Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers.
Not applicable.
Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable.
Not applicable.
Item 3. Key Information.
We prepared the audited consolidated financial statements included in this annual report (Consolidated Financial Statements) in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles in the United States of America which we refer to as U.S. GAAP.
For
your convenience, we have translated some of the financial information contained in this annual report from euros into United States dollars ("U.S. dollars" or "$"). Except where
indicated otherwise, we have used an assumed rate of €1 = $1.3538 for these convenience translations. This rate represents the noon buying rate for euros on December 31,
2004, in New York City as certified by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York for customs purposes. Our convenience translations do not mean that the dollar amounts actually
represent the underlying euro amounts or that you can convert the euro amounts into dollars at the assumed rate. The rate we used for the convenience translations also differs from the currency
exchange rates we used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
We have derived the selected consolidated financial data presented in the table below from our audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended
December 31, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2001, and 2000. You should read the table together with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the discussion in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and
Prospects."
2
Year Ended December 31,
2004
1
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
(in millions, except for ordinary share amounts)
Income Statement Data:
Revenues
$
192,319
€142,059
€136,437
€147,368
2
€150,386
2
€160,278
2
Income (loss) before financial income
6,244
4,612
3,388
3
3,719
2
(1,807
)
2
4,170
2
Income (loss) from continuing operations and before extraordinary items and cumulative effects of changes in accounting principles
3,338
2,466
(418
)
4,795
2
(763
)
2
2,443
2
Basic earnings (loss) per share
3.29
2.43
(0.41
)
4.76
2
(0.76
)
2
2.44
2
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
3.29
2.43
(0.41
)
4.74
2
(0.76)
2
2.43
2
Income from discontinued operations
14
82
101
22
Income on disposal of discontinued operations
882
Total income from discontinued operations including net gain on disposals
896
82
101
22
Basic earnings per share
0.88
0.08
0.10
0.02
Diluted earnings per share
0.88
0.08
0.10
0.02
Net income (loss)
3,338
2,466
448
4,718
(662
)
7,894
4
Basic earnings (loss) per share
3.29
2.43
0.44
4.68
(0.66
)
7.87
4
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
3.29
2.43
0.44
4.67
(0.66
)
7.80
4
Balance Sheet Data (end of period):
Total assets
$
247,334
€182,696
€178,268
€187,327
€207,410
€199,274
Short-term financial liabilities
46,202
34,128
28,255
30,499
34,409
35,840
Long-term financial liabilities
57,526
42,492
47,435
48,784
56,966
48,943
Capital stock
3,565
2,633
2,633
2,633
2,609
2,609
Stockholders' equity
45,408
33,541
34,481
35,004
39,037
42,422
Other Data:
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
Basic
1,012.8
1,012.8
1,012.7
1,008.3
1,003.2
1,003.2
Diluted
1,014.5
1,014.5
1,012.7
1,013.9
1,003.2
1,013.9
1
We
converted the amounts in this column from euros into dollars solely for your convenience at an exchange rate of €1 = $1.3538, the noon buying
rate for euros on December 31, 2004. Please note that the convenience translation is not required by U.S. GAAP and, accordingly, our auditors have not audited these converted dollar amounts.
2
We
have adjusted prior year figures to exclude discontinued operations. Please refer to Note 10 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of
discontinued operations.
3
We
reclassified a dilution gain of €24 million from "Other income" to "Financial income (expense), net."
4
Net
income for 2000 includes €5,516 million of extraordinary gains from the disposals of businesses.
Dividends
The following table shows the annual dividends we paid on our ordinary shares for the years 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003. The table also discloses the dividend
amount per ordinary share for 2004 which our supervisory board and our board of management plan to propose to our stockholders. We will ask our stockholders for approval at the annual general meeting
scheduled for April 6, 2005. For each of the years presented, the table shows the dividend amount paid in euros and the dollar equivalent.
The
table does not reflect tax credits that may be available to German taxpayers who receive dividend payments. If you own our ordinary shares and if you are a U.S. resident, please
refer to "Taxation" in "Item
3
10.
Additional Information" for a discussion of potential German and United States federal income tax consequences resulting from any dividends you may receive from us.
Year Ended
December 31,
Dividend Paid
Per Ordinary
Share
1
2000
€2.35
$
2.08
2001
1.00
0.88
2002
1.50
1.61
2003
1.50
1.81
2004 (proposed)
€1.50
$
1.95
1
We
have translated the euro dividend amount proposed for 2004 into dollars solely for your convenience at an exchange rate of €1 = $1.2981, the noon
buying rate for euros on February 14, 2005. The U.S. dollar amounts for prior years reflect the dollar amounts actually paid to those shareholders who received their dividends in U.S. dollars.
For additional information on our dividends, please refer to the discussion under the heading "Dividend Policy" in "Item 8. Financial
Information."
Exchange Rate Information
The following table shows average, high and low noon buying rates.
Year
Average
1
(in $ per €)
2000
0.9207
2001
0.8909
2002
0.9495
2003
1.1411
2004
1.2478
2004
High
Low
July
1.2437
1.2032
August
1.2368
1.2025
September
1.2417
1.2052
October
1.2783
1.2271
November
1.3288
1.2703
December
1.3625
1.3224
2005
January
1.3476
1.2954
February (through February 14, 2005)
1.3017
1.2773
1
This
column shows the average of the noon buying rates on the last business day of each month during the relevant year.
On February 14, 2005, the noon buying rate for €1 was $1.2981.
Fluctuations
in the exchange rate between the euro and the dollar will affect the dollar equivalent of the euro price of our ordinary shares on the German stock exchanges. Accordingly,
exchange rate fluctuations are likely to affect the market price of our ordinary shares on the New York Stock Exchange. Exchange rate fluctuations may also affect the amount of any cash dividend we
pay if you receive the dividend in dollars rather than in euros. You can find a more detailed discussion of how you may receive your dividends in
4
dollars
under the heading "Memorandum and Articles of Association Dividends" in "Item 10. Additional Information."
Please
refer to "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and "Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" for information on how exchange rate
fluctuations affect our businesses and operations. In these sections, you can also find a discussion of the hedging techniques we use to manage our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations.
RISK FACTORS
Many factors could affect our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations. We are subject to various risks resulting from changing economic,
political, social, industry, business and financial conditions, particularly in our primary markets, North America and Europe. The principal risks are described below.
Economic
A slow-down in economic growth throughout the world could lead to a decline in demand in our primary markets and, as a result,
may significantly adversely affect our profitability and cash flows and delay our strategic expansion plans.
A
decline in consumer demand, in particular in our primary markets, the United States and Western Europe, could significantly adversely affect our profitability and cash flows and our
strategic expansion plans.
A
decline in U.S. domestic consumer demand could negatively affect our commercial vehicles and passenger car sales in the United States. Any of several factors could contribute to such a
decline. Aside from cyclical declines in the U.S. economy, the U.S. economy increasingly requires significant capital inflow from non-U.S. investors to finance its large current account
deficit. A pronounced decline in demand for U.S. dollar denominated investments, which could be intensified by further depreciation of the U.S. dollar against selected world currencies, could force
the United States to raise its key interest rates, thereby negatively affecting both consumer consumption and capital investment.
A
decline in the U.S. economy could trigger a drop in economic growth in Western Europe. Since many Western European economies, including in particular Germany, depend on exports of
products and services to other markets, a continued weak U.S. dollar may also reduce demand for European goods and services in the United States, thereby negatively affecting European economies.
Moreover, any of several domestic factors, such as the structural weakness of the German economy, could independently trigger a decline in Western European economies. Since we sell a significant
percentage of our Mercedes-Benz passenger cars and our Mercedes-Benz and Setra commercial vehicles in these markets, a downturn in the Western European economies would have a
negative impact on demand for our vehicles.
Since
we derive substantial revenues from the United States and Western Europe, the occurrence of any of these events may significantly adversely affect our future sales, operating
results and cash flows. In addition, international geopolitical and military instability, the continuing war on terrorism, concern about potential terrorist attacks and fear of a renewed stock market
decline continue to threaten consumer and investor confidence in these and other markets.
Continued
rising energy costs or sustained high energy prices, especially for crude oil, could significantly influence worldwide consumer spending, and thus may adversely impact
automotive sales. Rising energy costs can lead to a shift to smaller, lighter, more fuel-efficient cars, which generally provide a lower gross margin than larger vehicles, as well as
deferral of purchases. For a discussion of the risks associated with higher prices for raw materials, please see the discussion below under the heading "Industry and Business."
A
recession in the Japanese economy, caused by weaker exports and a drop in domestic demand, could not only reduce sales of passenger cars of our Mercedes Car Group in the Japanese
market, but could also negatively affect the business of our subsidiary Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation.
5
An
important feature of our long-term strategic plan for growth is our expansion in other Asian markets. An economic decline in Asia, particularly an economic downturn in
China, could delay that expansion and could adversely impact our existing activities in these markets. Moreover, deteriorating economic conditions in Asia, especially if coupled with depreciating
Asian currencies, could lead Asian competitors with excess capacity to intensify their efforts to export vehicles to North America and Western Europe. This would not only intensify competition for
market share, but also increase further the existing pressure on margins within the automotive industry.
We
also maintain production facilities and sales and finance companies in other regions of the world which may be affected by local and regional adverse economic and political
developments. Some of these countries may experience severe economic contraction or currency fluctuation, which could adversely affect our production facilities as well as demand in those and
neighboring countries. For example, our Commercial Vehicles segment maintains production facilities and sells significant numbers of vehicles in Turkey and in several South American countries, some of
which have experienced such conditions in the recent past.
Apart
from general economic conditions, the political and regulatory environment in the markets in which we operate also affects our sales. More stringent legislation on emissions and
fuel consumption, regulations on energy prices or luxury or other taxes could affect our growth in different product segments, and thus our profitability and cash flows. In addition, a discord in
international trade relations and the use of tariff or non-tariff trade barriers could negatively affect our global sales and procurement activities.
Industry and Business
Overcapacity and intense competition in the automotive industry may accelerate pricing pressure and force further cost
reductions.
Intense
price competition and overcapacity in the automotive industry could force manufacturers of passenger cars and commercial vehicles to decrease production, reduce capacity or
increase sales incentives. Any of these actions would increase our costs and reduce our revenues. Sales incentives in the new vehicle business also influence the price level of used vehicles and thus
the continued use or further increase of sales incentives could result in a decline in resale prices of used vehicles.
In
addition, if we are unable to continue to provide competitive sales incentives, customers may elect to purchase competitors' products and our future profitability may suffer. The
revenues and operating results of the Chrysler Group are particularly sensitive to sales incentives because consumers in the U.S. and Canadian automotive markets have come to expect them. Sales
incentives may become more relevant in West European markets as well.
Risks arising from our leasing and sales financing business may adversely affect our future operating results and cash flows.
The financial services we offer in connection with the sale of vehicles involve several risks, including increased refinancing cost, and the potential inability
to recover our investments in leased vehicles and to collect our sales financing receivables. If any of these risks materialize, our future operating results, financial condition and cash flows could
be adversely affected. For instance, our ability to recover our investments in leased vehicles may deteriorate as a result of a decline in resale prices of used vehicles. Our ability to collect our
sales financing receivables could be negatively impacted by consumer and dealer insolvencies.
Sales
incentives, which have become an integral part of sales promotion, have, among other things, the effect of reducing new vehicle prices. Their continued use means that resale prices
of used vehicles and the carrying value of leased vehicles may experience further downward pressure. In addition, a decline in resale prices of used vehicles could also negatively affect the
collateral value of our sales financing and finance lease receivables.
6
Please
refer to "Critical Accounting Policies" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" for additional information on how we account for our leasing and sales financing
business and how sales incentives could affect this business.
Our future profitability will depend on the ability to offer competitive prices while maintaining a high level of quality.
Product quality significantly influences the consumer's decision to purchase passenger cars and commercial vehicles. Reductions in our product quality could
severely tarnish our image as a manufacturer and thereby negatively affect our future sales and, as a consequence, our future operating results and cash flows. Consumers, however, increasingly react
more sensitively to pricing, which may result in continued or intensified pricing pressures which may limit our ability to pass price increases through to customers. Our attempts to reduce costs along
the automotive value chain may place additional cost and pricing pressure on suppliers, which can also negatively affect product quality.
Additionally,
component parts or assembly defects could require us to undertake service actions and recall campaigns, or even to develop new technical solutions requiring regulatory
certification prior to implementation. We may need to expend considerable resources for these remediation measures, resulting in higher accruals for new warranties issued and expenses in excess of
accrued liabilities for product guarantees previously issued.
Pressure on the commodities markets could negatively impact our profitability.
The rising demand in the worldwide commodities markets for raw materials that we use in our production process, such as steel and petroleum-based products, have
led to price increases in such materials. For example, steel prices in 2004 increased significantly due to increased worldwide demand. Continued high prices or further price increases for raw
materials, in particular for steel, will lead to higher production costs that could in turn negatively impact our future operating results, profitability and cash flows because we may not be able to
pass all of those costs on to our customers.
Our future success depends on our ability to offer new innovative products and meet consumer demand.
Meeting consumer demand with new vehicles developed over increasingly shorter product development cycle times is critical to the success of automobile
manufacturers. Our ability to strengthen our position within our traditional product and market segments through research and development of innovative products and services while expanding into
additional market segments with innovative new products will play an important role in determining our future success. A general shift in consumer preference towards smaller, lower-margin vehicles,
which could result from, among other things, government regulations, environmental concerns and increasing fuel prices, could have a negative effect on our profitability. Potential delays in bringing
new vehicles to market, the inability to achieve defined efficiency targets without suffering from quality losses and the lack of market acceptance of our new models would adversely affect our
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We are subject to legal proceedings and environmental and other government regulations.
A negative outcome in one or more of our pending legal proceedings could adversely affect our future financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Please refer to the discussion under the heading "Legal Proceedings" in "Item 8. Financial Information" for further information.
The
automotive industry is subject to extensive government regulations worldwide. Laws in various jurisdictions regulate occupant safety and the environmental impact of vehicles,
including emission levels, fuel economy and noise, as well as the levels of pollutants generated by the plants that produce them. The cost of compliance with these regulations is significant, and we
expect to incur higher compliance costs in the future. New legislation may subject us to additional expense in the future, which could be significant.
7
Risks arising from contingent obligations could affect us adversely.
We sometimes provide guarantees for third party liabilities, principally in connection with liabilities of our non-consolidated affiliated companies,
and performance guarantees related to the contractual performance of joint ventures, non-incorporated companies, partnerships and project groups. These liability and performance guarantees
may expose us to financial risk. For example, our subsidiary DaimlerChrysler Services AG, together with Deutsche Telekom AG and Compagnie Financiere et Industrielle des Autoroutes S.A. (Cofiroute),
has contracted with the Federal Republic of Germany to develop, install and operate a system for electronic collection of tolls from all commercial vehicles over 12 metric tons gross vehicle weight
using German highways. Toll Collect GmbH, a German limited liability company in which DaimlerChrysler Services holds a 45% interest, is the principal builder and operator of the system. In the
agreement with the Federal Republic of Germany, the consortium members have undertaken guarantees supporting the obligations of Toll Collect GmbH towards the Federal Republic of Germany relating to
the completion and successful operation of the toll collection system and for funding Toll Collect GmbH. The consortium members are jointly and severally liable with respect to most of these
guarantees and obligations. The original deadline for completion of the system was August 31, 2003, but technical difficulties delayed completion, which exposes the consortium members to
financial risk. The system commenced operations on January 1, 2005, with slightly reduced functionality. As a result of the guarantees and other obligations DaimlerChrysler Services undertook
as one of the consortium members, our future operating results and cash flows may be materially adversely affected by penalties, damage claims and losses associated with the underperformance of the
system or a delayed introduction of additional system features. For further information concerning this agreement, please refer to the discussion under the heading "Off-Balance Sheet
Arrangements Obligations under guarantees" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
Financial
We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates and interest rates.
Our businesses, operations and reported financial results and cash flows are exposed to a variety of market risks, including the effects of changes in the
exchange rates of the U.S. dollar, the euro and other world currencies. In addition, in order to manage the liquidity and cash needs of our day-to-day operations, we hold a
variety of interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities. We also hold a substantial volume of interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities in connection with our lease and sales financing
business. Changes in currency exchange rates and interest rates can have substantial adverse effects on our operating results and cash flows. For example, the continued strength of the euro against
the U.S. dollar and other world currencies could significantly adversely affect our operating results and cash flows because a significant portion of our business, primarily in the case of the
Mercedes Car Group, depends in part on export sales to the United States. As the U.S. dollar declines, it becomes more expensive for consumers in the United States to purchase foreign-made
vehicles and sales of those vehicles will likely decline. For more information on how changes in exchange rates and interest rates may impact our operating results and cash flows, please refer to the
discussion under the heading
"Introduction" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and to the discussion about market risk in "Item 11. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk."
Downgrades of our long-term debt ratings increase our cost of capital and may negatively affect our businesses.
Downgrades by rating agencies may increase our cost of capital and, as a result, could negatively affect our businesses, especially our leasing and sales
financing business which is typically financed with a high proportion of debt.
8
For a more detailed description of our credit ratings, please refer to the discussion under the heading "Liquidity and Capital Resources" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and
Prospects."
We depend on the issuance of term debt to manage liquidity, and declines in our operating performance may limit our ability to issue such
debt.
To
manage the liquidity of the Group, we depend on the issuance of term debt, principally in the U.S. and European capital markets. Declines in our operating performance and changes in
demand for this type of debt instrument could increase our borrowing costs or otherwise limit our ability to fund operations, either of which would negatively affect our operating results and cash
flows.
The carrying value of our non-controlling equity interests in other companies depends on the ability of those companies to operate their businesses
profitably.
We
hold non-controlling equity interests in various companies. Most notably, we hold a significant investment in the European Aeronautic and Defence and Space Company EADS
N.V. (EADS). Any factors negatively affecting the profitability of the businesses of these companies may adversely affect our ability to recover the full amount of our investments. If we account for
those companies using the equity method of accounting, as we do with respect to EADS, such factors may also affect our proportionate share in their future operating results. For information on how we
account for our investment in EADS, please refer to "Critical Accounting Policies" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects." For additional information about our significant equity
method investments, please refer to Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
We may need to make significant cash contributions or increase accruals with respect to the funding of our pension and other post-retirement benefit
plans.
Our
pension and other post-retirement obligations are significant and are partially unfunded. The funded status of our off-balance sheet pension and other
post-retirement benefit plans is subject to changes in actuarial and other related assumptions and to actual developments.
These
developments, such as a significant change in the performance of plan assets or a change in the portfolio mix of plan assets, can result in corresponding decreases in the valuation
of plan assets, particularly with respect to equity securities. Lower plan assets or a change in the rate of expected return on plan assets can result in higher net periodic pension and other
post-retirement benefit costs in the following year.
