ARCADIA RESOURCES, INC - 10-K - 20060629 - BUSINESS
Part I
Item 1. Description of Business.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Arcadia Resources, Inc. provides home health care services and products through its
subsidiaries 108 operating locations in 24 states. Arcadia Services, Inc. a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Arcadia Resources, Inc., is a national provider of home care and staffing services
currently operating in 19 states through its 76 locations, referred to herein as the Services
Division. The Products Division includes Arcadia HOME (home oxygen and medical equipment), which
provides respiratory and durable medical equipment to patients in 11 states through its 25
locations, including a full-service mail-order pharmacy operated for the benefit of all of our
patients. Our Retail Division consists of six retail operations, a home health-oriented mail order
catalog and a related retail website.
At March 31, 2004, the Company was Critical Home Care, Inc. (CHC). RKDA, Inc. completed a
reverse acquisition with CHC on May 10, 2004 and, being the accounting acquirer, is now the
reporting entity for financial statement purposes. We changed our name from Critical Home Care,
Inc. to Arcadia Resources, Inc. on November 16, 2004 to better reflect our identity and
businesses as a result of the business combinations.
From August 2004 to March 31, 2005, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of six
businesses, representing 11 locations in seven states. Three of these businesses provide
respiratory and durable medical equipment to patients in the home, marking Arcadias expansion of
product offerings to patients cared for in the home environment. We acquired 15 businesses during
the year ended March 31, 2006; three of which added nine locations to the Services Division, ten
acquisitions added 12 additional locations to the Products Division and two transactions helped
establish the Retail Division.
STRATEGY
Brand our name and concept.
We intend to brand Arcadia as a provider of a wide array of home care
services and products in the markets where we operate as evidenced by our name change to facilitate
recognition and future marketing.
Focus on internal growth.
We intend to focus on our existing patient base and provide additional
products and services to those patients through an initiative to provide a more comprehensive
solution to our patients and their caregivers. Arcadia intends to continue working with its
locations on marketing programs and education on the best practices to increase the overall
penetration within existing markets.
Complete strategic acquisitions.
We intend to seek and complete acquisitions that complement our
existing operations and/or markets that management deems attractive for expansion based on a
variety of business factors.
Improve organizational support
. We intend to continue to improve our organizations effectiveness
and performance through increased standardization and support to the operating locations. We will
expand our information systems capabilities to obtain better data with which to make decisions, to
provide more abilities to our operating locations to enhance their productivity, and to obtain
operating efficiencies.
Obtain capital support
. We intend to obtain additional capital to enable us to make the planned
acquisitions and expansions timely that will allow accomplishment of our objectives and bolster our
brand. We expect to eventually move the trading of our common stock to a national stock exchange.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
Home Care (Skilled and Personal Care) and Staffing (Medical and Non-Medical)
Arcadia Services, Inc. is a national provider of staffing and home care services operating in
19 states through 76 locations. Arcadia Services home care staffing includes personal care aides,
home care aides, homemakers and companions. We also offer physical therapists, occupational
therapists, speech pathologists and medical social workers. Arcadia Services medical staffing
includes registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, certified nursing assistants, respiratory
therapists, technicians and medical assistants. Its non-medical staffing includes light industrial,
clerical and technical personnel and represents only 13% of our revenue.
Respiratory and Durable Medical Equipment and Related Products
We operate durable medical equipment businesses providing oxygen and other respiratory therapy
services and home medical equipment in 11 states through our 25 locations. The Companys equipment
and supplies for these businesses are readily available in the marketplace and the Company is not
dependent on a single supplier. Reimbursement and payor sources include Medicare, Medicaid,
insurance companies, managed care groups, HMOs, PPOs and private pay (payments from patients).
Mail Order Pharmacy and Related Products
Arcadia Rx is a full-service mail-order pharmacy based in Kentucky. Arcadia Rx offers a
full-line of services and products including the dispensing of pills and other medications
including multi-dose strip medication packages, respiratory supplies and medications, diabetic care
management, drug interaction monitoring, and special assisted living medication packaging. Arcadia
Rx ships medications and supplies directly to the customers residence. Arcadia Rx submits billing
claims on the patients behalf to Medicare, some state Medicaid programs, and most private
insurances. Multi-dose strip medication is packaged to facilitate patient compliance with
physicians orders and to improve accuracy for patients and their caregivers, leading to a greater
efficacy of the prescribed drug therapy.
