as a
result of the acquisition, we added approximately 172 employees.
For a more detailed discussion about the acquisition, please
refer to
Note 11-
Subsequent Events of the notes to our Consolidated Financial
Statements. We depend on the continued service of our key
technical, sales and senior management personnel, and our
ability to attract and retain additional qualified personnel. If
we are unable to hire and retain qualified personnel, our
business will be seriously harmed.
Available
Information
Our Internet website address is
www.siliconimage.com.
We
are not including the information contained on our web site as a
part of, or incorporating it by reference into, the Annual
Report on
Form 10-K.
We make available free of charge, through our Internet website,
our Annual Report on
Form 10-K,
quarterly reports on
Form 10-Q,
current reports on
Form 8-K,
and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 as soon as reasonably practicable, after we electronically
file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and
Exchange Commission.
To receive a free copy of this
Form 10-K,
please forward your written request to Silicon Image, Inc.,
Attn: Investor Relations, 1060 East Arques Avenue, Sunnyvale,
California 94085.