In
addition, pension and other post-retirement benefit plan valuation assumptions could have an effect on the funded status of our plans. Even small changes in assumptions,
such as discount rates, rates for compensation increase, mortality rates, retirement rates, health care cost trend rates and other factors, may lead to significant increases in the value of the
respective obligations, which would affect the reported funded status of our plans and, as a consequence, could negatively affect the net periodic pension and other post-retirement benefit costs in
the following year.
Please
refer to the discussions under the headings "Critical Accounting Policies" and "Liquidity and Capital Resources" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" as well
as to Note 25a to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on pension and other post-retirement benefit accounting.
Item 4. Information on the Company.
INTRODUCTION
Organization
The legal and commercial name of our company is DaimlerChrysler AG. It is a stock corporation organized under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany and was
incorporated on May 6, 1998. Our registered office is at Epplestrasse 225, 70567 Stuttgart, Germany, telephone +49-711-17-0. Our agent for U.S.
9
federal
securities law purposes is DaimlerChrysler North America Holding Corporation, located at 1000 Chrysler Drive, Auburn Hills, MI 48326-2766.
History
On May 7, 1998, Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft and Chrysler Corporation entered into an agreement to combine their businesses. The
stockholders of each company approved the agreement on September 18, 1998. Chrysler became a wholly owned subsidiary of DaimlerChrysler AG through a merger transaction completed on
November 12, 1998. In the merger, Chrysler shareholders received ordinary shares of DaimlerChrysler AG. The combination also involved a contemporaneous exchange offer in which
Daimler-Benz stockholders exchanged more than 98% of their Daimler-Benz ordinary shares for DaimlerChrysler AG ordinary shares. Daimler-Benz was then merged into
DaimlerChrysler AG on December 21, 1998. Accordingly, DaimlerChrysler AG is the successor corporation to Daimler-Benz AG and we comprise the respective businesses, stockholder
groups, managements and other constituencies of Chrysler and Daimler-Benz.
Business Summary and Developments
DaimlerChrysler AG is the ultimate parent company of the DaimlerChrysler Group. The Group develops, manufactures, distributes and sells a wide range of automotive
products, mainly passenger cars, light trucks and commercial vehicles. We also provide financial and other services relating to our automotive business. We have four primary business segments. Our
fifth segment, Other Activities, comprises all other businesses and investments in businesses not allocated to one of our primary business segments. Our segments are:
Mercedes Car Group
Chrysler Group
Commercial Vehicles
Services
Other Activities
We
offer our automotive products and related financial services primarily in Europe and in the NAFTA region, which consists of the United States, Canada and Mexico. We have also taken
significant steps towards increasing further our presence in the Asian markets. In 2004, we increased our interest in the Japanese truck manufacturer Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation from 43%
to 65% and entered into two joint venture agreements with Chinese partners relating to the possible production of passenger cars and vans in China. Both joint venture agreements require further
approval by the relevant Chinese authorities. Approximately 45% of our 2004 revenues derived from sales in the United States, 16% from sales in Germany and 18% from sales in other countries of the
European Union. In line with our strategy of concentrating on the automotive business and related services, we disposed of several non-core business assets and expanded our core automotive
activities over the past several years. These transactions include the following:
MMC.
In 2004, we reevaluated our 37% equity investment in Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (MMC). On April 22, 2004, our
board of management and our supervisory board decided not to provide further financial support to MMC. In the second quarter of 2004, MMC, together with its other shareholders, established a
restructuring plan, which led to changes in the capital and shareholder structure of MMC as well as to changes in the composition of MMC's board of directors and management. In this context, a new
investor acquired a 33.3% interest in the voting stock of MMC and received significant - contractually guaranteed - managerial rights. As a consequence, our interest in the
voting stock of MMC was diluted from 37.0% to 24.7%, our representation on MMC's board of directors was significantly reduced, and we no longer have the ability to exercise significant influence over
the operating and financial policies of MMC. These changes were approved at the annual shareholders' meeting on June 29, 2004, and following that meeting we ceased to account for our investment
in MMC using the equity method of accounting and classified our investment in MMC as an
10
investment
in related companies, accounted for at fair value. Since then our equity interest has been further diluted. As of December 31, 2004, we held 19.7% of the share capital of MMC.
MFTBC.
In January 2003, MMC spun off its"Fuso Truck and Bus" division, creating Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus
Corporation (MFTBC). In March 2003, we (DaimlerChrysler AG) acquired from MMC a non-controlling 43% interest in MFTBC for €764 million in cash plus certain
direct acquisition costs. Ten Mitsubishi Group companies, including Mitsubishi Corporation, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, entered into a separate share sale and purchase
agreement with MMC pursuant to which they agreed to purchase from MMC a total of 15% of MFTBC's shares for approximately €266 million in cash. On March 18, 2004, we
(DaimlerChrysler AG) acquired from MMC an additional 22% interest in MFTBC for €394 million in cash, thereby reducing MMC's interest in MFTBC to a non-controlling
20% interest. The aggregate amount we paid for the 65% controlling interest in MFTBC was €1,251 million consisting of consideration paid plus direct acquisition costs in 2003
and 2004 (€770 million and €394 million, respectively). We also re-allocated a €87 million portion of the initial
purchase price for our interest in MMC and previously included in our investment in MMC to the acquisition costs of MFTBC. We have included the consolidated results of MFTBC in our Commercial Vehicles
segment since March 31, 2004, with a one-month time lag. Prior to March 31, 2004, we accounted for our proportionate share in MFTBC's results in the Commercial Vehicles
segment using the equity method of accounting.
HMC.
In June 2001, we (DaimlerChrysler AG) entered into a commercial vehicle joint venture agreement with Hyundai
Motor Company (HMC). In a first phase, we and HMC established DaimlerHyundai Truck Corporation (DHTC), of which we and HMC each owned 50%. We formed DHTC to produce and distribute engines and engine
parts and we anticipated starting production in mid-2004. The commercial vehicle joint venture agreement with HMC also included an option for us to acquire 50% of the commercial vehicle
business of HMC for approximately €400 million. Pursuant to this option, which we exercised in December 2002, we intended that HMC would contribute its entire commercial
vehicle business into a new legal entity.
In
May 2004, as part of the realignment of our strategic alliance with HMC, we terminated discussions with HMC regarding the formation of the commercial vehicles joint venture.
Also in May 2004, we sold our non-controlling 50% interest in DHTC to HMC for a total pre-tax gain of €60 million. In August 2004, we sold
our 10.5% stake in HMC for €737 million in cash, resulting in a pre-tax gain of €252 million that is included in financial income (expense),
net.
Beijing Benz-DaimlerChrysler Automotive Co. Ltd.
In November 2004, we (DaimlerChrysler AG and
DaimlerChrysler (China) Ltd.), agreed upon an amended and re-stated joint venture contract with Beijing Automotive Industry Holding Co. Ltd. (BAIC) to expand the existing
joint venture Beijing Jeep Corporation, Ltd. and to rename the expanded joint venture Beijing Benz-DaimlerChrysler Automotive Co. Ltd. (BBDCA). As agreed in the joint venture
contract, we intend to make a capital contribution of $105 million to BBDCA and then to hold a 50% equity interest in this company. This joint venture is still under review and subject to the
approval of the relevant Chinese authorities. Once the approval is obtained, BBDCA will manufacture and sell under our license Mercedes-Benz C-Class and E-Class
passenger cars. BBDCA continues to produce and sell passenger cars under license agreements with our subsidiary DaimlerChrysler Corporation and with Mitsubishi Motors Corporation. We expect production
of Mercedes-Benz C- and E-Class passenger cars to begin in the second half of 2005 with a capacity of 20,000 vehicles per year.
DaimlerChrysler Vans (China) Ltd.
In November 2004, DaimlerChrysler Vans Hong Kong Ltd., a company in
which we hold a majority equity interest, and Fujian Industry Group Corporation agreed upon a joint venture contract to establish DaimlerChrysler Vans (China) Ltd. (DCVC). As agreed in the
joint venture contract, once the company is established, we intend to make a capital contribution of €54 million to DCVC and then to hold a 50% equity interest in this company.
This joint venture is still under review and subject to approval by the relevant Chinese authorities. Once approval is obtained, we plan for DCVC to manufacture and sell under our license
Mercedes-Benz Vito/Viano and Sprinter vans. We expect production of these vans to commence in the second half of 2006 with a capacity of 40,000 units per year.
11
MTU Aero Engines.
On December 31, 2003, we sold MTU Aero Engines GmbH and its subsidiaries to the investment company
Kohlberg, Kravis and Roberts & Co. Ltd. (KKR) for €1,450 million, consisting of €1,052 million in cash and net debt of
€398 million which KKR assumed. We further agreed to provide a vendor loan to KKR in the amount of €175 million, reducing our cash proceeds from the
transaction to €877 million. The sale of MTU Aero Engines also triggered a compensation payment of $250 million to United Technologies Corporation, the parent company of
Pratt & Whitney, which we paid in January 2004. This compensation payment released us from financial obligations which we had undertaken in order to facilitate a pre-existing
strategic alliance between MTU Aero Engines and Pratt & Whitney. As required by U.S. GAAP, we classified and are reporting the results of MTU Aero Engines and the gain on the sale of this
business as discontinued operations in our consolidated statements of income.
Global Engine Alliance.
DaimlerChrysler Corporation, HMC, and MMC have (directly or through wholly owned subsidiaries) formed
joint ventures to develop and engineer through HMC, and jointly manufacture (in the United States) a family of world-class in-line four cylinder gasoline engines. Each of the three
companies will utilize the same base engine in some of its future vehicles and will work with the other two to reduce the cost of the engine, improve quality and maximize production efficiencies. HMC
and MMC will manufacture engines in production facilities in Korea and Japan, respectively, while the joint ventures will own and operate the production facility in the United States. HMC commenced
manufacture of the engine in 2004. Engine production is scheduled to commence in the United States for Chrysler in 2005 and MMC in 2006.
Sale of capital services portfolios.
In an effort to refocus our financing and leasing portfolios on the automotive sector,
which is our core business, we disposed of several non-automotive financial assets in 2002, 2003, and 2004. Most importantly, during 2002 we sold substantial portions of our commercial
real estate and asset-based lending portfolios to GE Capital and other financial services providers for an aggregate amount of €1.3 billion. In October 2002, we concluded
further agreements to sell additional portions of our capital services portfolio. We completed these sales in 2003 for proceeds of €0.3 billion. Minor dispositions occurred in
2004.
Sale of debis Systemhaus.
In October 2000, our subsidiary DaimlerChrysler Services AG combined its information
technology activities with those of Deutsche Telekom AG in a joint venture. As part of the transaction,
Deutsche Telekom contributed €4.6 billion in cash to our information technology subsidiary debis Systemhaus in exchange for a 50.1% controlling interest in that company. In
2001, debis Systemhaus was renamed T-Systems ITS. In January 2002, we exercised our option to sell our 49.9% interest in T-Systems ITS to Deutsche Telekom for
€4.7 billion. We consummated the sale in March 2002.
Sale of Temic.
In April 2001, we sold a 60% interest in TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH (now known as Conti
Temic microelectronic GmbH) and its subsidiaries to Continental AG for proceeds of €398 million. The sale agreement provided Continental with the option to purchase our 40%
interest, and gave us the option to sell our 40% interest to Continental. On April 1, 2002, we exercised our option and sold our 40% interest to Continental for
€215 million.
For
additional information on these transactions and a discussion of changes in revenues, please refer to "Operating Results" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
For additional information on acquisitions and dispositions of businesses during the last three years, please refer to Notes 3 and 4 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Net
income from continuing operations was €2.5 billion in 2004 compared to a net loss from continuing operations of €0.4 billion in 2003.
Basic and diluted earnings per ordinary share (from continuing operations) were €2.43 in 2004, compared to basic and diluted loss per ordinary share of €0.41 in 2003.
Total
net income was €2.5 billion in 2004 compared to total net income of €0.4 billion in 2003. Basic and diluted earnings per ordinary
share were €2.43 in 2004, while in 2003 basic and diluted earnings per ordinary share were €0.44.
12
For
additional information on our financial performance, please refer to "Item 3. Key Information" and "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
Our
aggregate capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment were €6.4 billion in 2004, €6.6 billion in 2003 and
€7.1 billion in 2002. In 2004, the United States and Germany accounted for 40% and 37% of these capital expenditures, respectively. Expenditures on operating leases were
€17.7 billion in 2004, higher than in the prior year (2003: €15.6 billion; 2002: €17.7 billion). For information on our capital
expenditures by business segment, please refer to "Description of Business Segments" below.
As
of December 31, 2004, we had 1,012,824,191 ordinary shares outstanding and approximately 1.7 million stockholders. Our ordinary shares trade on various stock exchanges
throughout the world, including the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.
Significant Subsidiaries
The following table shows the significant subsidiaries DaimlerChrysler AG owned, directly or indirectly, as of December 31, 2004:
Name of Company
Percentage
Owned
DaimlerChrysler North America Holding Corporation, Auburn Hills, MI, a Delaware corporation
100.0
DaimlerChrysler North America Finance Corporation, Newark, DE, a Delaware corporation
100.0
DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC, Auburn Hills, MI, a Delaware limited liability company
100.0
DaimlerChrysler Corporation, Auburn Hills, MI, a Delaware corporation
100.0
DaimlerChrysler Services North America LLC, Farmington Hills, MI, a Michigan limited liability company
100.0
DaimlerChrysler Services AG, registered in Berlin, Germany
100.0
smart gmbh, registered in Böblingen, Germany
100.0
DaimlerChrysler
AG owns 100% of DaimlerChrysler North America Holding Corporation, DaimlerChrysler Services AG and smart gmbh. DaimlerChrysler North America Holding Corporation owns 100%
of DaimlerChrysler North America Finance Corporation and 100% of DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC. DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC owns 100% of DaimlerChrysler Corporation. DaimlerChrysler
Corporation owns 100% of DaimlerChrysler Services North America LLC.
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS SEGMENTS
Mercedes Car Group
The Mercedes Car Group designs, produces and sells Mercedes-Benz passenger cars, Maybach high-end luxury sedans and smart compact
passenger cars. In 2004, the Mercedes Car Group contributed approximately 33% of our revenues. In 2004, Mercedes Car Group began a broad quality offensive. In early February 2005, we announced
a comprehensive program designed to improve efficiency and increase earnings.
Mercedes-Benz.
Our Mercedes-Benz passenger cars are world-renowned for
innovative technology, highest levels of comfort, quality, safety, and pioneering design. The availability of individual models differs by geographic market. The Mercedes-Benz passenger
car product range consists of the following classes:
S-Class.
S-Class full-size luxury sedans range from the S 350 to the S 600. In addition
to various gasoline-powered models, two diesel engine versions with common-rail technology - the S 320 CDI and the S 400 CDI - and three models with
permanent all-wheel drive - the S 350 4MATIC, the S 430 4MATIC and the S 500 4MATIC - are currently available. A sportier version, the S 55 AMG completes the
line-up
.
We expect to launch the successor model of the current S-Class in the second half of 2005.
13
The
CL-Class is a top-of-the-line two-door coupe derived from the S-Class platform. The CL coupes combine superior
driving performance, comfort and state-of-the-art technology. Customers can choose among three models - the CL 500, the CL 600, and the CL 55 AMG.
Our
renowned SL convertible models are available in four variants - the SL 350, the SL 500, the SL 600 and the SL 55 AMG. They all feature a retractable hard top, an
electronic braking system, and an active suspension system.
In
the first half of 2004, we launched a new high performance Mercedes-Benz sports car, the SLR. McLaren Cars Ltd., a subsidiary of McLaren Group Ltd. in which
we hold a 40% interest, produces the SLR.
E-Class.
The E-Class is a line of luxury sedans and station wagons. E-Class sedans are
available in five gasoline engine versions ranging from the E 200 to the E 55 AMG and six common-rail diesel engine versions. Three models are available with permanent
all-wheel drive the E 240 4MATIC, the E 320 4MATIC and the E 500 4MATIC. E-Class station wagons are available in five gasoline engine versions, ranging from the E
200 Compressor to the E 55 AMG, and in four common-rail diesel engine versions.
In
October 2004, we introduced a new four-door coupe, the CLS. The CLS is an innovative vehicle concept with a highly emotive design and leading-edge
technology. It is based on the E-Class platform and is available as a CLS 350 and a CLS 500. A more powerful AMG version and a diesel version are expected to be available in 2005.
C-Class.
The C-Class is a line of compact luxury sedans and station wagons. We offer seven gasoline
engine versions and four common-rail diesel engine versions. Two models are available with permanent all-wheel drive. The C-Class sports coupe, the
SLK-Class (a two-seat roadster), the CLK coupe, and the CLK convertible complement the C-Class product family. In the spring of 2004, the C-Class sedans
and station wagons underwent an extensive facelift. The new SLK convertible was launched in 2004.
A-Class.
The A-Class is a front-wheel drive four-door hatchback. Customers can choose
from three gasoline engines of varying displacements and three diesel engines with common-rail technology. In the third quarter of 2004, we introduced the successor of the
four-door A-Class, followed by the launch of a new 2-door variant in November 2004. Together with the introduction of the all-new Compact Sports
Tourer CST (the new B-Class) in 2005, we will be able to offer new choices and a wider selection in this segment to our customers. We do not offer the A-Class in the United
States.
M-Class.
The M-Class is a line of sport-utility vehicles with permanent all-wheel-drive.
We currently offer two diesel and three gasoline engine versions. In mid-2005, we plan to launch the successor generation of the M-Class and an all-new Grand Sports
Tourer GST (the new R-Class), first in the United States and then in Europe.
G-Class.
The G-Class is a four-wheel drive cross-country vehicle that comes in a short
and a long wheelbase version and is also available as a convertible. We currently offer three gasoline engine models and two common-rail diesel engine models. The long wheelbase version of
the G 500 is also available in the United States. We expect to launch a remodeled version in 2006.
Maybach.
The prestigious Maybach brand represents a line of exclusive high-end luxury
sedans with unsurpassed luxury, comfort, and individuality.
We
introduced the first Maybach sedans in the summer of 2002. Two models are currently available, the Maybach 57 and the Maybach 62, which has a 50 cm (19.7 inches) longer wheelbase than
the Maybach 57. Customers can customize their vehicles by choosing from an extensive selection of the finest interior furnishings and materials.
smart.
The smart brand was originally synonymous for a micro-compact car specifically designed for
urban mobility and the optimal use of resources. Beginning in 2003, we transformed smart into a multi-product brand. In addition to the original fortwo, we introduced a roadster version in 2003 and
launched a four-seat, four-door model, the smart forfour, in April 2004.
14
Markets, Sales and Competition
Markets.
In 2004, the main markets for our Mercedes Car Group were Germany (32% of unit sales), the remainder of Western
Europe (35% of unit sales), the United States (18% of unit sales) and Japan (3% of unit sales). In Germany, new passenger car registrations for all manufacturers reached 3.3 million units, 1%
more than in the previous year. In Western Europe (excluding Germany), new registrations of passenger cars increased 14% to 13.8 million units.
Sales.