Retail Distribution
In March of 2005, Arcadia Health Care Solutions, Inc., a subsidiary of Arcadia Resources,
Inc., and Sears, Roebuck and Co. executed a multi-year licensing agreement under which Arcadia
Health Care Solutions will sell merchandise and services within selected Sears stores in designated
territories. Arcadia Health Care Solutions will operate this business under the name Sears Home
Healthcare. The license agreement commenced in May 2005. Initial product and service offerings
will include ambulatory and mobility products, respiratory products, daily living aids and bathroom
safety products, and bathroom and home modifications. We also operate a home health-oriented
products catalog and related website to sell similar and additional products to serve our patients,
along with persons on our directed mailing list compiled over many years and the general public
through the website.
ORGANIZATION
OPERATIONS
Arcadias 108 operating locations are split into the Divisions described above and further into
regions to enable seasoned managers to oversee the operations in their regions and evaluate each
location individually for performance and profitability. Each location manager is responsible for
the sales and delivery of services to the local market. Strategic development, financial control
and operating policies are administered at the corporate level. Reporting mechanisms are in place
at the operating center level to monitor performance and to ensure accountability at the location
level.
MANAGEMENT
We have a decentralized management approach which we believe allows the local management to more
effectively deal with the challenges and opportunities presented by their local marketplace. The
delivery of health care services and products is conceptually the same but can be significantly
different between markets due to a variety of local factors such as the availability and quality of
services at hospitals and other facilities. These differences often create opportunities that only
a local manager would be able to discern and capitalize on in a timely manner.
SALES AND MARKETING
Arcadias referral sources recognize our reputation for providing high-quality services through our
employee base. The sales function is carried out by our full-time sales representatives at each
location with assistance and guidance from a regional manager. Our principal referral sources are
physicians, case managers, medical social workers and hospital discharge planners and existing
patients or their caregivers. No single referral source accounts for more than one percent of our
revenues. Arcadia has more than 25,000 patients and the loss of any particular referral source
would not significantly impact our business.
Arcadia Services has developed a proprietary management information system for the home care and
staffing services portion of our business that we believe is one of our competitive advantages in
obtaining and retaining customers. The system allows a flexibility and customization in billing our
services that is attractive to our customers and provides management with the necessary information
to timely measure its performance. A new accounts receivable system purchased from a
highly-regarded software company for the pharmacy, respiratory and medical equipment claims was
recently put in place to standardize the billing and reporting for those claims. All information is
aggregated at the location level and locations performance and profitability are managed
individually. The Company expects to expend resources during the next two years to continue to
enhance our ability to obtain better and more timely information with which to manage the business.
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE MANAGEMENT
We perform the accounts receivable management at two national billing centers, one for home care
and staffing services claims and one for pharmacy, respiratory and medical equipment claims,
staffed with experienced reimbursement personnel, supported by strong information systems.
Third-party reimbursement is a detailed and complicated process that involves knowledge of and
compliance with regulatory and billing processing issues. Success in billing and collections is
vital to our business plan, which drives our continued focus on investment in improving these
capabilities.
COMPLIANCE
Arcadia has a dedicated credentialing and compliance group that manages our licensure, contracting
and related processes to ensure compliance with regulatory matters. Compliance with billing related
matters is performed continually by the billing center personnel, managed by seasoned personnel in
their respective areas of expertise including quality control.
ACCREDITATION AND EDUCATION
The Companys locations are not accredited by independent accreditation agencies. We continuously
consider the need for obtaining accreditation, primarily to be eligible for those contractual
awards that require such credentials. We continue to standardize our operations to facilitate
future accreditation. We offer computer-based continuing professional education to our health care
professionals to recruit and retain employees and to ensure their ease in obtaining the required
education for the maintenance of their respective licenses.
COMPETITION AND MARKET CONDITIONS
Competition for the medical staffing, non-medical staffing and home care industries is based upon
the quality of the employee, the availability of the employee, the cost of the employee and the
geography. Staffing and home care industries include national, international, regional and local
firms that compete with each other to attract employees and to obtain and maintain customers. A
local presence is essential to establish the name/brand recognition as a provider of qualified
staff and home care aides that must meet specific job requirements, while suppliers of longer term
employees must have the reputation and reach to meet the needs of customers across the country.
The segment of the health care market in which our respiratory and durable medical equipment and
related businesses operate is fragmented and highly competitive. There are a limited number of
national providers and numerous regional and local providers operating in each of our product and
service line markets.
According to an industry report, consolidation activity in the home care industry has increased and
is expected to continue to increase due to both the projected increased demand for skilled
employees and the projected staffing shortage, especially in nursing, as well as to obtain the
necessary infrastructure to comply with new health care regulations.
