ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings
We are a party to various legal proceedings, including patent infringement
litigation relating to our human growth hormone products and antibody
products, product liability litigation, licensing and contract disputes, and
other matters.
In 1990 and 1997, the Regents of the University of California, or UC, filed
patent infringement lawsuits against Genentech, alleging that the
manufacture, use and sale of our Protropin and Nutropin human growth hormone
products infringe a patent known as the "Goodman patent" that is owned by UC.
On November 19, 1999, we and UC announced a proposed settlement of those
lawsuits, and on or about December 17, 1999, the parties entered into a
definitive written agreement on the terms of the settlement. Under the terms
of the settlement, Genentech agreed to pay UC $150.0 million and agreed to
make a contribution in the amount of $50.0 million toward construction of the
first biological sciences research building at the University of California,
San Francisco Mission Bay campus, and Genentech and UC granted certain
releases to one another and dismissed with prejudice the 1990 and 1997 patent
infringement lawsuits and related appeals. Such amounts were included in
other accrued liabilities at December 31, 1999. The settlement resolves all
outstanding litigation between Genentech and UC relating to our growth
hormone products.
On May 28, 1999, GlaxoSmithKline plc, or Glaxo, filed a patent
infringement lawsuit against us in the U.S. District Court in Delaware. The
suit asserts that we infringe four U.S. patents owned by Glaxo. Two of the
patents relate to the use of specific kinds of antibodies for the treatment
of human disease, including cancer. The other two patents asserted against
us relate to preparations of specific kinds of antibodies which are made more
stable and the methods by which such preparations are made. Glaxo's
complaint fails to specify which of our products or methods of manufacture
are allegedly infringing the four patents at issue. However, we believe that
the suit relates to the manufacture, use and/or sale of our Herceptin and
Rituxan antibody products. On July 19, 1999, we filed our answer to the
complaint, and in our answer we also stated counterclaims against Glaxo. On
or about October 27, 2000, Glaxo filed a motion for summary judgment that our
Herceptin and Rituxan antibody products infringe two of the patents asserted
against us in this suit, U.S. Patent Nos. 5,545,403 and 5,545,405. On
November 21, 2000, we filed an opposition to that motion. The trial of this
suit was previously scheduled to begin January 29, 2001, but has been
rescheduled to begin April 16, 2001.
On September 14, 2000, Glaxo filed another patent infringement
lawsuit against us in the U.S. District Court in Delaware, alleging that we
are infringing U.S. Patent No. 5,633,162 owned by Glaxo. The patent relates
to specific methods for culturing Chinese Hamster Ovary cells. Glaxo's
complaint fails to specify which of our products or methods of manufacture
are allegedly infringing that patent. However, the complaint makes a general
reference to Genentech's making, using and selling "monoclonal antibodies,"
and so we believe that the suit relates to our Herceptin and Rituxan antibody
products. On October 4, 2000, we filed our answer to the complaint, and in
our answer we also stated counterclaims against Glaxo. The judge has
scheduled the trial for this suit to begin January 25, 2002. This lawsuit is
separate from and in addition to the Glaxo suit mentioned above.
We and the City of Hope National Medical Center are parties to a 1976
agreement relating to work conducted by two City of Hope employees, Arthur
Riggs and Keiichi Itakura, and patents that resulted from that work, which
are referred to as the "Riggs/Itakura Patents." Since that time, Genentech
has entered into license agreements with various companies to make, use and
sell the products covered by the Riggs/Itakura Patents. On August 13, 1999,
the City of Hope filed a complaint against us in the Superior Court in Los
Angeles County, California alleging that we owe royalties to the City of Hope
in connection with these license agreements, as well as product license
agreements that involve the grant of licenses under the Riggs/Itakura
Patents. The complaint states claims for declaratory relief, breach of
contract, breach of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and
breach of fiduciary duty. On December 15, 1999, we filed our answer to the
City of Hope's complaint, denying all the claims made by the City of Hope.
On or about December 22, 2000, City of Hope filed a dismissal of its
declaratory relief claims. On January 4, 2001, we filed a motion to dismiss
the case. The judge denied the motion on February 1, 2001, but issued a
temporary stay of proceedings to permit us to file a petition with the
appellate court. We filed our petition on February 13, 2001, which was
denied by the appellate court on February 22, 2001. The trial of this suit
has been rescheduled to begin on August 22, 2001.