The following table shows the distribution of revenues and unit sales for our Mercedes Car Group segment by geographic
market since 2002:
Revenues and Unit Sales
Year Ended December 31,
2004
% change
2003
% change
2002
Revenues
1
Western Europe
30,452
-4
31,558
+2
30,940
Germany
15,760
-7
16,875
-1
16,975
Other
14,692
0
14,683
+5
13,965
NAFTA region
11,381
-4
11,848
-3
12,173
United States
10,477
-4
10,932
-3
11,257
Canada and Mexico
904
-1
916
0
916
Asia
4,778
-6
5,100
+9
4,694
Japan
1,996
-17
2,399
-2
2,438
Other
2,782
+3
2,701
+20
2,256
Other markets
3,019
+3
2,940
+24
2,363
World
49,630
-4
51,446
+3
50,170
Units
Western Europe
820,700
+1
812,900
-3
835,900
Germany
386,900
-1
390,100
-6
417,000
Other
433,800
+3
422,800
+1
418,900
NAFTA region
239,900
+2
235,400
+2
231,800
United States
222,500
+2
218,400
+2
213,700
Canada and Mexico
17,400
+2
17,000
-6
18,100
Asia
93,300
-3
96,000
+2
94,100
Japan
41,400
-10
45,800
-3
47,100
Other
51,900
+3
50,200
+7
47,000
Other markets
72,900
0
72,600
+3
70,500
World
1,226,800
+1
1,216,900
-1
1,232,300
1
€
in millions.
In 2004, worldwide unit sales of the Mercedes Car Group were 1% higher than in 2003, while revenues decreased 4% compared to the prior year. Unit
sales reached 1,226,800 units compared to 1,216,900 in the previous year. Sales of the renewed C-Class sedan were particularly strong at 228,500 units while the entire C-Class
family achieved sales of 474,800 units. The E-Class maintained its worldwide segment leadership with sales of 294,200 units in 2004, a slight decline compared to 2003. Despite continued
strong performance in its market segment, unit sales of the S-Class family, which is reaching the end of its lifecycle, declined 21% to 85,900 units.
In
Germany, unit sales of our Mercedes Car Group were 386,900 in 2004, 1% less than in 2003, while unit sales in Western Europe (excluding Germany) increased 3% to 433,800 units. In the
United States, the
15
most
important non-European market for Mercedes-Benz passenger cars, we sold 222,500 units in 2004, a 2% increase over the previous year. The continued strong sales performance
of the successful C-Class family, certain S-Class models, the E-Class station wagon and the CLK convertible supported this increase. Unit sales in Japan fell 10% to
41,400 units in a very difficult market. In the rest of Asia (excluding Japan), we were able to surpass last year's sales level by 3% at 51,900 units. Sales performance in emerging markets such as
China was especially encouraging with an increase of more than 5%. For a discussion of changes in revenues, please refer to "Operating Results" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and
Prospects."
The
following table shows, by vehicle line, the number of units sold since 2002:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2002
Units
S-Class (including CL-Class, SL-Class, Maybach, and SLR)
85,900
108,800
107,100
E-Class (including CLS-Class)
294,200
305,300
242,300
C-Class (including CLK-Class and SLK-Class)
474,800
442,100
478,300
A-Class
142,500
147,400
171,500
M-Class
70,900
81,200
102,000
G-Class
6,400
7,400
8,800
smart
152,100
124,700
122,300
Total
1,226,800
1,216,900
1,232,300
Competition.
In Western Europe, our Mercedes-Benz passenger cars principally compete with
products of BMW Group (BMW and, since January 2003, Rolls Royce), Volkswagen (Audi, Bentley, VW) and, depending on the market segment, Fiat (Lancia, Alfa Romeo, Ferrari, Maserati), Ford
(Jaguar, Aston Martin, Land Rover, Volvo), General Motors (Opel, Saab, Vauxhall), Porsche, PSA (Peugeot/Citroen), Renault and Toyota (Lexus). In the United States, our principal competitors include
BMW (BMW, Rolls Royce), Ford (Jaguar, Aston Martin, Land Rover, Lincoln, Volvo), Honda (Acura), Nissan (Infiniti), Porsche, Toyota (Lexus), Volkswagen (Audi, Bentley, VW) and, depending on the market
segment, Nissan, Toyota and certain models produced by General Motors (Cadillac, Saab). Competitors of Maybach are Rolls Royce and Bentley sedans. Principal competitors of smart are Fiat, Ford, PSA
(Peugeot/Citroen), Renault, Suzuki, Toyota (Daihatsu), BMW (new Mini) and Volkswagen (Seat, Skoda, VW).
Distribution
We distribute Mercedes-Benz passenger cars through a worldwide distribution system covering 200 countries and customs areas. The sales organization
differs by geographic market depending on local needs and requirements. At the wholesale level, we distribute Mercedes-Benz passenger cars through affiliated or independent general
distributors or through wholly owned subsidiaries. In the United States, in Canada and in major European markets we operate our own wholesale subsidiaries which we call market performance centers. In
Europe and Canada, we also operate an increasing number of retail outlets, and are in the process of establishing our own retail locations in select major European metropolitan areas. A network of
approximately 900 smart centers in 36 countries provides sales and repair services for our smart vehicles.
We
distribute our Maybach luxury vehicles through exclusive Maybach centers in Europe and Asia and selected Mercedes-Benz dealers in the United States. The Maybach centers
are outposts of our Center of Excellence at our largest passenger car production plant in Sindelfingen, Germany. We entrust the responsibility of caring for our Maybach customers only to specially
trained personal liaison managers. These managers are not only knowledgeable in all technical details relating to Maybach vehicles, but are also intimately familiar with the demanding lifestyles of
our customers which enables them to provide a maximum level of support.
16
Effective
October 2002, the European Commission adopted revised legislation concerning automotive retailing and services in the European Union. The new legislation no longer
permits territorial and brand exclusivity in automotive distribution agreements. Under the new law, independent repair shops may become authorized service partners if they meet the qualitative
criteria established by the manufacturer. Beginning in October 2005, authorized automotive retailers have the right to establish additional sales outlets anywhere in the European Union. In
light of the new legislation, we concluded new contracts with our retail partners. The new contracts establish binding qualitative standards, which we intend to enforce through audits at regular
intervals.
Capital Expenditures; Research and Development
Our Mercedes Car Group spent €2.3 billion on capital expenditures for fixed assets in 2004. Principal areas of investment were the
preparation for production of the successor models of the S-Class, the new four-door coupe CLS, the new A-Class and the new Compact Sports Tourer CST (the new
B-Class), the new M-Class and the new cross-over model Grand Sports Tourer GST (the new R-Class). Capital expenditures also included production
equipment for manufacturing new engines and transmissions. In 2004, research and development activities of the Mercedes Car Group related primarily to the development of new car models and new engines
and transmissions. The new car models under development included the successor models of the S-Class and the A-Class, the new Compact Sports Tourer CST (the new
B-Class), the successor models of the C-Class and M-Class, the Grand Sports Tourer GST (the new R-Class) and two smart models. The following table shows
the capital expenditures for fixed assets and the research and development expenditures of the Mercedes Car Group segment in the last three years:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2002
(€ in millions)
Capital expenditures for fixed assets
2,343
2,939
2,495
Research and development
2,634
2,687
2,794
Chrysler Group
Our Chrysler Group segment consists of DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC and its subsidiaries DaimlerChrysler Corporation, DaimlerChrysler Canada Inc.,
and DaimlerChrysler de Mexico S.A. de C.V., as well as other international automotive affiliates. These companies manufacture, assemble and sell cars and trucks under the brand names Chrysler,
Jeep® and Dodge. The Chrysler Group segment contributed approximately 35% of our revenues in 2004.
Products
The Chrysler Group designs, manufactures and sells vehicles under the Chrysler, Jeep® and Dodge brand names. The Chrysler and Dodge brands offer
full-size, mid-size and compact cars and standard and extended wheelbase minivans. Additionally, the Chrysler brand offers the Pacifica in the sports tourer segment and the PT
Cruiser. The Dodge brand also includes full-size and mid-size pick-up trucks, a sport-utility vehicle, full-size vans and the Dodge Magnum in the sports
tourer segment. Under the Jeep® brand, the Chrysler Group sells full-size, mid-size and compact sport utility vehicles. These vehicles are sold in the NAFTA region
and some vehicles are also sold in markets outside of NAFTA.
In
addition to producing and selling cars, trucks, and minivans, the Chrysler Group also provides its customers with parts and accessories marketed under the MOPAR® brand
name.
2004 Product Introductions.
In 2004, the Chrysler Group introduced the following nine products:
2004
Dodge Ram SRT10 Pick-up
17
2005
Chrysler Town & Country and Dodge Caravan Minivans
2005
Chrysler PT Cruiser Convertible
2005
Chrysler 300 Series
2005
Chrysler Crossfire Roadster
2004
Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited
2005
Dodge Magnum
2005
Dodge Dakota
2005
Jeep® Grand Cherokee
The
2005 Chrysler 300 Series, the Chrysler Group's newest four-door sedan, and the 2005 Dodge Magnum sports tourer are a return to rear-wheel drive. These
vehicles are offered with an optional 5.7-liter HEMI® Magnum V-8, all-speed traction control, an electronic stability program and anti-lock
brakes.
With
the 2005 Chrysler Crossfire Roadster and the 2005 Chrysler PT Cruiser Convertible, the Chrysler Group added two new convertible models in 2004. Chrysler Group's new 2005 Chrysler
Town & Country and 2005 Dodge Caravan minivans offer more than fifteen new features and safety enhancements. Among the available options is the Stow'n Go seating and storage system
which gives customers the ability to easily fold their second- and third-row seats into the floor and conveniently stow items.
The
2005 Dodge Dakota pick-up offers the only V-8 engine in the mid-size pick-up truck market. The new 2004 Dodge Ram SRT10 is powered by
the Viper V-10 engine with 500 horsepower and 525 lb.-ft. of torque.
The
2005 Jeep® Grand Cherokee, a full-sized sport utility vehicle, continues the tradition of Jeep® innovation with new technologies, sophisticated
all-new Jeep® design and a new dimension in on-road refinement and off-road capability. The new 2004 Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited delivers 13
inches more cargo space and 2 inches more second row leg-room. Wrangler Unlimited also features towing capacity of 3,500 lbs. due to its 10-inch longer wheel base.
2005 Product Introductions.
In 2005, the Chrysler Group plans to introduce the following products:
2006
Chrysler 300C SRT8
2006
Dodge Viper SRT10 Coupe
2006
Dodge Magnum SRT8
2006
Dodge Charger
2006
Dodge Ram Mega Cab
2006
Jeep® Commander
The
Chrysler 300C SRT8 offers a 6.1-liter SRT HEMI® V-8 engine producing 425 horsepower and 420 lb.-ft. of torque.
The
2006 Dodge Viper SRT10 Coupe generates 500 horsepower and 525 lb.-ft. of torque from its 505-cubic-inch V-10 engine and features a
traditional front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout with six-speed transmission and a fully independent four-wheel suspension.
The
2006 Dodge Magnum SRT8 offers key SRT attributes including an SRT-engineered, 425-horsepower 6.1-liter SRT HEMI® V-8
engine.
The
Dodge Charger returns to create a new era for the Dodge legend with one of the biggest names in muscle car history. The Dodge Charger offers modern coupe styling with
four-door functionality and pays homage to muscle cars of the "60s", while adding 21
st
century performance, safety and technology.
The
all-new 2006 Dodge Ram Mega Cab effectively expands the Dodge Truck product line, delivering a crew cab derivative model that complements the Dodge Ram Regular and Quad
Cab in the full-size pick-up
18
market.
It also offers customers the choice of the standard 345-horsepower HEMI® engine, or the Cummins Turbo Diesel with 610 lb.-ft of torque.
The
2006 Jeep® Commander is a three-row sports utility vehicle and represents an all-new addition to the Jeep® brand. It is the ideal
complement to the Jeep® Grand Cherokee, which was introduced in the fall of 2004.
Markets, Sales and Competition
The following table shows the distribution of revenues and unit sales for the Chrysler Group segment by geographic market:
Revenues and Unit Sales
Year Ended December 31,
2004
% change
2003
% change
2002
Revenues
1
NAFTA region
45,183
0
45,044
-19
55,304
United States
39,943
0
39,863
-19
48,958
Canada
3,947
0
3,949
-14
4,595
Mexico
1,293
+5
1,232
-30
1,751
European Union
2,834
+1
2,807
-10
3,122
Other markets
1,481
+1
1,470
-16
1,755
World
49,498
0
49,321
-18
60,181
Units
2
NAFTA region
2,609,700
+6
2,457,800
-7
2,650,700
United States
2,287,000
+7
2,128,600
-7
2,277,100
Canada
212,300
-7
229,000
-10
253,800
Mexico
110,400
+10
100,200
-16
119,800
European Union
91,600
-8
99,900
+19
84,100
Other markets
78,600
-2
80,200
-9
87,900
World
2,779,900
+5
2,637,900
-7
2,822,700
1
€
in millions.
2
Unit
sales represent factory unit sales by the Chrysler Group.
In 2004, our most important markets for Chrysler, Jeep® and Dodge vehicles were the United States with 82% of factory unit sales,
Canada with 8% of factory unit sales and Mexico with 4% of factory unit sales. In the United States and Canada, we sold 2,416,900 vehicles in the retail market in 2004, an increase of 3% from
2,340,400 vehicles in 2003. For 2004, this represents a 12.8% share of the United States and Canada car and truck market, compared to 12.6% in 2003. Industry retail sales in the United States and
Canada for 2004 were 18.9 million units, an increase of 2% from 2003.
In
2004, revenues of our Chrysler Group segment increased, primarily as a result of higher worldwide factory unit sales, a lower average sales incentive expense per vehicle and a shift
in product mix to higher priced vehicles, largely offset by the appreciation of the euro against the dollar. Total factory unit sales increased by 5% to 2,779,900 primarily as a result of the
successful launch of new products. For additional information regarding Chrysler Group's revenues, please refer to "Operating Results" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
19
In
the NAFTA region, principal competitors of our Chrysler, Jeep® and Dodge passenger cars and trucks are products of General Motors, Ford, Toyota, Honda and Nissan.
Competition is likely to intensify as new products and capacity in NAFTA are added by Asian and European manufacturers.
The
following table shows, by vehicle line, the number of units sold:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2002
Units
1
Cars
Neon
141,700
153,600
171,600
Sebring and Stratus Sedan, Convertible and Coupe
240,900
233,600
279,200
Intrepid, Concorde and 300M
2
1,200
140,900
202,200
300/300C
141,000
Crossfire
28,300
14,700
PT Cruiser Convertible
34,200
Other
36,900
24,900
30,800
Minivans
499,900
476,800
558,800
Sports Tourers
Pacifica
92,200
82,000
Magnum
64,700
PT Cruiser
123,000
136,400
191,200
Trucks
Ram Pick-up
517,800
508,300
466,500
Dakota
127,700
122,500
161,700
Durango
160,100
113,300
122,200
Ram Van
3,300
20,100
42,000
Sprinter
17,400
9,300
Other
1,800
5,300
900
Jeep®
Grand Cherokee
218,700
255,100
289,000
Liberty/Cherokee
232,100
256,700
230,100
Wrangler
97,000
84,400
76,500
Total
2,779,900
2,637,900
2,822,700
1
Unit
sales represent factory shipments by the Chrysler Group.
2
Replaced
by 300/300C and Magnum.
Distribution
Dealers in the NAFTA region, who have sales and service agreements with DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC, sell Chrysler, Jeep® and Dodge vehicles
and MOPAR® parts and accessories at retail. The dealers purchase vehicles, MOPAR® parts and accessories from DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC for sale to retail customers. In
2004, the Chrysler Group continued "Project Alpha," a program to develop a new style of dealership in key markets that combines in one modern facility the display, sale and servicing of all three
brands of Chrysler Group vehicles (Chrysler, Jeep® and Dodge). Approximately 200 Alpha dealerships have been created under this program.
In
the United States, we distribute our Chrysler, Jeep® and Dodge products through 3,997 dealers at December 31, 2004, compared to 4,115 dealers at December 31,
2003. In Canada, the dealer network
20
comprised
489 dealers at December 31, 2004, compared to 502 dealers at December 31, 2003. In Mexico, the dealer network comprised 123 dealers at December 31, 2004, compared to 122
dealers at December 31, 2003.
Chrysler
International Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of DaimlerChrysler Corporation which in turn is a wholly owned subsidiary of DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC, sells
vehicles in various other countries through wholly-owned, affiliated and independent distributors and dealers.
Capital Expenditures; Research and Development
In 2004, our Chrysler Group segment invested €2.6 billion in fixed assets. These capital expenditures related primarily to new product
programs. In addition, Chrysler Group made capital expenditures to upgrade powertrains, enhance flexible manufacturing capabilities and maintain existing facilities.
Research
and development expenditures in 2004 were primarily for product development for vehicles launched in 2004 and for vehicles to be launched in future years. They also included
development costs for improving the quality, cost and performance of existing products. These expenditures included compliance costs associated with regulations promulgated by various governmental
agencies worldwide.
The
following table shows the capital expenditures for fixed assets and the research and development expenditures of the Chrysler Group segment during the last three years:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2002
(€ in millions)
Capital expenditures for fixed assets
2,647
2,487
3,155
Research and development
1,570
1,689
2,062
The
increase of capital expenditures for fixed assets from 2003 to 2004 is mainly attributable to increased spending to support the launch of product programs scheduled over the next
several calendar years. The decrease of research and development expenditures is attributable to the appreciation of the euro against the dollar. Measured in U.S. dollars, the principal functional
currency of the Chrysler Group, research and development expenditures increased slightly in 2004 compared with 2003.
International Operations/Cooperations/Alliances
The Chrysler Group's international operations in South America include a manufacturing facility in Venezuela, where it assembles the Chrysler Neon,
Jeep® Cherokee and Jeep® Grand Cherokee.
International
cooperations in Austria include the production of Jeep® Grand Cherokees and the production of Chrysler Voyagers under an assembly contract with Magna Steyr
Fahrzeugtechnik AG & Co KG. In 2005, production in Austria will expand to include the 300C models. In Brazil, the segment participates in a joint venture with Bayerische Motoren Werke AG to
manufacture a 1.6-liter gasoline engine for use in both Chrysler Group and BMW vehicles. DaimlerChrysler Corporation also has a minority interest in a company that assembles
Jeep® Cherokees and long wheelbase Jeep® Wranglers in Egypt.
The
segment's automotive affiliations in the Asia-Pacific region include the assembly and distribution of Jeep® Cherokees and Jeep® Grand Cherokees in
China by Beijing Jeep Corporation, Ltd., a minority-owned joint venture. Beijing Jeep® also assembles the Mitsubishi Pajero and Outlander for sale in China. Also in
January 2005, the Chrysler Group signed a contract with Taiwan-based China Motor Corporation (CMC) to manufacture Chrysler Town & Country minivans beginning in 2006 at CMC's facility in
Yang Mei, Taiwan, for the Taiwanese market.