SUPPLIERS
We purchase equipment and supplies from various vendors and manufacturers. We are not dependent
upon any single supplier and believe that our product needs can be met by an adequate number of
various manufacturers.
Our health care-related businesses (e.g., durable medical equipment, pharmacy, oxygen, home health
care, etc.) are subject to extensive government regulation, including numerous laws directed at
preventing fraud and abuse and laws regulating reimbursement under various governmental programs.
The federal government and all states in which we currently operate and intend to operate regulate
various aspects of our health care related businesses. In particular, our operating branches are
subject to federal laws covering the repackaging of drugs (including oxygen) and regulating
interstate motor-carrier transportation. Our locations also will be subject to state laws
governing, among other things, pharmacies, nursing services, distribution of medical equipment and
certain types of home health care activities. Certain of our employees are subject to state laws
and regulations governing the ethics and professional practice of respiratory therapy and nursing
and in the future, pharmacy.
As a health care supplier, we are subject to extensive government regulation, including numerous
laws directed at preventing fraud and abuse and laws regulating reimbursement under various
government programs. The marketing, billing, documentation and other practices of health care
companies are all subject to government scrutiny. To ensure compliance with Medicare and other
regulations, regional carriers often conduct audits and request patient records and other documents
to support claims submitted by our company for payment of services rendered to patients. Similarly,
government agencies periodically open investigations and obtain information from health care
providers pursuant to the legal process. Violations of federal and state regulations can result in
severe criminal, civil and administrative penalties and sanctions, including disqualification from
Medicare and other reimbursement programs.
Health care is an area of rapid regulatory change. Changes in law and regulations, as well as new
interpretations of existing laws and regulations may affect permissible activities, the relative
costs associated with doing business, and reimbursement amounts paid by federal, state and other
third party payors. We can not predict the future of federal, state and local regulation or
legislation, including Medicare and Medicaid statutes and regulations, or possible changes in
national health care policies, each of which could have a material adverse impact on our company.
Material laws and regulations that affect our operations include, but are not necessarily limited
to, Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement laws; laws permitting Medicare, Medicaid and other payors
to audit claims and seek repayment when claims have been over paid; laws such as the Health
Insurance Portability and Accountability Act regulating the privacy of individually identifiable
health information; laws prohibiting kickbacks and the exchange of remuneration as an inducement
for the provision of reimbursable services or products; laws regulating physician self-referral
relationships; and laws prohibiting the submission of false claims.
EMPLOYEES
As of March 31, 2006, we had over 14,000 employees, the majority of which were part-time temporary
field employees. We have no unionized employees, and do not have any collective bargaining
agreements. We believe our relationship with our employees is good.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
We believe that we are currently in compliance, in all material respects, with applicable federal,
state and local statutes and ordinances regulating the discharge of hazardous materials into the
environment. We believe that our Company will not be required to expend any material amounts in
order to remain in compliance with these laws and regulations or that such compliance will
materially affect its capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the
SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the SECs website at
http://www.sec.gov
. You may also read and copy any document we file at the SECs Public
Reference Room at:
Public Reference Section
Securities and Exchange Commission
100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549
Attention: Secretary
Please call the SEC at (800) SEC-0330 for further information on the operating rules and procedures
for the public reference room.
Our SEC filings are available to the public at no cost over the Internet at
www.ArcadiaResourcesInc.com
. Amendments to these filings will be posted to our website as
soon as reasonably practicable after filing with the SEC.
Our business faces significant risks. You should carefully consider and evaluate the risks and
uncertainties listed below, as well as the other information set forth in this Form 10-K.
We recently became a public company and have a limited operating history as a public company upon
which you can base an investment decision.
The shares of our Common Stock have been quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board since August 2, 2002. We
acquired Arcadia Services and Arcadia Rx on May 10, 2004. We have a limited operating history as a
public company upon which you can make an investment decision, or upon which we can accurately
forecast future sales. You should, therefore, consider us subject to all of the business risks
associated with a new business. The likelihood of our success must be considered in light of the
expenses, difficulties and delays frequently encountered in connection with the formation and
initial operations of a new and unproven business.
To finance RKDAs acquisition of Arcadia Services and our subsequent acquisitions, the Company
incurred significant debt which must be repaid. Our debt level could adversely affect our financial
health and affect our ability to run our business, as well as your investment in our Company.