On December 1, 1994, Genentech filed suit against Bio-Technology General
Corporation, or BTG, in the United States District Court in Delaware charging
BTG with infringement of two Genentech patents applicable to its human growth
hormone product. On February 28, 1995, Genentech filed an Amended Complaint
against BTG alleging infringement of an additional Genentech patent. On
January 6, 1995, BTG filed suit against Genentech in the United States
District Court for the Southern District of New York seeking declaratory
judgments that those patents and another Genentech patent are invalid and not
infringed by BTG. Genentech's suit in Delaware was then transferred to New
York and consolidated with BTG's suit there.
At the time of filing its suit and thereafter, BTG alleged various
antitrust, abuse of process, civil rights, malicious prosecution and unfair
competition claims against Genentech. All of those claims were dismissed by
the District Court.
On August 10, 1995, the District Court issued a preliminary injunction
which prohibited BTG, pending the Court's final determination of the action,
from importing, making, using, selling, offering for sale or distributing in
the United States BTG's human growth hormone products except for certain
ongoing FDA approved clinical trials. BTG filed an appeal from the District
Court's issuance of the preliminary injunction to the United States Court of
Appeals for the Federal Circuit. On April 8, 1996, the Federal Circuit
affirmed the preliminary injunction granted by the District Court. On May
20, 1996, the Federal Circuit denied BTG's petition for rehearing, and on
October 7, 1996, the United States Supreme Court declined to review the case.
In 1999, the case was transferred to a different judge of the District
Court for further proceedings. A jury trial of BTG's patent invalidity claim
began on January 10, 2000. On January 18, 2000, the jury returned a verdict
in Genentech's favor on a certain factual issue underlying BTG's invalidity
claim, but the judge nevertheless entered judgment in favor of BTG and lifted
the preliminary injunction that had been in effect against BTG since 1995.
On February 23, 2000, we filed a motion with the Federal Circuit requesting
that the injunction against BTG be reinstated pending appeal and for an
expedited appeal. On May 8, 2000, the Federal Circuit denied our motion.
Genentech and BTG each filed appeals with the Federal Circuit relating
to the proceedings in the District Court, and those appeals are now pending.
Genentech filed its appeal brief with the Federal Circuit on May 15, 2000.
BTG filed its appeal brief on July 11, 2000. In it, BTG included a request
that its antitrust claims against Genentech (which previously had been
dismissed by the District Court) be reinstated. The Federal Circuit held a
hearing on the appeals on December 4, 2000, but has not yet given a decision
on the appeals. At this time, and in the future if Genentech's appeal is not
successful, BTG could enter the United States market with its human growth
hormone product.
On June 7, 2000, Chiron Corporation filed a patent infringement suit against
us in the U.S. District Court in the Eastern District of California
(Sacramento), alleging that the manufacture, use, sale and offer for sale of
our Herceptin antibody product infringes Chiron's U.S. Patent No. 6,054,561.
This patent relates to certain antibodies that bind to breast cancer cells
and/or other cells. On August 4, 2000, we filed our answer to Chiron's
complaint, and in our answer we also stated counterclaims against Chiron.
The judge has scheduled the trial of this suit to begin June 25, 2002.
We and Pharmacia AB are parties to a 1978 agreement relating to Genentech's
development of recombinant human growth hormone products, under which
Pharmacia is obligated to pay Genentech royalties on sales of Pharmacia's
growth hormone products throughout the world. On January 5, 1999, Pharmacia
filed a request for arbitration with the International Chamber of Commerce to
resolve several disputed issues between Genentech and Pharmacia under the
agreement. One of the claims made by Pharmacia is for a refund of some of
the royalties previously paid to Genentech for sales of Pharmacia's growth
hormone products in certain countries. Although the International Chamber of
Commerce has not yet given a decision on that claim, we do not believe its
decision is likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial
position, result of operations or cash flows.
Based upon the nature of the claims made and the information available to
date to us and our counsel through investigations and otherwise, we believe
the outcome of these actions is not likely to have a material adverse effect
on our financial position, result of operations or cash flows. However, were
an unfavorable ruling to occur in any quarterly period, there exists the
possibility of a material impact on the operating results of that period.
In addition to the above, in April 1999, we paid $50.0 million to settle a
federal investigation relating to our past clinical, sales and marketing
activities associated with human growth hormone.