Production
of the Chrysler Crossfire two-seat coupe, the Chrysler Crossfire SRT-6, a derivative of the Chrysler Crossfire, and the Chrysler Crossfire convertible
occurs in Germany under an assembly contract with Wilhelm Karmann GmbH, one of our long-time business partners.
DaimlerChrysler
Corporation (DCC) and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (MMC) have agreed to work together on several projects to share research and development costs and to combine
purchasing volumes, where possible.
21
DCC, Hyundai Motor Company (HMC), and MMC have (directly or through wholly owned subsidiaries) formed joint ventures to develop and engineer through Hyundai, and jointly manufacture (in
the United States) a family of world-class in-line four cylinder gasoline engines. Please refer to the discussion above under the heading "Business Summary and Developments" in
"Introduction" for further information.
In
2005, DCC will produce mid-size pickups for MMC for sale in the U.S. market.
Commercial Vehicles
We manufacture and sell commercial vehicles under the brand names Mercedes-Benz, Freightliner, Sterling, Mitsubishi, Fuso, Setra, Thomas Built Buses,
American LaFrance, Western Star and Orion. Our worldwide facilities provide us with a strong production and assembly network for commercial vehicles and core components. We distribute our commercial
vehicles through a worldwide distribution and service network. In 2004, our Commercial Vehicles segment contributed approximately 23% of our total revenues.
Important Changes in the Commercial Vehicles Segment
MFTBC.
On March 18, 2004, we (DaimlerChrysler AG) acquired from MMC an additional 22% interest in MFTBC, thereby
reducing MMC's interest in MFTBC to a non-controlling 20% interest. MFTBC develops, designs, manufactures, assembles and sells small, mid-size and heavy-duty trucks
and buses, primarily in Japan and other Asian countries. We have included the revenues, unit sales and consolidated results of MFTBC in our Commercial Vehicles segment since March 31, 2004 with
a one-month time lag. Prior to March 31, 2004, we accounted for our proportionate share in MFTBC's results in the Commercial Vehicles segment using the equity method of accounting.
Please refer to the discussion above under the heading "Business Summary and Developments" in "Introduction" for further information.
In
2004, we discovered a number of quality issues in products manufactured and sold by MFTBC before we invested in the company in March 2003. Following the initial discovery of
some of these issues, MFTBC implemented a new quality management system and conducted several detailed internal investigations, which resulted in several publicly announced field campaigns. MFTBC has
also systematically disclosed its past quality issues and is in the process of rectifying them. MFTBC expects to complete most of these field actions by the end of 2005, with the remainder to be
completed in 2006. For a discussion of the impact of these past quality issues on the Commercial Vehicles segment's operating profit, please refer to the discussion under the heading "Operating
Results" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects." Early in 2005, MMC agreed in principle to compensate us for financial damages deriving from these quality issues with cash and the
remaining 20% of the shares of MFTBC owned by MMC. In addition, MMC agreed in principle to continue to maintain 100% ownership interest in NedCar, a company that produces the smart forfour for us, and
to cooperate with MFTBC in various other areas.
Off-Highway.
As of January 1, 2004, we allocated the Off-Highway business which we previously
included in the Commercial Vehicles segment to the Other Activities segment. We have adjusted prior period amounts accordingly.
HMC.
In May 2004, we terminated discussions with Hyundai Motor Company (HMC) regarding the formation of a commercial
vehicles joint venture as part of the realignment of our strategic alliance with HMC. Also in May 2004, we sold our non-controlling 50% interest in DaimlerHyundai Truck Corporation
(DHTC) to HMC and recorded a total pre-tax gain of €60 million as a result.
Products
Vans.
Worldwide, we currently offer four lines of Mercedes-Benz vans between 1.9 metric tons (t) and 7.5t
gross vehicle weight (GVW): the Sprinter, the Vito/Viano, the Vario and the compact multi-purpose vehicle Vaneo. We produce our Mercedes-Benz vans primarily in Germany and Spain. We also
manufacture the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter in Argentina for the South American, South African, Australian and several Asian
22
markets
and assemble it in the United States for the U.S. and Canadian markets where we currently sell it under the Freightliner and Dodge brand names.
Trucks.
Our current European Mercedes-Benz truck lines consist of the Actros and the Axor in the heavy weight
category, the Atego in the medium weight category, and the Econic. The Axor is positioned between the Actros and the Atego in terms of price and function. The Econic is a specialty vehicle that
customers can adapt for a variety of applications. Complementing our line-up is the Unimog, a four-wheel drive vehicle designed for special purpose applications, such as street
maintenance, some construction industry uses, fire-fighting, forestry and agriculture. We sell trucks manufactured in our European factories also in Africa, Asia and Australia. In 2005, we
plan to launch additional variants of the Axor and offer trucks that meet the emission regulations EURO 4 and 5, starting with long-haul applications.
In
Turkey, we manufacture medium and heavy duty trucks, mainly for the local market, but also for export sales. Our subsidiary DaimlerChrysler do Brasil develops and produces
Mercedes-Benz trucks in the medium and heavy duty segments, especially for the South American markets. We will launch the Axor in South America in
2005
.
Our
U.S. subsidiary Freightliner manufactures trucks and buses (based on truck chassis) in Classes 5 through 8 (from 16,000 lbs. GVW to 33,000 lbs. GVW and over) and sells them under the
Freightliner, Sterling, Western Star, and Thomas Built Buses brand names, primarily in the NAFTA-region. Through American LaFrance, Freightliner is active in the custom fire truck chassis market.
Freightliner also manufactures chassis for trucks, buses and motorhomes in Classes 3 through 7 (from 10,000 lbs. GVW to 33,000 lbs. GVW). In 2004, Freightliner launched a new integrated school bus,
the C2 Safe T-Liner.
Our
Japanese subsidiary MFTBC manufactures three lines of trucks and tractors, primarily for the Japanese and other Asian markets: the Canter trucks (from 3.5 to 7.5t GVW), the Fighter
trucks (from 8.0 to 15.1t GVW), and the Supergreat trucks (from 15.1 to 24.8t GVW). MFTBC also sells trucks in Western Europe and the United States.
Buses.
We are a full-line supplier in the worldwide bus and coach market. Our product portfolio includes
city-buses, coaches, interurban buses, midi buses and bus chassis. We utilize our global production facilities in France, Germany, Turkey, Canada, Mexico, the United States and Japan to
tailor our product range to local market requirements and preferences. We also produce bus chassis that we sell under the Mercedes-Benz brand name in various countries. We sell completely
built-up buses under the Mercedes-Benz and Setra brands in Europe and under the Setra and Orion brand names in the United States and Canada. In 2004, Setra launched the final
variant of its new ComfortClass 400 line of buses. We also manufacture heavy, medium and small coaches, buses and bus chassis at MFTBC in Japan.
For
our commercial vehicles, we produce diesel engines, axles and transmissions under the Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi Fuso and Detroit Diesel brand names for
on-highway use.
Markets, Sales and Competition
Markets.
The market for commercial vehicles depends significantly on the prevailing general economic conditions since they
directly influence transportation needs and the availability of funds for capital investment.
Our
most important commercial vehicle markets are Western Europe, North America, South America and Asia. Economic conditions in all these regions improved in 2004, particularly in North
America.
Total
commercial vehicle registrations for trucks, vans and buses in Western Europe increased significantly by 8% to 1,370,200 units. This increase was mainly driven by the medium and
heavy-duty truck segments. Additionally, the mid-size and large van segments in Western Europe showed strong registration increases from 940,000 to 1,043,000 units due to
strong market demand. Registrations of heavy (over 8t GVW) buses in that market improved slightly from 7,000 units in 2003 to 7,200 units in 2004.
23
Commercial
vehicle registrations in Germany increased 10% to 306,400 units. Registrations in the medium and heavy-duty truck segment increased 14% to 32,200 units, in line
with overall market growth.
In
the NAFTA region, retail sales for all manufacturers of trucks in Classes 5 through 8 reached 452,600 units, 31% more than in 2003. In the United States, retail sales of all
manufacturers in Classes 5 through 8 increased 33% from 288,800 units in 2003 to 384,600 units in 2004. Retail sales in the Class 5-7 truck segment rose from 146,800 units in 2003
to 181,400 units in 2004, while retail sales for all manufacturers in the Class 8 heavy duty truck category showed a strong increase of 43% from 142,000 units in 2003 to 203,200 units in 2004.
This increase reflects the recovery of the U.S. economy and the need to make new truck purchases deferred in prior years.
In
South America, demand went up in the Brazilian market, particularly in the medium- and heavy-duty truck segments, resulting in a 25% increase in commercial vehicle sales.
In
Japan, sales of trucks and busses (3.5t GVW and above) decreased 10% to 272,100 units. This decrease was the result of accelerated vehicle purchases during 2003 triggered by new
engine emission standards which became effective in October 2003.
Sales.
The following table shows the distribution of revenues and unit sales of our Commercial Vehicles segment by geographic
market since 2002:
Revenues and Unit Sales
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2
% change
2003
% change
2002
Revenues (€ in millions)
1
Western Europe
14,455
+10
13,169
+2
12,962
Germany
7,013
+7
6,531
+3
6,367
Other
7,442
+12
6,638
+1
6,595
NAFTA region
10,471
+17
8,918
-8
9,685
United States
8,888
+17
7,629
-7
8,215
Canada
1,049
+25
839
-9
926
Mexico
534
+19
450
-17
545
South America
1,462
+49
981
-2
1,000
Brazil
917
+26
725
-2
743
Other
545
+113
256
0
257
Asia (including Australia)
5,134
+243
1,497
+17
1,281
Japan
178
+105
87
-19
108
Other
4,956
+251
1,410
+20
1,173
Other markets
3,242
+45
2,241
+22
1,838
World
34,764
+30
26,806
0
26,766
24
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2
% change
2003
% change
2002
Units
Western Europe
274,400
+10
249,500
-6
265,200
Germany
110,600
+9
101,700
-2
103,300
Other
163,800
+11
147,800
-9
161,900
NAFTA region
177,100
+32
134,200
+14
118,000
United States
150,700
+32
114,600
+15
99,800
Canada
14,600
+45
10,100
+5
9,600
Mexico
11,800
+24
9,500
+10
8,600
South America
55,800
+43
39,000
+9
35,800
Brazil
36,000
+17
30,800
+4
29,600
Other
19,800
+141
8,200
+32
6,200
Asia (including Australia)
130,100
+343
29,400
+25
23,500
Japan
43,000
+2,767
1,500
-21
1,900
Other
87,100
+212
27,900
+29
21,600
Other markets
74,800
+53
48,900
+14
42,900
World
712,200
+42
501,000
+3
485,400
1
Beginning
in 2004, revenues of our Off-Highway business have been included in our Other Activities segment. Prior year amounts have been adjusted accordingly.
2
Due
to the consolidation of MFTBC, the 2004 figures include incremental increases to revenue and unit sales of €3.6 billion and 114,800 units. Most
of MFTBC's revenues and unit sales relate to sales in Asia.
Worldwide unit sales of our Commercial Vehicles segment increased 42% from 501,000 vehicles in 2003 to 712,200 units in 2004. Unit sales in 2004
include an additional 114,800 units sold by MFTBC. Excluding these incremental MFTBC sales, our Commercial Vehicles segment increased unit sales by 19%.
The
overall 10% increase of commercial vehicle unit sales in Western Europe is primarily due to higher sales of Mercedes-Benz trucks and vans. In Germany, the most important
market for our Mercedes-Benz and Setra commercial vehicles, we sold 110,600 units in 2004, an increase of 9%
compared to the previous year. Unit sales in Germany represented 15%, and the remaining Western European market 23% of our total 2004 commercial vehicle sales.
In
the NAFTA region, sales of our commercial vehicles increased significantly to 177,100 units in 2004. This increase was achieved through higher sales of Freightliner trucks (mainly
Class 8), commercial vehicle chassis manufactured by a Freightliner subsidiary, and fire trucks and other specialty vehicles produced by the Freightliner subsidiary American LaFrance. In
addition, sales of the Sprinter van in the NAFTA region rose from 11,800 units to 18,900 units.
In
South America, sales continued their upward trend with an increase of 43% from 39,000 units in 2003 to 55,800 units in 2004.
Our
unit sales in Japan were significantly higher at approximately 45,000 units following the integration of MFTBC. We have included MFTBC's revenues and unit sales in our figures since
March 31, 2004, with a one-month lag. MFTBC's 2004 unit sales in Japan decreased in comparison to 2003. This was partially due to new engine emission standards, which became
effective in 2003 and resulted in accelerated purchases in that year and partially to the negative impact of past quality issues which resulted in several field campaigns and homologation delays.
25
The
following table shows, by vehicle category, the unit sales of our Commercial Vehicles segment since 2002:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2
2003
2002
Units
Vans
260,700
230,900
236,600
Trucks
403,300
232,400
214,000
Buses
37,400
28,300
25,300
Other Products
1
10,800
9,400
9,500
Total
712,200
501,000
485,400
1
This
category reflects sales of Mitsubishi pickup trucks (L 200) and Mitsubishi Pajero vehicles sold by our subsidiary DaimlerChrysler South Africa. These numbers were
previously reported within the vans category.
2
The
2004 sales reported in the categories "Trucks" and "Buses" include 113,500 and 4,600 unit sales, respectively, of MFTBC.
For a discussion of changes in revenues, see "Operating Results" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
Competition.
In Western Europe, the primary sales market for Mercedes-Benz vans, our principal competitors are
Fiat (Fiat, Iveco), Ford, Volkswagen and Renault.
In
the truck segment, competitors vary in each geographic region. In Western Europe, our main competitors are MAN, Iveco, Volvo, Scania, DAF and Renault. In the NAFTA markets, our main
competitors in the Class 5 through 8 truck categories are Navistar, Paccar (Kenworth/Peterbuilt), Volvo/Renault (Mack), General Motors and Ford. In Japan and the South East Asian markets, our
main competitors (including busses) are Hino, Isuzu and Nissan Diesel.
Our
main competitor in the bus sector (over 8t GVW) on a global scale is Volvo. Other major competitors are Neoman (MAN, Neoplan), Scania and Irisbus (Renault, Iveco). Their primary
markets are in Western Europe. In South America, Volkswagen and Agrale are our main competitors. Volvo and Scania are also represented in this region. In Asia, our main competitors are Toyota, Hino
and Isuzu.
Distribution
In Germany, we sell our commercial vehicles through our own wholesale network. We also own several retail outlets. In some minor cases, we also sell our
commercial vehicles through independent dealers.
In
other major European markets, local DaimlerChrysler subsidiaries provide wholesale services to a network of independent dealers and, in some cases, to our own retail outlets.
Outside
Europe, we sell our commercial vehicles through independent distributors or, if we have a local production company, through the sales organization of the production company. In
Japan, MFTBC sells its commercial vehicles through its own wholesale network and owns most of the retail outlets.
We
expect to continue to establish our own retail outlets in major European metropolitan centers in an effort to strengthen our retail activities.
Capital Expenditures; Research and Development
In 2004, our Commercial Vehicles segment had capital expenditures for fixed assets of €1.2 billion. These expenditures primarily related to
a future successor model of the Sprinter and new low-emission engines.
26
Research
and development projects in the commercial vehicles area focused on new products, especially the Sprinter successor, lifecycle management for the Atego/Axor line and engines
meeting new
low-emission regulations. In 2004, our expenses for research and development amounted to €1.2 billion.
The
table below shows capital expenditures for fixed assets and research and development expenditures of our Commercial Vehicles segment during each of the last three years:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2002
(€ in millions)
Capital expenditures for fixed assets
1,184
958
1,186
Research and development
1,226
946
883
Services
Our services activities, which contributed approximately 8% of our revenues in 2004, consist almost exclusively of financial services supporting our automotive
businesses.
The
revenues of our services segment amounted to €13.9 billion in 2004, €14.0 billion in 2003 and €15.7 billion in
2002 and were almost exclusively attributable to financial services.
The
financial services we offer consist mainly of customized financing and leasing packages for our retail and wholesale customers in the automotive sector. We also provide financing to
our dealers for property, plant and equipment purchases and vehicle inventory. Since 2002, we have operated a fully licensed bank, the DaimlerChrysler Bank, in Germany. The DaimlerChrysler Bank offers
financial services in Germany, which include leasing and sales-financing services and car savings plans to our customers and employees, as well as credit cards and demand-deposit accounts. In
addition, we offer insurance and reinsurance brokerage and fleet management services, including dealer property and casualty insurance.
In
an effort to refocus our financing and leasing portfolios on the automotive sector, which is our core business, we disposed of several non-automotive financial assets in
2002, 2003 and 2004. Most importantly, during 2002 we sold substantial portions of our commercial real estate and asset-based lending portfolios to GE Capital and other financial services providers
for an aggregate amount of €1.3 billion. We sold additional portions of our capital services portfolio in 2003 for proceeds of €0.3 billion and made minor
dispositions in 2004.
We
also have an ownerhip interest in Toll Collect, for which we account using the equity method of accounting. In September 2002, our subsidiary DaimlerChrysler Services AG,
Deutsche Telekom AG and Compagnie Financiere et Industrielle des Autoroutes S.A. (Cofiroute) contracted with the Federal Republic of Germany to develop, install and operate a system for electronic
collection of tolls from all commercial vehicles over 12t GVW using German highways. Toll Collect GmbH, a German limited liability company in which we and Deutsche Telekom each hold a 45% interest and
Cofiroute holds the remaining 10%, is the principal builder and operator of the system. You can find additional information about Toll Collect under the heading "Off-Balance Sheet
Arrangements" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects," under the heading "Legal Proceedings" in "Item 8. Financial Information" and in Note 3 to our Consolidated
Financial Statements.
In
October 2000, Deutsche Telekom AG acquired a 50.1% controlling interest in our information technology activities. In March 2002, we exercised our option to sell to
Deutsche Telekom our remaining 49.9% interest in these activities. You can find additional information about these transactions under the heading "Business Summary and Developments" in "Introduction"
above, under the heading "Operating Results
27
Overview
of Business Segments Revenues and Operating Profits (Loss)" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects," and in Note 4 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Markets, Sales and Competition
The following table shows the distribution of revenues derived from our services activities by geographic market since 2002:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2002
(€ in millions)
European Union
5,695
5,460
5,048
Germany
4,057
3,759
3,497
Other
1,638
1,701
1,551
NAFTA region
7,581
7,917
9,994
United States
6,412
6,680
8,578
Canada and Mexico
1,169
1,237
1,416
Other markets
663
660
657
World
13,939
14,037
15,699
In 2004, we generated approximately 54% of our total financial services business in the NAFTA region, 29% in Germany and 12% in other European
Union countries. We discuss period-to-period changes in revenues under the heading "Operating Results" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
In
2004, the Services segment processed new leasing and finance contracts covering approximately 2,329,000 units with a total value of €50.9 billion. In the prior
year, we processed new leasing and finance contracts covering 1,944,000 units with a total value of €47.5 billion. The total value of leasing and finance contracts at
December 31, 2004, was €102.4 billion compared to €98.2 billion at December 31, 2003, a 4% increase in total contract value. Excluding
currency translation effects, our total contract value increased 9% compared to 2003. The average monthly payment for new vehicle installment sale contracts in 2004 was €469. The
average new contract balance amounted to €21,806 and the average original term was 49 months.