We incurred substantial debt to finance RKDAs acquisition of Arcadia Services and our post-merger
acquisitions, which has been significantly reduced through capital infusions. As of March 31, 2006,
the current portion of our interest-bearing debt totals approximately $4.4 million, while the
long-term portion of our debt totals approximately $15.5 million, for a total of approximately
$19.9 million. This level of debt could have consequences to you as a holder of shares. Below are
some of the material potential consequences resulting from this amount of debt:
o
We may be unable to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital
expenditures, acquisitions and general corporate purposes.
o
Our ability to adapt to changing market conditions may be hampered. We may be more
vulnerable in a volatile market and at a competitive disadvantage to our competitors that
have less debt.
o
Our operating flexibility is more limited due to financial and other restrictive
covenants, including restrictions on incurring additional debt, creating liens on our
properties, making acquisitions and paying dividends.
o
We are subject to the risks that interest rates and our interest expense will increase.
o
Our ability to plan for, or react to, changes in our business is more limited.
Under certain circumstances, we may be able to incur additional indebtedness in the future. If we
add new debt, the related risks that we now face could intensify. In order to repay our debt
obligations timely and as discussed below, we must maintain adequate cash flow from operations or
raise additional capital from equity investment. Cash which we must use to repay these obligations
will reduce cash available for purposes, such as payment of operating expenses, investment in new
products and services offered by the Company, self-financing of acquisitions to grow the Companys
business, or distribution to our shareholders as a return on investment.
Due to our debt level, we may not be able to increase the amount we can draw on our revolving
credit facility with Comerica Bank, or to obtain credit from other sources, to fund our future
needs for working capital or acquisitions.
On May 7, 2004, Arcadia Services and three of its wholly-owned subsidiaries entered into a credit
agreement with Comerica Bank. The credit agreement provides the borrowers with a revolving credit
facility of up to $12 million. The initial advance on May 7, 2004 was $11 million, which was
immediately distributed to RKDA to fund a portion of the purchase price of the capital stock of
Arcadia Services by RKDA. All other advances under the credit facility shall be used primarily for
working capital or acquisition purposes. On July 29, 2004, the revolving credit commitment amount
was increased to $14.4 million and increased again to $16 million on November 23, 2004. The credit
agreement provides that advances to the Company will not exceed the lesser of the revolving credit
commitment amount or the aggregate principal amount of indebtedness permitted under the advance
formula amount at any one time. The advance formula base is 85% of the eligible accounts
receivable, plus the lesser of 85% of eligible unbilled accounts or $2.5 million. On August 15,
2005, the credit agreement was amended to extend the maturity date to July 7, 2006. The credit
agreement was further amended on August 30, 2005 to include a fourth wholly-owned subsidiary of
Arcadia Services, to increase the credit commitment amount to $19 million and to extend the
maturity date to September 1, 2007. Amounts outstanding under this agreement totaled $13.9 million
at March 31, 2006.
RKDA granted Comerica Bank a first priority security interest in all of the issued and outstanding
capital stock of Arcadia Services. Arcadia Services granted Comerica Bank a first priority security
interest in all of its assets. The subsidiaries of Arcadia Services granted the bank security
interests in all of their assets. RKDA is restricted from paying dividends to Arcadia Resources,
Inc. RKDA executed a guaranty to Comerica Bank for all indebtedness of Arcadia Services and its
subsidiaries.
Advances under the credit facility bear interest at the prime-based rate (as defined) or the
Eurodollar based rate (as defined), at the election of borrowers. Currently the Company has elected
the prime-based rate, effectively 7.75% at March 31, 2006. Arcadia Services agreed to various
financial covenant ratios, to have any person who acquires Arcadia Services capital stock to
pledge such stock to Comerica Bank, and to customary negative covenants. As of March 31, 2006, the
Company was in compliance with all financial covenants.
On February 18, 2005, Trinity Healthcare of Winston-Salem, Inc. (Trinity Healthcare), a
wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a separate credit agreement with Comerica Bank which provides
Trinity Healthcare with a revolving credit facility of up to $2,000,000 payable upon demand of
Comerica Bank, bearing interest at prime + 1/2%, effectively 8.25% at March 31, 2006. The credit
agreement provides that advances to Trinity Healthcare will not exceed the lesser of the revolving
credit commitment amount or the aggregate principal amount of indebtedness permitted under the
advance formula amount at any one time. The advance formula base is 80% of the eligible accounts
receivable, subject to Comerica Banks adjustment to account for dilution of accounts receivable
caused by customer credits, returns, setoffs, etc., plus 30% of eligible inventory. If an event of
default occurs, Comerica Bank may, at its option, accelerate the maturity of the debt and exercise
its right to foreclose on the issued and outstanding capital stock of Trinity Healthcare and on all
of the assets of Trinity Healthcare and its subsidiaries. Any such default and resulting
foreclosure would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. There was $2.0 million
outstanding under this agreement at March 31, 2006. The Company was in compliance with all
covenants at March 31, 2006.