The
following table shows the number of units and the value covered by new leasing and finance contracts as well as the number of units and the value covered by all our outstanding
leasing and finance contracts at December 31, 2004 (in each case by geographic area and in total):
Units Covered by New Contracts
Value
(€ in millions)
Units Covered by all Contracts
Value
(€ in millions)
United States
1
1,495,383
30,602
4,351,901
59,833
Germany
1
325,027
8,201
702,502
14,531
Canada
1
149,982
3,291
590,606
8,096
United Kingdom
1
61,532
1,793
133,500
3,095
Mexico
61,957
731
151,886
1,249
Italy
43,376
919
152,022
2,416
France
33,069
804
80,597
1,537
Japan
1
24,121
786
79,685
1,447
Australia
1
15,199
500
53,685
1,327
Netherlands
14,564
398
47,752
987
Other Countries
1
104,517
2,832
256,040
7,881
Total
2,328,727
50,857
6,600,176
102,399
1
These
figures include contracts which we included in several asset-backed receivables transactions in these countries.
28
In the leasing and financial services area, our competitors include leasing and finance subsidiaries of banks and financial institutions. We also
compete with the financial services businesses of other automobile manufacturers to the extent they do not limit their activities to their own automobile brands.
Capital Expenditures
The table below shows capital expenditures for fixed assets, which related largely to the acquisition of data processing equipment, and additions to equipment
under operating leases during each of the last three years:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2002
(€ in millions)
Capital expenditures for fixed assets
91
76
95
Equipment on operating leases
14,016
11,649
12,862
Other Activities
Our Other Activities segment comprises our businesses, operations and investments not allocated to one of our other business segments. The segment includes our
Off-Highway business, our holdings in EADS and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (MMC), our real estate and corporate research activities, our holding companies and our finance subsidiaries
through which we refinance the capital needs of our operating businesses in the capital markets.
EADS.
We account for the minority interest we hold in EADS using the equity method of accounting and we report our share of
the operating results of EADS as part of the operating results of our Other Activities segment. EADS is a global supplier in the aerospace sector, the defense business and of related services. The
EADS Group includes the aircraft manufacturer Airbus, the helicopter supplier Eurocopter and the joint venture MBDA, a guided missile producer. In addition, EADS is a partner in the Eurofighter
consortium and a prime contractor for the Ariane launcher. The company is developing the A400M military transport aircraft and is the industrial partner for the European satellite navigation system
Galileo.
Off-Highway.
As of January 1, 2004, we allocated our Off-Highway business, which was
previously included in Commercial Vehicles, to our Other Activities segment. We have adjusted prior figures to reflect this new presentation. Our Off-Highway business includes the MTU
Friedrichshafen Group, the Off-Highway businesses of Detroit Diesel Corporation and DaimlerChrysler AG as well as our minority investment in VM Motori S.P.A. The Off-Highway
business focuses on engine applications for rail and marine products, military and industrial vehicles as well as stationary industrial and commercial applications (e.g. back-up
generators). We sell our Off-Highway-products under the brand names Mercedes-Benz, Detroit Diesel and MTU.
MMC.
Following a corporate restructuring at MMC, our interest in the voting stock of MMC was diluted from 37.0% to 24.7% and
we no longer have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of MMC. As a result, on June 29, 2004, we ceased to account for our investment in MMC
using the equity method of accounting and classified our investment in MMC as an investment in related companies, accounted for at fair value. Since then our equity interest has been further diluted.
As of December 31, 2004, we held 19.69% of the share capital of MMC. Please refer to the discussion above under the heading "Business Summary and Developments" in "Introduction" for further
information.
MTU Aero Engines.
On December 31, 2003, we sold MTU Aero Engines GmbH and its subsidiaries to the investment company
Kohlberg Kravis and Roberts & Co. Ltd. (KKR). As required by U.S. GAAP, we reclassified the results of MTU Aero Engines and the gain on the sale of this business as discontinued
operations in our consolidated statements of income and report them accordingly. We have adjusted our consolidated statements of income (loss) for all periods presented to reflect this presentation.
For further information regarding the
effects on our operating profit in 2003, please refer to "Operating Results" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
29
Temic.
In April 2001, we sold a controlling interest in our TEMIC automotive electronics business for
€398 million. We sold our remaining 40% minority interest in that business for €215 million in April 2002.
Revenues
from continuing operations of this segment originate mainly from our DaimlerChrysler Off-Highway business unit and our real estate business. The following table
shows the revenues generated by our Other Activities segment since 2002:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
1
% change
2003
1,2
% change
2002
1,2
(€ in millions)
DC Off-Highway
1,749
2
1,711
5
1,635
Real Estate and other businesses
451
2
440
-13
508
Total revenues from continuing operations
2,200
2
2,151
0
2,143
Revenues from discontinued operations (MTU Aero Engines)
0
-100
1,933
-13
2,215
Total revenues from continuing and discontinued operations
2,200
-46
4,084
-6
4,358
1
As
of January 1, 2004, we allocated the Off-Highway business previously included in our Commercial Vehicles segment to the Other Activities segment. We
have adjusted prior year amounts accordingly.
2
On
December 31, 2003, we sold MTU Aero Engines. As a result, we report the 2003 and 2002 revenues of MTU Aero Engines as discontinued operations and all other
businesses as continuing operations. We have adjusted the figures for prior reporting periods accordingly.
For a discussion of changes in revenues, see "Operating Results" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
Markets, Sales and Competition
The following table sets forth the distribution of revenues from continuing operations of Other Activities by geographic market since 2002:
Year Ended December 31,
2004
1
% change
2003
1,2
% change
2002
1,2
(€ in millions)
European Union
1,227
-33
1,842
-1
1,854
Germany
798
-35
1,230
-2
1,257
Other
429
-30
612
+3
597
NAFTA region
351
-76
1,444
-17
1,736
United States
320
-76
1,331
-14
1,551
Canada and Mexico
31
-73
113
-39
185
Asia
333
-30
473
-5
500
Other markets
289
-11
325
+21
268
World
2,200
-46
4,084
-6
4,358
1
As
of January 1, 2004, we allocated the Off-Highway business previously included in our Commercial Vehicles segment to the Other Activities segment. We
have adjusted prior year amounts accordingly.
2
Revenues
for the years 2003 and 2002 include the revenues of MTU Aero Engines which we sold on December 31, 2003.
30
SUPPLIES AND RAW MATERIALS
In 2004, we purchased goods and services from suppliers around the world with a total value of approximately €101.4 billion compared to
€99.7 billion in 2003. Mercedes Car Group accounted for 38% of our total purchase volume, Chrysler Group for 32%, Commercial Vehicles for 26%, Services for 3%, and Other
Activities for 1%. We purchase various commodities used in vehicle manufacturing,
such as steel, through annual and long-term supply agreements. From time to time, we also purchase commodities on the spot market.
We
operate our worldwide procurement and supply activities through a single global procurement and supply function. We aim to maximize the efficiency of our supply networks by working
not only with the first tier supplier but also with sub-suppliers, raw material suppliers, and transportation carriers. E-procurement is one of several standard processes we
use in purchasing supplier products and managing logistics.
We
strive to avoid material shortages in supplies and raw materials and substantial price increases by carefully managing our current and future requirements and delivery needs in close
cooperation with our suppliers and sub-suppliers.
In
2004, steel prices increased significantly due to increased worldwide demand. Annual and long-term supply agreements based on regional supply needs and pricing helped
minimize the impact of higher steel prices in 2004. Although we will continue to benefit from similar supply arrangements, continued high steel prices may have a more significant impact on us and our
suppliers in 2005. Oil prices increased significantly throughout the year but declined in the fourth quarter from their record high levels. Fuel and resin (plastic) prices increased as a result of
higher oil prices. Precious metals, including platinum, palladium and rhodium, which we primarily use in catalytic converters, are subject to price volatility. We use derivative commodity instruments
to hedge against this volatility to the extent we deem appropriate. We also continue to research alternative materials and processes for use in these components. In addition, we have established a
corporate commodity risk management committee to provide enhanced control and oversight over our commodity price exposure.
GOVERNMENT REGULATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
The automotive industry is subject to extensive government regulation. Laws in various countries regulate the emission levels, fuel economy, noise, and safety of
vehicles, as well as the levels of pollutants generated by the plants that produce them. These regulations often impose differing standards and substantial testing and certification requirements. The
cost of complying with these varying regulations can be significant, and we expect to incur significant compliance costs in the future. We recognize, however, that leadership in environmental
protection and safety is an increasingly important competitive factor in the marketplace.
Vehicle Emissions
U.S. Standards.
Federal.
Under the Federal Clean Air Act, the Environmental
Protection Agency, or EPA, has imposed tailpipe emission control standards on passenger cars and light trucks, including minivans, sport utility vehicles, and pickup trucks. The standards in effect
for model year 1994 - 2003 passenger cars and light trucks are known as Tier 1 standards. Manufacturers may be obligated to recall vehicles that fail to meet those standards
for ten years or 100,000 miles, whichever occurs first.
The
EPA also adopted Tier 2 standards that establish identical and stringent tailpipe emission requirements for passenger cars and light trucks. Tier 2 standards, which will be phased in
over model years 2004-2009, can obligate manufacturers to recall vehicles that fail to meet the standards for ten years or 120,000 miles, whichever occurs first. The Tier 2 standards
present a significant technological challenge to the
31
automobile
industry, particularly with respect to diesel engines. Beginning with 2004 model year vehicles, manufacturers are no longer permitted to sell vehicles in the United States that do not meet
the new standards. Further research and development achievements on the part of the automotive industry will be required if the industry is to continue to comply with these new standards as applied to
later model years.
Separate
standards are in effect for heavy light-duty trucks (those in excess of 8,500 pound gross vehicle weight) and heavy-duty commercial vehicles. Stringent
standards apply to model year 2004 - 2006 vehicles, and even more stringent standards will be phased in over model years 2007 - 2010.
California Standards.
The State of California sets its own stringent emission control standards for passenger cars and
trucks. Its low emission vehicle program establishes more restrictive standards over model years 2004-2007 than those in effect for model years 1993 - 2003.
Meeting these new standards in later years will require significant progress in the development of engine, exhaust after treatment, and fuel control technologies.
An
important part of California's program is the introduction of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs). The California Air Resources Board (CARB) issued a series of regulations in
the 1990s that required an increasing number of the passenger cars and light trucks sold in California each year by large-volume manufacturers to be certified as ZEVs (up to 10% by model year 2003).
In 2004, in connection with the settlement of litigation brought by vehicle manufacturers (including our subsidiary, DaimlerChrysler Corporation) and dealers, CARB adopted amended regulations to allow
manufacturers to satisfy the ZEV mandate with vehicles that use various technologies (electric batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, compressed natural gas, gasoline/electric hybrids) to produce limited or
no emissions. The amended regulations take effect beginning with model year 2005.
Other
states may either adopt the California standards or participate in the EPA's national low emission vehicle program requiring manufacturers to sell low emission vehicles nationwide
beginning with the 2001
model year. To date, the states of Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island and Vermont have adopted the California standards. Maine has not yet adopted the requirement
for zero-emission vehicles. Other states have expressed interest in adopting California's zero-emission standards when they become final. We expect to continue to incur
significant costs in developing these low or zero-emission technologies.
We
participate with other vehicle manufacturers and the U.S. Department of Energy in Freedom CAR, a research project formed to develop fuel cell technology to power vehicles. Development
of a commercially viable fuel cell vehicle will require further intensive research. Without new technology, we and other manufacturers may be forced to take costly actions such as reducing the number
of non-zero-emission vehicles offered for sale in California or selling battery-powered electric vehicles below cost. In December 2004, we signed a
non-binding memorandum of understanding with General Motors Corporation regarding a cooperative effort to develop a two-mode full hybrid propulsion system for applications in
Chrysler Group, Mercedes Car Group, and GM vehicles that would improve fuel economy significantly.
Our
subsidiary DaimlerChrysler Corporation has held discussions with CARB and the EPA about the performance of the catalytic converters in some of its
1991 - 1999 model year vehicles, and the on-board diagnostic systems used to monitor catalytic converter function in certain of its
1996 - 2001 model year vehicles. DaimlerChrysler Corporation would incur significant costs if it were required to repair or replace these emission control devices.
European Standards.
Current vehicle emission control standards in the European Union (EU) are
generally no more restrictive than U.S. standards. However, the EU Commission and the EU Parliament have adopted a directive that establishes increasingly stringent emission standards for passenger
and light commercial vehicles for model years 2005 and thereafter (EURO 4). Under the directive, manufacturers will be obligated to recall vehicles that fail to meet those standards for five years or
80,000 kilometers, whichever
32
occurs
first. Standards for heavy commercial vehicles have been adopted by the EU Commission and the EU Parliament for model years 2005 (EURO 4) and 2008 and thereafter (EURO 5).
Vehicle Fuel Economy
U.S. Standards.
Under the federal Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act, a manufacturer is
subject to significant penalties for each model year its vehicles do not meet Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards, commonly referred to as the CAFE standards. CAFE standards for passenger cars
and
light-duty trucks are currently 27.5 miles per gallon and 20.7 miles per gallon, respectively. A manufacturer earns credits by exceeding CAFE standards. Credits earned for the three
preceding model years and credits projected to be earned for the next three model years can be used to meet CAFE standards in the current model year, except that credits earned in respect of cars may
not be used for trucks. In 2003, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) adopted new CAFE standards for light-duty trucks, including minivans and sport utility vehicles,
of 21.0 miles per gallon for 2005 model year vehicles, 21.6 miles per gallon for 2006 model year vehicles, and 22.2 miles per gallon for 2007 model year vehicles.
We
expect to meet the current and proposed U.S. domestic fleet CAFE standards for both passenger cars and light-duty trucks, although we will likely use credits to meet the
standard for light-duty trucks. However, increased demand for larger light-duty trucks could jeopardize our ability to comply with those standards and require us to take
additional costly steps, including the sale of ethanol flexible fuel vehicles. We may not be able to meet the current and proposed U.S. import fleet CAFE standards for passenger cars and
light-duty trucks, and may incur fines as a result.
The
United States and other countries may adopt more stringent CAFE standards as a way of reducing carbon dioxide emissions by increasing fuel economy. These emissions are said to
contribute to global warming, which has become a matter of international concern. In 2001, the United States withdrew from the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change, which called for the United States to reduce substantially its fossil energy use during years 2008 - 2012. Nevertheless, the United States is considering ways to
achieve reductions in fossil energy use, including more stringent CAFE standards, higher fuel costs and restrictions on fuel usage.
California
is also attempting to limit such emissions through regulation of fuel economy standards. In July 2002, California passed a law that requires CARB to develop regulations
that would require automakers to reduce significantly greenhouse gas emissions from their vehicles starting with 2009 models. The California Air Resources Board is in the process of submitting adopted
regulations to the California legislature for its review. Several other states have stated that they will enact similar measures. The Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, of which our subsidiary
DaimlerChrysler Corporation is a member, has filed a lawsuit in federal court in Fresno, California challenging these regulations. DaimlerChrysler Corporation, General Motors Corporation and several
local car dealers have filed a lawsuit challenging these regulations in state court in Fresno, California. State regulation in this area, if upheld, could be costly to us and could significantly
restrict the products we are able to offer in the United States.
In
addition to conventional gasoline powered vehicles, we manufacture vehicles that operate on diesel, and flexible fuel vehicles capable of operating on both gasoline and ethanol blend
fuels.
European Standards.
The European Union (EU) signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol, pursuant to which
it is required to substantially reduce carbon dioxide emissions during years 2008 to 2012. In 1999, the EU entered into a voluntary agreement with the European automotive manufacturers association
(ACEA) which establishes an emission target of 140 grams of carbon dioxide per kilometer for the average of new passenger cars sold in the European Union in 2008. That target represents an average
reduction in passenger vehicle fuel usage of 25 percent, measured from 1995 levels. The EU has reaffirmed its goal of reducing carbon dioxide
33
emissions
from new passenger cars to an average of 120 grams per kilometer by 2010. At the end of 2003, the ACEA started a consultation round with the EU Commission on further reduction potentials for
the time after 2008. This consultation was requested by the EU Commission and we, as a member of ACEA, are actively involved in this consultation process. The consultations will continue in 2005.
Should the EU Commission's target to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from new passenger cars to an average of 120 grams per kilometer become a mandatory standard, this would require us to incur
significant costs to improve engine and overall efficiency and reduce vehicle weight significantly.
In
addition, in 2003 the EU and the ACEA discussed a voluntary agreement for emission standards for light commercial vehicles not registered as passenger cars. So far no emission
standards for light commercial vehicles have been agreed upon since the ACEA convinced the EU Commission to first establish a standardized test cycle like the New European Driving Cycle for passenger
cars (NEDC) for measuring fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission, respectively, for light commercial vehicles in a standardized manner as a basis for future possible emission standards. As a
result, the EU Commission adopted a directive, which requires us, as of 2005, to measure carbon dioxide emissions of light commercial vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of up to 1.305 metric tons
(class 1) as a condition for selling such vehicles within the EU. Similar rules are effective as of 2007 for light commercial vehicles with a gross vehicle weight of 1.306 to 1.760 metric tons
(class 2) and 1.761 to 3.5 metric tons (class 3). There are discussions in the EU Commission about applying the above mentioned passenger cars rules also to light commercial vehicles,
covering classes 1 to 3. Currently, we cannot assess the potential implications on our business if the passenger car rules were to come into effect also for light commercial vehicles. Nevertheless,
the inclusion of light commercial vehicles into the above mentioned passenger car category would make it even more difficult to achieve the 120 grams per kilometer target.
Vehicle Safety
U.S. Standards.
The U.S. National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966, or the Safety Act,
requires new vehicles and original equipment sold in the United States to meet various safety standards established by NHTSA. The Safety Act also requires manufacturers to recall vehicles found to
have safety related defects and to repair them without charge. The cost of such recalls can be substantial depending on the nature of the repair and the number of vehicles affected.
NHTSA's
Interim Final Rule relating to advanced airbag systems imposes a regimen of tests with stringent injury criteria, and sets forth a compliance phase-in schedule
mandating that 35% of all vehicles produced by a manufacturer for the 2004 model year, 65% for the 2005 model year, and 100% for the 2006 and 2007 model years, meet the rule's safety standard. In
January 2003, NHTSA reduced the first-year percentage requirement to 20%, but retained the original percentage requirements for the later model years. These standards add to the
cost and complexity of designing and producing new motor vehicles and original motor vehicle equipment.
The
U.S. Transportation Recall Enhancement, Accountability and Documentation Act, or the TREAD Act requires, among other things:
a
tire pressure warning system;
a
program to inform consumers of a vehicle's rollover propensity as established in a dynamic rollover test;
upgraded
tire safety standards; and
the
development of a system of collecting from manufacturers information relating to vehicle performance and customer complaints to assist in the early identification of
potential vehicle defects.
34
These
requirements impose additional cost and complexity to the vehicle development process. The TREAD Act also increases NHTSA's authority to impose civil penalties for
non-compliance and specifies possible criminal penalties.
In
general, vehicle safety regulations in Canada are similar to those in the United States. Countries in South America and Asia have also established vehicle safety regulations.
European Standards.
Vehicles sold in Europe are subject to comparable vehicle safety regulations
established by the European Union (EU) or by individual countries. In addition, during the last three years the ACEA, of which we are a member, negotiated a voluntary self commitment on pedestrian
safety with the EU Commission. The self commitment comprises of two phases. Phase one criteria, which cover, among other things, the ban of rigid bull bars by original manufacturers, compliance with
specific head injury criteria and the introduction of antilock brake systems (ABS), have been embedded into a framework directive by the EU and, as a consequence, are already legally binding. Phase
one criteria are effective from October 2005, after which original manufacturers have to be in full compliance with the criteria through 2012. Phase two criteria, which the ACEA and the EU
Commission are still discussing, are intended to amplify standards established in phase one. The goal of ACEA in its discussions with the EU Commission is to convince the Commission to open phase two
for more active safety measures, such as the mandatory introduction of electronic stability programs or other accident avoidance measures, instead of imposing more passive requirements, such as
specific rules regarding the deformation of the crash zone of a car. Should these more restrictive phase two standards become mandatory, this would have a major impact on the design freedom of our
future passenger cars.
Stationary Source Regulation
Our assembly, manufacturing and other operations in the United States must meet a substantial number of regulatory requirements under various federal laws,
including the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 and the Toxic Substances Control Act. State laws parallel and, in
some cases, impose more stringent requirements than federal law. Together these laws impose severe restrictions on airborne and waterborne emissions and discharges of pollutants, the handling of
hazardous materials, and the disposal of wastes. Similar requirements apply to our operations in Europe, Canada and Mexico.
Our
subsidiary DaimlerChrysler Corporation is participating in a voluntary program established by the U.S. Department of Energy to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from our
manufacturing facilities. Under this program, DaimlerChrysler Corporation has pledged to reduce these emissions by 10% per vehicle produced between 2002 and 2012.
Other Environmental Matters
In the United States, the EPA and various state agencies have notified our subsidiary DaimlerChrysler Corporation that it may be a potentially responsible party
for the cost of cleaning up hazardous waste storage or disposal facilities pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and other federal and state
environmental laws. A number of lawsuits allege that DaimlerChrysler Corporation violated environmental laws and seek to recover costs associated with remedial action. DaimlerChrysler Corporation is
only one of a number of potentially responsible parties who may be found to be jointly and severally liable for remediation costs. As of December 31, 2004, DaimlerChrysler Corporation may incur
remediation costs at 133 sites in connection with the foregoing matters and other remediation issues at its active or deactivated facilities.
35
Pollution
remediation is also a potentially significant issue in Germany at some of our older sites, including manufacturing plants and some of our own service outlets. These remediation
issues involve 11 principal sites.
Estimates
of future costs of these environmental matters are inevitably imprecise due to numerous uncertainties, including the enactment of new laws and regulations, the development and
application of new technologies, the identification of new sites for which we may have remediation responsibility and the apportionment and collectibility of remediation costs among responsible
parties. We establish reserves for these environmental matters when the loss is probable and reasonably estimable. It is possible that final resolution of some of these matters may require us to make
expenditures in excess of established reserves, over an extended period of time and in a range of amounts that we cannot reasonably estimate. Although final resolution of any such matters could have a
material effect on our consolidated operating results for the particular reporting period in which an adjustment of the estimated reserve is recorded, we believe that any resulting adjustment should
not materially affect our consolidated financial position.
In
2000, the EU Commission issued a directive that requires automobile manufacturers to take back all end-of-life passenger cars (up to 9 seats) and light trucks
(up to 3.5t total weight) sold after July 1, 2002, and, beginning in January 1, 2007, all end-of-life passenger cars including those sold before July 1,
2002. This directive stipulates that automotive manufacturers incur all, or a significant part of, the costs of recycling these vehicles. The directive affects all
end-of-life-vehicles in the European Union and imposes additional costs on automobile manufacturers which could be significant. Currently, manufacturers already
take back vehicles sold before July 1, 2002, and batteries for disposal or recycling, but are allowed to charge their costs in these circumstances. In addition, German manufacturing facilities
are subject to enhanced noise restrictions.
We
are committed to reducing the environmental impact of our operations and products beyond currently applicable regulatory requirements where this is technically and financially
feasible. Our policy is
environmental protection in pursuit of sustainable development. This policy is set forth in our environmental guidelines and designed to minimize further the environmental effects generally associated
with the type of manufacturing operations we conduct. We have installed environmental management systems in both our plant operations and our development departments to consider environmental effects
at the planning stage of a new manufacturing process or product. We publish environmental reports summarizing our use of resources and measures we have undertaken to minimize further the environmental
impact of our products and operations.
Design Protection
On September 14, 2004, the European Union (EU) Commission adopted a proposal for an amendment of the design protection directive Nr. 98/71/EC. The proposed
amendment intends to abolish the design protection for visible and styled automotive parts within the EU. The proposal would allow parts manufacturers independent from the original equipment
manufacturers to copy and sell throughout the EU visible and styled replacement parts such as hoods, bumpers, fenders, doors, lights and windshields. If this proposed amendment becomes effective, it
may negatively affect our future sales of visible and styled replacement parts and may increase our allocated costs per unit accordingly.
36
DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY
At December 31, 2004, we had 101 manufacturing facilities worldwide, of which 20 are located in Germany and 38 in the United States. Most of the remaining
facilities are in Brazil, Canada, Japan, Mexico, South Africa, Spain and Turkey. We also have other properties, including office buildings, spare parts centers, retail outlets, research laboratories,
test tracks and warehouses, mainly in Germany and in the United States. We own most of these manufacturing facilities and other properties.
The
following table shows a list of our principal production and other facilities worldwide:
Production Facilities
Mercedes Car Group
Germany
Berlin
Manufacturing plant for engines and components
Bremen
Bodywork and assembly plant
Hamburg
Manufacturing plant for axles and components
Rastatt
Bodywork and assembly plant
Sindelfingen
Bodywork and assembly plant
Stuttgart-Untertürkheim
Manufacturing plant for engines, axles and gearboxes
United States
Tuscaloosa, Alabama
Bodywork and assembly plant
Brazil
Juiz de Fora
Bodywork and assembly plant
France
Hambach
Bodywork and assembly plant
South Africa
East London
Bodywork and assembly plant
Chrysler Group
United States
Belvidere, Illinois
Bodywork, assembly and stamping plant
Detroit, Michigan
Bodywork and assembly plants, manufacturing plants for engines and axles
Fenton, Missouri
Bodywork and assembly plants
Indianapolis, Indiana
Foundry for engine blocks
Kenosha, Wisconsin
Manufacturing plant for engines
Kokomo, Indiana
Transmission plants, aluminum die castings plant
Newark, Delaware
Bodywork and assembly plant
Sterling Heights, Michigan
Bodywork and assembly plant, stamping and subassembly plant
Toledo, Ohio
Bodywork and assembly plants, machining plant for components
Trenton, Michigan
Manufacturing plant for engines
Twinsburg, Ohio
Stamping and subassembly plant
Warren, Michigan
Bodywork and assembly plant, stamping and subassembly plant
Canada
Brampton
Bodywork, assembly and stamping plant
Toronto
Aluminum die casting plant
Windsor
Bodywork and assembly plants
Mexico
Saltillo
Bodywork and assembly plant, manufacturing plant for engines
Toluca
Bodywork and assembly plant
37
Venezuela
Valencia
Bodywork and assembly plant
Commercial Vehicles
Germany
Düsseldorf
Bodywork and assembly plant, manufacturing plant for steering systems
Gaggenau
Bodywork and assembly plant, manufacturing plant for axles and transmissions
Kassel
Manufacturing plant for axles
Ludwigsfelde
Bodywork and assembly plant
Mannheim
Bodywork and assembly plant, manufacturing plant for engines
Ulm
Bodywork and assembly plant
Wörth
Bodywork and assembly plant
United States
Cleveland, North Carolina
Bodywork and assembly plant
High Point, North Carolina
Bodywork and assembly plant
Mt. Holly, North Carolina
Bodywork and assembly plant
Portland, Oregon
Bodywork and assembly plant
Redford, Michigan
Assembly plant, manufacturing plant for engines
Argentina
Buenos Aires
Bodywork and assembly plant
Brazil
São Bernardo do Campo
Bodywork and assembly plant
Canada
St. Thomas
Bodywork and assembly plant
Japan
Kawasaki
Bodywork and assembly plant, manufacturing plant for engines, transmissions and axles, research and development center
Mexico
Santiago Tianguistenco
Assembly plant
Spain
Barcelona
Manufacturing plant for engines, transmissions and axles
Vitoria
Bodywork and assembly plant
Turkey
Aksaray
Bodywork and assembly plant
Hosdere
Assembly plant
Other Activities
Germany
Friedrichshafen
Manufacturing plant for diesel engines
Other Facilities
Germany
Berlin
Potsdamer Platz real estate, including DaimlerChrysler Services headquarters
Böblingen
smart headquarters
Sindelfingen
Mercedes-Benz technology center
Stuttgart-Möhringen
DaimlerChrysler headquarters
Stuttgart-Untertürkheim
Mercedes Car Group and Commercial Vehicles headquarters
Ulm
Research center
38
United States
Auburn Hills, Michigan
DaimlerChrysler headquarters and technology center
Japan
Tokyo
Headquarters of Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Corporation
In April 2004, our wholly-owned subsidiary DaimlerChrysler Corporation (DCC) sold its Huntsville, Alabama electrical component operations
to Siemens VDO Automotive Electronics Corporation. In September 2004, DCC sold its New Venture Gear operations to Magna International, Inc. In both transactions, DCC retained ownership
of the land and buildings, which are leased under long-term agreements to the purchasers. Also in 2004, DCC committed to a plan for the closure of the foundry operations in Indianapolis,
Indiana. In addition, DCC, HMC, and MMC have (directly or through wholly-owned subsidiaries) formed joint ventures to develop and engineer through HMC, and jointly manufacture (in the United States) a
family of world-class in-line four cylinder gasoline engines. HMC and MMC will manufacture engines in production facilities in Korea and Japan, respectively, while the joint ventures will
own and operate the Dundee, Michigan production facility in the United States. Engine production is scheduled to commence in the United States for Chrysler in 2005 and MMC in 2006.
At
year-end 2004, the total amount of indebtedness secured by mortgages and other security interests on our principal facilities was €2.2 billion.
These mortgages and other security interests related primarily to the Potsdamer Platz real estate.
We
believe that our principal manufacturing facilities and other significant properties are in good condition and that they are adequate to meet our needs.
There
is significant production overcapacity in the worldwide automotive industry which threatens continued profitability of many manufacturers. As part of our strategic planning and
operations, we monitor our production capacity to ensure that overcapacity does not jeopardize our financial position. We also continually review worldwide capacity and capacity requirements and
developing and anticipated industry changes, and position ourselves accordingly. As market conditions fluctuate, we make adjustments to our capacity by opening, closing, expanding, selling or
downsizing production facilities. We use capacity considerations in conjunction with other business objectives, such as plant modernization and labor market conditions, to determine where, and to what
extent, we should alter or shift our production capacity. In 2004, we made additional capacity adjustments in response to a variety of business considerations. As market conditions evolve, we may
adjust our production capacity accordingly.
Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.
INTRODUCTION
This annual report contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current views about future events. We use the words "anticipate," "assume," "believe,"
"estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "project," "should" and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to many risks and uncertainties,
including:
changes
in general political, economic and business conditions, especially an economic downturn or slow economic growth in Europe or North America;
changes
in currency exchange rates and interest rates;
introduction
of competing products and possible lack of acceptance of our new products or services;
increased
competitive pressures which may limit our ability to reduce sales incentives and raise prices;
price
increases, shortages or supply interruptions of fuel or production materials, such as steel, or labor strikes;
changes
in laws, regulations and government policies, particularly those relating to vehicle emissions, fuel economy and safety, and the outcome of pending or threatened
future legal proceedings;
39
decline
in resale prices of used vehicles; and
other
risks and uncertainties, some of which we describe under the heading "Risk Factors" in "Item 3. Key Information."
If
any of these risks and uncertainties materialize, or if the assumptions underlying any of our forward-looking statements prove incorrect, then our actual results may be materially
different from those we express or imply by such statements. We do not intend or assume any obligation to update these forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the
date on which it is made.
You
should read the following discussion of our critical accounting policies and our financial condition and operating results together with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the
related Notes prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP as of, and for the years ended, December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002. Please refer to Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for
a description of our significant accounting policies.
The
comparability of our Consolidated Financial Statements for the periods presented in this annual report is affected by currency translation effects resulting from our international
operations. In both 2004 and 2003, the euro, the reporting currency of our Consolidated Financial Statements, strengthened significantly against several other world currencies, including the U.S.
dollar. All of our subsidiaries that report their results in a functional currency other than the euro are subject to currency translation risk. The recent appreciation of the euro affected the
reported results of our segments, especially the Chrysler Group segment which conducts the majority of its business in U.S. dollars.
Fluctuations
in the exchange rates of the U.S. dollar, the euro, and other world currencies also expose our international business operations and, consequently, our reported financial
results and cash flows to transaction risk. This transaction risk exposure primarily affects our Mercedes Car Group segment which generates a significant portion of its revenues in foreign currencies
and incurs manufacturing costs primarily in euros. Our Commercial Vehicles segment is also subject to transaction risk, but only to a minor degree due to its global production network. Our Chrysler
Group segment generates almost all of its revenues and incurs most of its costs in U.S. dollars. As a result, the transaction risk of this segment is also relatively low.
In
2004, the combined currency translation and transaction effects imposed a heavier burden on our operating results than in the previous year, despite our currency hedging activities.
If the euro remains strong against major world currencies for an extended period or if it appreciates further, this could have an even greater negative impact on our profitability and financial
situation in the year 2005 and beyond, in particular with respect to our Mercedes Car Group segment. Please refer to the description under the heading "Exchange Rate Risk" in "Item 11. Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks" for additional information on our currency translation and transaction risk exposure.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS NOT YET ADOPTED
EITF 03-1.
In November 2003 and March 2004, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached partial
consensuses on EITF 03-1, "The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments." EITF 03-1 addresses the meaning
of other-than-temporary impairment and its application to investments classified as either available-for-sale or
held-to-maturity under SFAS 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities," and investments accounted for under the cost method. The EITF agreed
on certain quantitative and qualitative disclosures about unrealized losses pertaining to securities classified as available-for-sale or
held-to-maturity. In addition, EITF 03-1 requires certain disclosures about cost method investments. The recognition and measurement provisions of EITF
03-1 have been deferred until additional guidance is issued. The disclosures required by EITF 03-1 have been included in Note 20 of our Consolidated Financial
Statements.
SFAS 151.
In November 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Accounting
Standard (SFAS) 151, "Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4" to clarify that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage)
should be recognized as current period charges and to require the allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of
40
conversion
based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS 151 is effective prospectively for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005.
We are currently examining the effect of SFAS 151 on our Consolidated Financial Statements but do not expect the effect to be material.
SFAS 123R.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS 123 (revised 2004), "Share-Based Payment"
("SFAS 123R"). SFAS 123R establishes accounting guidance for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in
which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity's equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity
instruments. Equity-classified awards are measured at grant date fair value and are not subsequently remeasured. Liability-classified awards are remeasured to fair value at each balance sheet date
until the award is settled. SFAS 123R applies to all awards granted after July 1, 2005, and to awards modified, repurchased or cancelled after that date using a modified version of
prospective application. We are currently determining the effect of SFAS 123R on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Please
refer to Note 1 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our significant accounting policies.
INFLATION
In Germany, the average inflation rate in 2004 was 1.6% compared to 1.1% in 2003 and 1.4% in 2002. In the United States, the average inflation rates were 2.7% in
2004, 2.3% in 2003 and 1.6% in 2002. Inflation has not had a significant effect on our operating results in recent years.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our reported financial position and results of operations are sensitive to the accounting methods we select and the accounting estimates underlying the
preparation of our financial statements. The following critical accounting policies, and the related judgments and other uncertainties affecting the application of those policies, are factors you
should consider in reviewing our financial statements and the discussions in this Annual Report.
Recovery of Carrying Amount of Equipment on Operating Leases
We own equipment, primarily passenger cars and commercial vehicles, that we lease to customers under operating leases. At December 31, 2004, the total
carrying value of this equipment was €26.7 billion, compared to €24.4 billion at December 31, 2003. In both, 2004 and 2003, the carrying value of
operating leases that originated with our financial services business represented approximately 88% of the total carrying value of equipment under operating leases in the respective year.
We
carry equipment on operating leases initially at its acquisition cost and depreciate it over the contractual term of the lease using the straight-line method until it
reaches its estimated residual value. The estimated residual value represents our best estimate of the fair value of the leased equipment at the end of the lease term. We base our initial estimate on
publicly available information, and also on our own projections and historical experience regarding expected resale values for the types of equipment leased.
It
is our accounting policy to reevaluate our estimates frequently and to consider, at least quarterly, whether indications of impairment of our ability to recover the carrying value of
our investment in equipment on operating leases exist. If we determine that indications of impairment exist, we evaluate whether the total future cash flows, undiscounted and before interest, that we
expect to derive from the lease and the ultimate sale of the equipment are less than its carrying value. If the carrying value is higher than the expected total cash flows, the impairment amount we
recognize is equal to the excess of the carrying value of the equipment over its fair value.
41
We
believe that the accounting estimate related to recoverability of the carrying value of our investment in equipment on operating leases is a critical accounting estimate because:
(1)
the
evaluation is inherently judgmental and highly susceptible to change from period to period because it requires us to make assumptions about future vehicle supply and demand, and
what selling prices for used equipment will be at the end of the lease; and
(2)
the
impact of impairment charges or changes in future depreciation expense could be material to our financial statements.
If
sales incentives remain an integral part of our sales promotion activities - thereby reducing new vehicle sales prices - or if economic conditions deteriorate
in our primary markets, resale prices of used vehicles and, correspondingly, the residual values of our leased equipment could experience additional downward pressure. If used vehicle resale prices
decline, our future operating results are likely to be adversely affected by impairment charges or by increases in depreciation expense resulting from reductions in our residual value estimates.
Aside
from the risk of collecting the monthly lease payments (credit risk), which primarily resides within our Services segment, the residual value risk associated with our operating
leases is primarily shared by our Services segment and the vehicle segment that manufactured the leased equipment (i.e., Chrysler Group, Mercedes Car Group or Commercial Vehicles). The terms of the
risk sharing arrangement between Services and the respective vehicle segment vary by segment and geographic region.
We
record any pre-tax expense arising from changes in estimates of residual values in the line item "Cost of sales" in our statement of income. The recognition of impairment
charges and increases in
depreciation expense do not immediately affect our reported cash flows, although cash flows of future periods may be lower than previously anticipated due to lower proceeds from the eventual resale of
the equipment.
The
rate of recovery of the carrying value of our investments in equipment on operating leases depends on the timing and amount of operating lease payments we collect from our customers
and the proceeds we derive from the sale of the vehicle when the lease matures. To the extent the value of used vehicles decreases, we will realize less cash proceeds from sales of those vehicles at
the end of the lease term. In addition, the inability of any of our customers to make their monthly lease payments could also adversely affect our liquidity and capital resources.
In
addition, the Chrysler Group, the Mercedes Car Group and the Commercial Vehicles segment account for sales of vehicles with a guaranteed minimum resale value, such as sales to certain
rental car company customers, like an operating lease, based on the guidance in EITF 95-1, "Revenue Recognition on Sales with a Guaranteed Minimum Resale Value." These types of vehicle
sales expose us to residual value risk and require that we estimate on an ongoing basis the residual values of the vehicles at contract maturity and, if necessary, record impairment charges or
increase future depreciation expenses.
Collectibility of Financial Services Receivables
We have sales financing and finance lease receivables, which consist primarily of retail installment sales contracts, finance lease contracts, and revolving
wholesale facilities secured by passenger cars and commercial vehicles. At December 31, 2004 and 2003, our financial services business held substantially all of our sales financing and finance
lease receivables. We are exposed to collectibility risk because consumers or dealers may default on these receivables or become insolvent and the resale prices of the cars and commercial vehicles
securing these receivables may be insufficient, after selling costs, to realize the full carrying values of the receivables. Once the collectibility risk materializes, it affects the recoverability of
our owned (on-balance sheet) portfolio of finance receivables, through the allowance for credit losses, and the valuation of retained interests in finance receivables sold and securitized.
42
Allowance for Credit Losses
Our policy is to maintain an allowance for credit losses which represents our best estimate of the amount of losses incurred in our sales finance and finance
lease receivables portfolio as of the balance sheet date. We base our estimate on a systematic, ongoing review and evaluation of our credit risk. In performing this evaluation, we take into account
our historical loss experience, the size and composition of our portfolios, current economic events and conditions, the estimated fair value and adequacy of collateral and other pertinent factors.
When we evaluate homogeneous loan portfolios, we do that collectively, taking into consideration primarily historical loss experience, adjusted for the estimated impact of current economic events and
conditions, including fluctuations in the fair value and adequacy of collateral. We evaluate other receivables, such as wholesale receivables and loans to large commercial borrowers, for impairment
individually based on the fair value of available collateral. Increases in the allowance for credit losses reduce the net carrying value of the balance sheet line item "Receivables from financial
services" with a corresponding charge to the statement of income line item "Cost of sales."
We
believe that the accounting estimate related to the establishment of the allowance for credit losses is a critical accounting estimate because:
(1)
the
evaluation is inherently judgmental and requires the use of significant assumptions about expected customer default rates and collateral values, which may be susceptible to
significant change; and
(2)
changes
in the estimates about the allowance for credit losses could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Since
the risk associated with the collectibility of sales financing and finance lease receivables is almost exclusively attributable to our Services segment, the following information
refers to that segment.
We
consider the allowance for credit losses to be adequate based on information currently available and several assumptions, including the following expected average credit loss rates
for financing at December 31, 2004: 0.6% for Mercedes Car Group, 0.8% for Chrysler Group and 0.8% for Commercial Vehicles. However, additional provisions may be necessary if:
(1)
actual
credit losses exceed our estimates and assumptions about credit losses and collateral values; or
(2)
recent
changes in economic and other events and conditions adversely impact our estimates.
Weakness
in the U.S. or European economies could increase the likelihood that actual credit losses may exceed current estimates. To the extent that sales incentives remain an integral
part of sales promotion with the effect of reducing new vehicle prices, resale prices of used vehicles and, correspondingly, the collateral value of our Services segment's sales financing and finance
lease receivables could experience further downward pressure. If these factors require a significant increase in the allowance for credit losses, it could negatively affect our Services segment's and
the Group's future operating results.
At
December 31, 2004 and 2003, our Services segment's sales financing and finance lease receivables totaled €56.8 billion and
€52.6 billion, respectively. The allowance for credit losses associated with those receivables amounted to €1.1 billion at December 31, 2004, and
€1.3 billion at December 31, 2003. Included within cost of sales were net charges of €0.5 billion in 2004, €0.6 billion in
2003 and €1.0 billion in 2002 to increase the allowance for credit losses.
The
recognition of provisions for credit losses has no immediate impact on our reported cash flows. The recoverability of our sales finance receivables and finance lease receivables
depends predominantly on collections of installment payments over the respective contract terms. Our liquidity and capital resources could be adversely affected if the default rate with respect to
monthly installment payments by our customers
43
exceeds
our estimates. Decreases in collateral values would generally impact our future cash flows only if customers default and we have to repossess the vehicles.
Retained Interests in Sold Receivables
We regularly sell receivables to special purpose trusts in securitization transactions. In these transactions, we usually retain residual beneficial interests in
the sold and securitized retail and wholesale finance receivables. The value of these retained interests depends on the present value of the estimated residual cash flows after repayment of all senior
interests in the sold receivables. We determine the value of our retained interests upon the sale of the receivables and at the end of each calendar quarter using discounted cash flow modeling. The
valuation methodology considers historical and projected principal and interest collections on the sold receivables, estimated future credit losses arising from the collection of the sold receivables,
and expected repayment of principal and interest on notes issued to third parties and secured by the sold receivables. To the extent the discounted expected future cash flows are less than the
carrying amount of a retained interest, we record an impairment charge if we determine that the situation is other-than-temporary. Any such impairment charge reduces the net
carrying value of the balance sheet line item "Other receivables" and results in a corresponding charge to the statement of income line item "Revenues."
We
believe that the valuation of retained interests in sold receivables is a critical accounting estimate because:
(1)
the
valuation is inherently judgmental and requires us to use significant assumptions about expected customer default rates and collateral values, which are susceptible to significant
change; and
(2)
changes
in the estimates about the value of these retained interests could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Since
the risk associated with retained interests in sold receivables is primarily attributable to our Services segment, the following information refers to that segment.
We
believe the amounts recognized on the balance sheet for our retained interests in sold receivables are appropriate based on information currently available and several assumptions,
including an expected composite average remaining credit loss rate of 1.1% at December 31, 2004. However, an additional impairment charge may be necessary if:
(1)
actual
losses exceed our estimates and assumptions about credit losses and collateral values; or
(2)
changes
in economic and other events and conditions adversely impact future cash flows from sold loans.
Weakness
in the U.S. or European economies could increase the likelihood that actual credit losses exceed current estimates. To the extent that sales incentives remain an integral part
of sales promotion with the effect of reducing new vehicle prices, resale prices of used vehicles and, correspondingly, the collateral value realized upon repossession of defaulted sold receivables
could experience further downward pressure. If these factors result in a significant impairment of our ability to recover the carrying value of our retained interests, it could negatively affect our
future operating results and cash flows.
At
December 31, 2004 and 2003, the carrying value of our retained interests of our Services segment was €2.1 billion and
€3.2 billion, respectively. The unrealized gains associated with those retained interests amounted to €0.2 billion at December 31, 2004 and
€0.1 billion at December 31, 2003. In 2004 and 2003, the recorded impairment charge was insignificant, while in 2002 the impairment charge was
€0.1 billion.
The
recognition of impairment charges to reduce the carrying value of our retained interests does not immediately impact our reported cash flows. The realization of our retained
interests, however, predominantly depends on the excess cash flows distributed by the special purpose trusts that purchased the sold receivables. The inability of customers to make their monthly
installment payments to the trusts could result in less excess
44
cash
flows that can be distributed by the trusts. To the extent distributable excess cash flows are lower than our estimates, our liquidity and capital resources could be adversely affected.
Realizability of Equity Method Investments
We evaluate the recoverability of the carrying value of our equity method investments when there is an indication of potential impairment. When an indication of
potential impairment is present, we record a write-down of the equity investment if and when the amount of its estimated realizable value falls below carrying value and we determine that
this shortfall is other-than-temporary. Indications of a potential impairment that would cause us to perform this evaluation include, but are not necessarily limited to, an
inability of the equity investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment or a quoted market price per share that remains significantly below our
carrying amount per share for a sustained period of time.
A
decline in the quoted market price for a publicly traded equity investee below our carrying amount or the existence of operating losses for any equity investee is not necessarily an
indication that a loss in value has occurred that is other-than-temporary. In determining whether a decline in the investment's estimated realizable value is
other-than-temporary, we consider the length of time and the extent to which such value has been less than the carrying value, the financial condition and prospects of the
equity investee, and our ability and intent to retain our equity investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in value. In the event that we determine that a
decline in value is other-than-temporary, we recognize an impairment charge for the reduction in the value of the equity investment, which would be reflected in the balance
sheet line item "Investments and long-term financial assets" and in the statement of income in a separate line within "Financial income (expense), net." Impairment charges of this type are
non-cash items that would not immediately impact our reported cash flows.
We
believe that the evaluation of the realizability of the carrying value of our significant equity method investments is a critical accounting estimate because:
(1)
the
estimate of fair value involves significant judgment, primarily if the equity investee is not a publicly traded entity;
(2)
the
determination of when an impairment in value is other-than-temporary is highly judgmental;
(3)
the
carrying amount of certain equity method investments is substantial and the impact of an impairment charge on our results of operations could be material.
The
realization of the carrying value of our investment in EADS, a significant equity method investee, is primarily dependent on EADS' ability to compete successfully with its Airbus
aircraft in the commercial aircraft market in terms of price, product quality and market acceptance of new models. A continued weakness in the airline industry, declines in residual values of leased
aircraft or deteriorating financial condition of EADS' major customers could have a significant impact on EADS. As a result, orders for new aircraft and the exercise rate of existing purchase options
may be significantly lower in the future, which could adversely affect EADS' expected net cash flows, its ability to recover the carrying value of its assets and therefore our determination of
realizable value. Consequently, both the recognition of our proportionate share of EADS' future operating results - if such operating results were to deteriorate significantly from current
trends - and an impairment charge related to our ability to recover the carrying amount of our investment in EADS could adversely affect our operating results.
Since
the last months of 2002 and through September 30, 2003, the carrying value of our investment in EADS continuously and significantly exceeded its quoted market value, which
we believe was primarily due to the general weakness in worldwide economies, the aftermath of the events of September 11, 2001, the war in Iraq and the outbreak of SARS, all of which
significantly affected the airline industry. Despite a partial recovery of the share price from its all-time low of €6.50 per share in March 2003, the quoted market
value of our investment in EADS at September 30, 2003, was €3.5 billion, based on the market price per share of
45
EADS
of €13.24. The carrying value of our investment amounted to €5.5 billion at that date. We determined that such impairment was
other-than-temporary and we recognized an impairment charge of €1.96 billion in net income at September 30, 2003, which is included in financial
income.
At
December 31, 2004, the carrying value of our investment in EADS was €3.9 billion and the quoted market value of our investment was
€5.7 billion, based on the quoted share price of €21.39. The quoted market price of EADS significantly exceeds the carrying value of our investment due to the
impairment charge we recognized in 2003 and a significant rise in EADS' share price since then. The carrying value of our investment increased only by our proportionate share of EADS' comprehensive
income, less dividends received from EADS.
With
respect to the most significant assumptions used in our accounting for our investment in Toll Collect, another significant equity method investee, please refer to the discussion in
Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Sales Incentives
Sales incentives are an integral part of our vehicle business, especially with respect to the automobile business conducted by the Chrysler Group. Therefore, the
following discussion refers solely to the Chrysler Group. Chrysler Group uses sales incentives to adjust market pricing in response to a number of market and product factors, including pricing actions
and sales incentives by competitors; economic conditions; the amount of excess industry production capacity; the intensity of market competition; and consumer demand for the product. The Chrysler
Group may offer a variety of sales incentive programs at any given point in time, including: cash offers to dealers and consumers, lease subsidies which reduce the consumer's monthly lease payment, or
reduced financing rate programs offered to customers through automotive financing partners.
At
the time of sale to the dealer, the Chrysler Group records as a reduction to revenue and as an accrued liability the estimated impact of sales incentives expected to be paid to
dealers and customers at the time of the retail sale. The amount by which revenue is reduced is based on assumptions as to which of the incentive options available will be selected by the customer as
well as judgments about market conditions and the
pricing actions of competitors. The accuracy of the Chrysler Group's accrued liability for the estimated cost of sales incentives programs is dependent on a number of assumptions, including the
specific incentives that dealers and consumers will select from available alternatives; the length of the reduced rate financing contract that consumers select; and the value of programs that will be
in effect when a vehicle is purchased by a consumer. The actual cost to the Chrysler Group of the sales incentives programs may be different from the amount accrued. We adjust the accrued liability
for sales incentives cost accordingly in the period that the retail sale occurs. These adjustments could positively or negatively impact operating profit. Dealers sell the majority of vehicles they
hold in inventory to consumers within a relatively short period of time, generally 90 calendar days or less from the time they purchased the vehicles from Chrysler Group. Accordingly, we make
adjustments to the accrual for sales incentives within a short period of time from when we estimated these accruals. This adjustment could have a material effect on the Chrysler Group's operating
results for the particular reporting period in which an adjustment of the estimated accrual is recorded.
The
recognition of accruals for sales incentives does not initially affect reported cash flows. Instead, our cash flows are negatively affected at the time the Chrysler Group pays the
incentive, which generally occurs shortly after the sale of the vehicle to the customer.
Liability for Product Warranties
We generally provide warranties on our products which cover a variety of manufacturing and other defects for periods of up to seven years. We provide product
warranties for specific periods of time and/or usage of the product, and the warranties vary depending upon the type of product, the geographic location of its sale and other factors. The liability
for product warranties covers, for example, our various contractual warranty programs, goodwill coverage, recall campaigns and buyback commitments which could result from
46
regulatory
requirements. Our product warranties are generally consistent with commercial practices. We record a liability for the expected cost of warranty-related claims when we sell the product to a
third party, when we initiate a new warranty program, or depending on the reporting segment upon lease inception. The amount of the warranty liability, which is included in
the balance sheet line item "Accrued liabilities," with a corresponding charge included as a component of "Cost of sales" in the statement of income, reflects our estimate of the expected future costs
of fulfilling our obligations under the respective warranty plans. Our obligations for product warranties predominately affect our Chrysler Group segment, our Mercedes Car Group segment, and our
Commercial Vehicles segment. At December 31, 2004 and 2003, our total accrued liabilities for product warranties were €10.9 billion and
€9.2 billion, respectively. This increase is in part attributable to the quality actions and recall campaigns initiated at our newly-consolidated subsidiary Mitsubishi Fuso
Truck and Bus Corporation (MFTBC) as well as quality enhancing measures at our Mercedes Car Group segment. Please refer to Notes 4 and 35 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a detailed
discussion of the quality actions and recall campaigns initiated at MFTBC.
We
base our estimates for accrued warranty costs primarily on historical warranty claim experience. Because portions of the products sold and warranted by us contain parts manufactured
(and warranted) by our suppliers, the amount of warranty costs accrued also contains an estimate of warranty claim recoveries from suppliers. Sometimes we have to make cost estimates associated with
the development of new technical solutions which might require regulatory certification prior to the implementation of the service actions or recall campaigns. Since we have to use a variety of
assumptions when we develop the estimates for accrued warranty costs, our estimated warranty obligations can vary depending upon the assumptions used.
We
believe that the determination of our liability for warranty obligations is a critical accounting estimate for each of our three vehicle segments because:
(1)
the
evaluation is inherently judgmental and requires the use of significant assumptions about future warranty claim rates, amounts of future repair costs per vehicle, the impact of no
mileage or time limits in connection with recall campaigns, and the extent of any recoveries we can obtain from suppliers; and
(2)
warranty
cost accruals require adjustments from time-to-time when actual warranty claim experience differs from our estimates and the resulting impact on our
results of operations and financial condition could be material.
The
recording of the warranty obligation initially has no impact on our operating cash flows.
Our
operating cash flows change as we pay or settle actual warranty costs. Our liquidity and capital resources could be negatively impacted if actual warranty costs exceed our estimates.
Pension and Other Post-retirement Benefits
As more fully described in Note 25a to our Consolidated Financial Statements, we provide pension benefits to substantially all of our hourly and salaried
employees, and also provide other post-retirement benefits to employees in North America. We actuarially determine these pension and other post-retirement benefit costs and
obligations using the projected unit credit method, and the amounts calculated depend on a variety of assumptions. These assumptions include discount rates, rates for expected returns on plan assets,
rates for compensation, mortality rates, retirement rates, health care cost trend rates and other factors. Under U.S. GAAP, we accumulate and amortize over future periods actual results that differ
from the assumptions used. Therefore, actual results generally affect our recognized expense and recorded liabilities for pension and other post-retirement benefit obligations in future
periods.
Pension benefits
At December 31, 2004, our projected pension benefit obligations exceeded plan assets on the Group level, which represents the "underfunded status" of our
plans, by €3.6 billion for all German plans and €3.0 billion
47
for
all non-German plans. The following table shows the effect of assumed changes in the rate of actual return on plan assets, the discount rate and the expected long-term
return rate on plan assets on the funded status of our pension benefit obligations at December 31, 2004:
German Plans
Non-German Plans
(€ in millions)
Actual 2004 return on plan assets +/- 5 percentage points
+/- 405
+/- 825
Year-end 2004 discount rate +/- 25 basis points
+/- 410
+/- 610
Long-term return rate on plan assets +/- 50 basis points
None
None
At December 31, 2004, pension benefit obligations decreased our stockholders' equity by €0.5 billion for all German
plans and €0.2 billion for all non-German plans. The following table shows the after-tax effect of assumed changes in the rate of actual return on plan
assets, the discount rate and the expected long-term return rate on plan assets on our stockholders' equity at December 31, 2004:
German Plans
Non-German Plans
(€ in millions)
Actual 2004 return on plan assets +/- 5 percentage points
+/- 250
+/- 515
Year-end 2004 discount rate +/- 25 basis points
+/- 250
+/- 380
Long-term return rate on plan assets +/- 50 basis points
None
None
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we determine our pension benefit expense at the beginning of the calendar year based on assumptions which include a
weighted average expected rate of return on plan assets. The expected rate of return for U.S. plans is based on long-term actual portfolio results, historical total market returns and an
assessment of the expected returns for the asset classes in the portfolios. The assumptions are based on surveys of large asset portfolio managers and peer group companies of future return
expectations over the next ten years. Using "Modern Portfolio Theory," historical correlation, volatilities, and projected asset returns, we develop a target asset mix for these plans. We utilize a
ten year return history in our evaluation, consistent with SFAS 87 which refers to the expected rate as the long-term rate of return on plan assets. Accordingly, negative returns during a
one or two-year period may not significantly change the historical long-term rate of return such as to necessitate or warrant revision of the expected long-term
rate of return.
We
employ a similar process to determine the expected rate of return on plan assets for German Plans. We use both capital market surveys as well as the expertise of major banks and
industry professionals to determine the expected rate of return on plan assets.
The
expected rate of return on plan assets for German Plans and for non-German Plans (primarily U.S. plans) set for 2002 was 7.9% and 10.1%, respectively. During 2002, we
decided to shift gradually the pension fund portfolio asset distribution towards a mix more weighted with fixed income assets than in prior years, which by definition, would modestly lower return
expectations. In addition, at that time, the investment committee's analysis of market trends caused management to believe that future long-term returns for equities and fixed income
assets would be lower than the returns experienced over the previous 25 years. As a result, we lowered the expected rates of return to 7.5% for
German plans and 8.5% for non-German plans as of January 1, 2003 which remained constant through December 31, 2004.
The
actual rate of return on plan assets in 2004 and 2003 was 8.2% and 14.6% for German plan assets, and 13.7% and 23.0% for non-German plan assets, respectively. For 2005,
we are assuming a weighted average long-term rate of return on plan assets of 7.5% for German plans and 8.5% for non-German plans. For the year ended December 31, 2004,
our total pension benefit expense was €0.9 billion for all plans. We estimate that our total pension benefit expense will increase by €0.1 billion in
2005.
Actual
experience different from that assumed and changes in assumptions can result in gains and losses that we have not yet recognized in our Consolidated Financial Statements. We
recognize amortization of any
48
unrecognized
net gain or loss as a component of our pension expense for a year if, as of the beginning of the year, such unrecognized net gain or loss exceeds 10% of the greater of (1) the
projected benefit obligation or (2) the fair value at year end for the German plan's assets and the market-related value of the U.S. plan's assets. In such case, the amount of amortization we
recognize is the resulting excess divided by the average remaining service period of active employees expected to receive benefits under the plan. In addition to the estimated increase in our total
pension benefit expense of €0.1 billion in 2005, the following table shows the effect of assumed changes in the rate of actual return on plan assets, the discount rate and the
expected long-term return rate on plan assets on our pension benefit expense (before income tax benefits) for the year ended December 31, 2005:
German Plans
Non-German Plans
(€ in millions)
Actual 2004 return on plan assets +/- 5 percentage points
+/- 55
+/- 30
Year-end 2004 discount rate +/- 25 basis points
+/- 25
+/- 45
Long-term return rate on plan assets +/- 50 basis points
+/- 45
+/- 100
Other Post-retirement benefits
At December 31, 2004, our accumulated post-retirement benefit obligations exceeded plan assets on the Group level by
€12.8 billion, which represents the "funded status" of our plans. Had the following occurred or been used, the funded status of our other post-retirement benefit
obligations at December 31, 2004 would have been impacted accordingly:
All Plans
(€ in millions)
Actual 2004 return on plan assets +/- 5 percentage points
+/- 70
Year-end 2004 discount rate +/- 25 basis points
+/- 410
Assumed initial health care cost trend rate +/- 1 percentage point
+/- 115
Long-term return rate on plan assets +/- 50 basis points
None
Changes in the rate of actual return on plan assets, the discount rate and the assumed health care cost trend rate would not have an impact on our
net liability recognized in our consolidated balance sheet. Effects from changes in these assumptions would be included in our unrecognized net actuarial losses at December 31, 2004.
In
accordance with U.S. GAAP, we determine our other post-retirement benefit expense at the beginning of the calendar year. We have based our determination on a variety of
assumptions, including an expected rate of return on plan assets. U.S. post-retirement benefit plan assets utilize an asset allocation substantially similar to that of the pension assets.
The expected rate of return, therefore, is the same for both portfolios. Accordingly, the conclusions for expected rate of return on pension plan assets, noted above, also apply to
post-retirement plan assets.
For
the year ended December 31, 2004, our total other post-retirement benefit expense was €1.2 billion for all plans. We have determined our
2004 total other post-retirement benefit expense using an assumed weighted average long-term expected rate of return on our plans' assets of 8.5% as of January 1, 2004.
The actual return on plan assets in 2004 was a positive return of 11.1%.
Actual
experience different from that assumed and changes in assumptions can result in gains and losses that we have not yet recognized in our Consolidated Financial Statements. We
recognize amortization of any unrecognized net gain or loss as a component of our total other post-retirement benefit expense for a year if, as of the beginning of the year, such
unrecognized net gain or loss exceeds 10% of the greater of the accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation or the market-related value of the plan's assets. In such case,
49
the
amount of amortization we recognize is the resulting excess divided by the average remaining service period of active employees expected to receive benefits under the plan. For 2005, we will
assume a weighted average long-term rate of return on plan assets of 8.5%. As a result of amortization of unrecognized net losses from actual experience different from assumptions used we
estimate that our total other post-retirement benefit expense will increase by €0.1 billion in 2005, based on the assumptions used and our plan assets at
December 31, 2004.
In
addition to the estimated increase in our total other post-retirement expense of €0.1 billion in 2005, the following table shows the effect of
assumed changes in the rate of actual return on plan assets, the discount rate, the assumed health care cost trend rate and the expected long-term return rate on plan assets on our total
other post-retirement benefit expense (before income tax benefits) for the year ended December 31, 2005:
All Plans
(€ in millions)
Actual 2004 return on plan assets +/- 5 percentage points
+/- 15
Year-end 2004 discount rate +/- 25 basis points
+/- 35
Assumed initial health care cost trend rate +/- 1 percentage point
+/- 20
Long-term return rate on plan assets +/- 50 basis points
+/- 10
We applied the accounting and disclosure requirements related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003
(Medicare Act) for subsidies provided under the Medicare Act, in the third quarter of 2004 with retroactive application as of January 1, 2004. Please refer to Note 25a to our
Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about the impact of the Medicare Act on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
For
a discussion of a potential impact on our liquidity and capital resources, please refer to the explanations we provide under the heading "Liquidity and Capital Resources
Benefit Plan Obligations and Costs" in "Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects."
OPERATING RESULTS
We have five business segments: (1) Mercedes Car Group; (2) Chrysler Group; (3) Commercial Vehicles; (4) Services; and
(5) Other Activities.
Information about Operating Profit
We measure the performance of our operating segments primarily through "Operating Profit." Our consolidated operating profit (loss) is the sum of the operating
profits and losses of our segments, adjusted for consolidation and elimination entries. Please refer to Note 35 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for information about how we determine
segment operating profit (loss).
Reconciliation from operating profit (loss) to income (loss) before financial income
In the following tables, we provide a reconciliation of the operating profits and losses of our segments to the measures we use in our consolidated statements of
income. Since some income and expense items (e.g.,
interest income and interest expense), are not recorded at or allocated to our segments, we have reconciled the operating profits (losses) to income (loss) before financial income for each segment.
You can find a reconciliation of total segment operating profit (loss) to our consolidated income before income taxes, minority interests, discontinued operations, extraordinary items, and the
cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles in Note 35 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
50
Year Ended December 31, 2004
(€ in millions)
Mercedes
Car Group
Chrysler
Group
Commercial
Vehicles
Services
Other
Activities
Total
Segments
Eliminations
Group
Operating Profit (Loss)
1,666
1,427
1,332
1,250
456
6,131
(377
)
5,754
Pension and post-retirement benefit income (expenses), other than current and prior service costs and settlement/curtailment losses
(34
)
(697
)
(55
)
(5
)
(54
)
(845
)
0
(845
)
Operating (profit) loss from affiliated and associated companies and financial (income) loss from related operating companies
2
9
(9
)
549
(539
)
12
75
87
Operating (profit) loss from discontinued operations
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Pre-tax gains from the sale of operating businesses and discontinued operations
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Miscellaneous items
0
(5
)
(364
)
(4
)
(11
)
(384
)
0
(384
)
Income (loss) before financial income
1,634
734
904
1,790
(148
)
4,914
(302
)
4,612
Year Ended December 31, 2003
(€ in millions)
Mercedes
Car Group
Chrysler
Group
Commercial
Vehicles
Services
Other
Activities
Total
Segments
Eliminations
Group
Operating Profit (Loss)
3,126
(506
)
811
1,240
1,329
6,000
(314
)
5,686
Pension and post-retirement benefit income (expenses), other than current and prior service costs and settlement/curtailment losses
(136
)
(561
)
(114
)
(5
)
(54
)
(870
)
0
(870
)
Operating (profit) loss from affiliated and associated companies and financial (income) loss from related operating companies
(116
)
60
(103
)
325
(329
)
(163
)
158
(5
)
Operating (profit) loss from discontinued operations
0
0
0
0
(84
)
(84
)
0
(84
)
Pre-tax gains from the sale of operating businesses and discontinued operations
0
0
0
0
(1,031
)
(1,031
)
0
(1,031
)
Miscellaneous items
0
(32
)
(9
)
(17
)
(250
)
(308
)
0
(308
)
Income (loss) before financial income
2,874
(1,039
)
585
1,543
(419
)
3,544
(156
)
3,388
51
Year Ended December 31, 2002
(€ in millions)
Mercedes
Car Group
Chrysler
Group
Commercial
Vehicles
Services
Other
Activities
Total
Segments
Eliminations
Group
Operating Profit (Loss)
3,020
609
(392
)
3,060
952
7,249
(395
)
6,854
Pension and post-retirement benefit income (expenses), other than current and prior service costs and settlement/curtailment losses
(15
)
369
(37
)
(5
)
(55
)
257
0
257
Operating (profit) loss from affiliated and associated companies and financial (income) loss from related operating companies
(64
)
40
(12
)
183
(801
)
(654
)
157
(497
)
Operating (profit) loss from discontinued operations
0
0
0
0
(153
)
(153
)
0
(153
)
Pre-tax gains from the sale of operating businesses and discontinued operations
0
0
0
(2,484
)
(156
)
(2,640
)
0
(2,640
)
Miscellaneous items
16
(57
)
(11
)
(59
)
(1
)
(112
)
10
(102
)
Income (loss) before financial income
2,957
961
(452
)
695
(214
)
3,947
(228
)
3,719
"Pension and post-retirement benefit income (expenses), other than current and prior service costs and settlement/curtailment losses"
is the sum of the interest cost, the expected return on plan assets and the amortization of unrecognized net actuarial gains or losses. We exclude from operating profit (loss) these components of the
net periodic pension and post-retirement benefit income (expense), since they are driven by financial factors and do not reflect the operating performance of the segments.
"Operating
profit (loss) from affiliated and associated companies and financial income (loss) from related operating companies" includes the contributions to earnings from our operating
investments, which we report as a component of financial income (loss), net, in the consolidated statements of income. We allocate these contributions to the operating profit (loss) of the respective
segments. In 2004, we allocated a net operating loss of €87 million from our operating investments to our segments. The decrease compared with the prior year was primarily a
result of a negative contribution to earnings from our equity investment in Toll Collect, which was only partially offset by significantly improved contributions from our equity investment in EADS.
The decrease in this reconciling item in 2003 compared to 2002 was mainly due to a negative contribution to earnings from our equity investment in Mitsubishi Motors Corporations and lower positive
contributions from our equity method investment in EADS.
"Operating
profit (loss) from discontinued operations" shows the operating profit of MTU Aero Engines, which we report as discontinued operations in our consolidated statements of income
(loss).
"Pre-tax
gains from the sale of operating businesses and discontinued operations" pertains to gains and losses from the sale of minority shareholdings held as operating
investments which we allocate to the operating profit (loss) of the respective segments and show in the consolidated statements of income under "Financial income (loss), net." In 2003, we also
allocated the pre-tax gain of €1.0 billion realized on the sale of our MTU Aero Engines business to this item.
"Miscellaneous
items" includes income and expenses which do not affect our operating business. In 2004, this line item is almost entirely comprised of third party minority interests in
the expenses associated with the quality measures and recall campaigns at Mitsubishi Fuso Truck and Bus Company, or MFTBC. The minority interest in those expenses is not part of operating profit since
they were incurred as a result of quality problems that originated before we invested in MFTBC. In 2003, this item was almost solely comprised of a charge of $300 million (approximately
€240 million adjusted for currency translation effects), which arose from the settlement of a consolidated class-action case relating to the merger of Daimler-Benz
and Chrysler.
52
We
have applicable insurance policies aggregating approximately €200 million (€25 million primary insurance; €175 million excess
insurance) to which extent we are seeking reimbursement of the settlement payment. We will recognize any reimbursement as income in the period we receive it. We filed a lawsuit in February 2005
seeking reimbursement form the excess insurers.
Overview of Business Segment Revenues and Operating Profit (Loss)
You should read the following discussion in conjunction with Notes 1 and 35 to our Consolidated Financial Statements and the discussions under the headings
"Critical Accounting Policies" in this Item 5 and "Risk Factors" in Item 3. For a discussion of the hedging instruments and hedging techniques we employ, please refer to the discussion in "Item 11.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk." and to Note 33 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
The
following table presents revenues and operating profit (loss) for each of our five business segments during the last three fiscal years.
DaimlerChrysler Group
Business Segment Revenues and Operating Profit (Loss)
Year Ended December 31,
2004
2003
2002
(€ in millions)
Revenues
Operating
Profit (Loss)
Revenues
2
Operating
Profit (Loss)
2
Revenues
2
Operating
Profit (Loss)
2
Mercedes Car Group
49,630
1,666
51,446
3,126
50,170
3,020
Chrysler Group
49,498
1,427
49,321
(506
)
60,181
609
Commercial Vehicles
1
34,764
1,332
26,806
811
26,766
(392
)
Services
13,939
1,250
14,037
1,240
15,699
3,060
Other Activities
1
2,200
456
4,084
1,329
4,358
952
Eliminations
(7,972
)
(377
)
(9,257
)
(314
)
(9,806
)
(395
)
Total
142,059
5,754
136,437
5,686
147,368
6,854
1
Effective
January 1, 2004, we allocated the Off-Highway activities previously included in our Commercial Vehicles segment to the Other Activities
segment. We have adjusted prior period amounts accordingly.
2
Revenues
and operating profit of the Other Activities segment for the years 2003 and 2002 include the revenues and operating results of MTU Aero Engines. In addition, the
2003 operating profit of the Other Activities segment includes the gain from the sale of MTU Aero Engines. To reconcile total segment revenues to our total Group revenues, which do not include MTU
Aero Engines revenues since we report those revenues as discontinued operations in our consolidated statements of income, we eliminated MTU Aero Engines revenues in the line "Eliminations."
Acquisitions, dispositions and other changes in segment composition
In the following paragraphs, we describe the more significant acquisitions, dispositions, and other changes in segment composition that affected the
year-to-year comparability of revenues and operating profit (loss) of our Commercial Vehicles, Services and Other Activities segments. You can find additional information about
these transactions in "Item 4. Information on the Company" and in Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Commercial Vehicles
Off-Highway.
Effective January 1, 2004, we allocated the Off-Highway activities of our Commercial Vehicles
segment to the Other Activities segment, and we have adjusted prior period amounts accordingly.
53
MFTBC.
On March 18, 2004, we acquired an additional 22% interest in MFTBC from MMC. Since March 31, 2004, we have included
the revenues and consolidated results of MFTBC with a one-month time lag in our Commercial Vehicles segment. Prior to March 31, 2004, we accounted for our proportionate share in
MFTBC's results in the Commercial Vehicles segment using the equity method of accounting.
HMC.
In May 2004, as part of the realignment of our strategic alliance with HMC, we sold our non-controlling 50%
interest in DaimlerHyundai Truck Corporation to HMC for a total pre-tax gain of €60 million.
Services
T-Systems ITS.
In January 2002, we exercised our option to sell our 49.9% interest in T-Systems ITS to
Deutsche Telekom AG for €4.7 billion. The sale closed in March 2002 and resulted in a gain of €2.5 billion that is part of our 2002 operating
profit. Our 2002 operating profit also included our 49.9% share of the operating profit of T-Systems ITS through February 28, 2002.
Other Activities
Off-Highway.
Effective January 1, 2004, we allocated the Off-Highway activities of our Commercial Vehicles
segment to the Other Acitivities segment. We have adjusted prior period amounts accordingly.
MMC.
Following a corporate restructuring at MMC, we ceased to account for our investment in MMC using the equity method of accounting on
June 29, 2004. Therefore, our Other Activities segment includes our share of MMC's operating results only for the periods up to June 29, 2004.
MTU Aero Engines.
On December 31, 2003, we sold MTU Aero Engines GmbH (MTU) and its subsidiaries to the investment company Kohlberg
Kravis Roberts & Co. Ltd. (KKR). As required by U.S. GAAP, we reclassified the results of MTU and the gain on the sale of this business as discontinued operations in our consolidated
statements of income and report them accordingly. We have adjusted our consolidated statements of income for 2003 and 2002 to reflect this presentation. As a result of the transaction, we recorded a
gain of €1.0 billion which is included in the 2003 operating profit of our Other Activities segment.
TEMIC.
On April 1, 2002, we exercised our option to sell our 40% interest in Conti Temic microelectronic GmbH (TEMIC) for
€0.2 billion, which resulted in a gain of €0.2 billion. This gain and our 40% share of the operating profit of TEMIC for the period January 1, 2002
through March 31, 2002 are included in the 2002 operating profit of the Other Activities segment.
The
segment discussions on pages 58 to 62 describe in more detail the specific market factors which affected the operating results of our segments.
2004 Compared With 2003
We computed the percentages in the following discussion using unrounded amounts and numbers. Some of these percentage expressions may, therefore, not reflect the
precise relationships between the stated rounded amounts and numbers.
DaimlerChrysler Group
Revenues
In 2004, our revenues increased 4% to €142.1 billion compared to €136.4 billion in 2003. This increase was primarily
due to significantly higher unit sales at our Commercial Vehicles segment, which in part were the result of the consolidation of MFTBC. We have included MFTBC's revenues since March 31, 2004
with a one-month lag. Chrysler Group also achieved significant revenue improvements, but these improvements were largely offset by currency translation effects. Overall, the significant
appreciation of the euro against select world currencies, primarily the U.S. dollar, and lower revenues at Mercedes Car Group prevented a more
54
significant
increase in revenues. If exchange rates had remained at the prior year's level, our revenues would have been €8.4 billion higher. Following is a brief overview of
year-to-year changes in revenues of our primary business segments.
Mercedes Car Group
revenues decreased 4% to €49.6 billion due primarily to lower unit sales of
Mercedes-Benz vehicles and a shift in the product mix to lower priced vehicles.
Chrysler Group
revenues increased to €49.5 billion, primarily as a result of higher worldwide factory unit sales, a
lower average sales incentive expense per vehicle and a shift in product mix to higher priced vehicles, largely offset by the appreciation of the euro against the U.S. dollar. Measured in U.S.
dollars, the principal functional currency of the Chrysler Group, revenues increased 10%.
Commercial Vehicles
revenues increased significantly from €26.8 billion in 2003 to
€34.8 billion in 2004. This increase was due in part to a €3.6 billion revenue contribution of MFTBC following its consolidation and to significantly
higher unit sales of trucks, vans and buses in all major markets. The Group's Consolidated Financial Statements include MFTBC's revenues with a one-month lag since March 31, 2004.