On May 31, 2005, the Company purchased the membership interests in Rite at Home, LLC, which had an
outstanding line of credit agreement with Fifth Third Bank. The Company obtained a new line of
credit of up to $750,000, which matures on June 1, 2007. The Company used $436,000 to repay the
assumed line of credit and $300,000 was used to fund the acquisition. The outstanding balance under
this agreement totaled $600,000 at March 31, 2006 and $5,000 at March 31, 2005, bearing interest at
prime +1/2%, effectively 8.25%.
On February 17, 2004, SSAC, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary, established a revolving line of credit
with US Bank with a credit limit of $250,000, bearing interest at prime +1% which was paid in full
and extinguished with proceeds from the Companys September 2005 warrant offering. The borrowings
under this agreement were $250,000 at March 31, 2005. The line
of credit was cancelled upon payment in full.
There is always the risk that Comerica Bank or other sources of credit may decline to increase the
amount we are permitted to draw on the revolving credit facility or to lend additional funds for
working capital or acquisition purposes. This development could result in various consequences to
the Company, ranging from implementation of cost reductions which could impact our product and
service offerings, to the modification or abandonment of our present business strategy.
The terms of our Credit Agreements with Comerica Bank subject us to the risk of foreclosure on
certain property.
RKDA granted Comerica Bank a first priority security interest in all of the issued and outstanding
capital stock of Arcadia Services. Arcadia Services and its subsidiaries granted the bank security
interests in all of their assets. The credit agreement provides that the debt will mature on
September 1, 2007. If an event of default occurs, Comerica Bank may, at its option, accelerate the
maturity of the debt and exercise its right to foreclose on the issued and outstanding capital
stock of Arcadia Services and on all of the assets of Arcadia Services and its subsidiaries. Any
such default and resulting foreclosure would have a material adverse effect on our financial
condition.
SSAC, LLC, the sole-shareholder of Trinity Healthcare, granted Comerica Bank a first priority
security interest in all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Trinity Healthcare. Trinity
Healthcare granted the bank a security interest in all of its assets. The master revolving demand
note provides that the debt will mature and is payable upon the demand of Comerica Bank. If an
event of default occurs, Comerica Bank may, at its option, accelerate the maturity of the debt and
exercise its right to foreclose on the issued and outstanding capital stock of and on all of the
assets of Trinity Healthcare. Any such default and resulting foreclosure would have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition.
In order to repay our short term debt obligations, as well as to pursue our strategy of growth
through acquisitions, we intend to obtain equity financing, which could result in dilution to our
stockholders.
During calendar year 2006, the Company presently intends to raise a minimum of up to $20 million,
preferably from the equity markets, to retire short term debt and to finance acquisitions and
expansion. In the short term, the Company anticipates raising a minimum of approximately $8 million
in debt or equity to satisfy short term debt obligations, with additional funds to be raised from
the equity or debt markets to fund selected acquisitions. Further, because of our potential capital
requirements needed to pursue our business plan of growth through acquisition, we may access the
public or private equity markets whenever conditions appear to us to be favorable, even if we do
not have an immediate need for additional capital at that time. The
Company also plans to expand into certain new start-up locations
related to retail DME and walk-in medical clinics, as well as to
continue to expand product and service offerings in its existing
sites. Cash flow from operations is expected to
fund these efforts, the scope of which may be determined by the
Companys ability to generate cash flow or to secure additional
new funding. To the extent we access the equity
markets, the price at which we sell shares may be lower than the current market prices for our
Common Stock. If we obtain financing through the sale of additional equity or convertible debt
securities, this could result in dilution to our stockholders by increasing the number of shares of
outstanding stock. We cannot predict the effect this dilution may have on the price of our Common
Stock.
To the extent we do not successfully raise funds from the equity markets to satisfy short term debt
obligations or to finance new acquisitions, we would need to seek debt financing or modify or
abandon our growth strategy or product and service offerings.
To the extent that we do not successfully raise funds from the equity markets to satisfy short term
debt obligations or to finance new acquisitions, we will need to seek debt financing. In this
event, we may need to modify or abandon our strategy to grow through acquisition or may need to
eliminate certain product or service offerings, because debt financing is generally at a higher
cost than financing through equity investment. Higher financing costs, modification or abandonment
of our growth strategy, or the elimination of product or service offerings could negatively impact
our profitability and financial position, which in turn could negatively impact the price of our
Common Stock and your investment in our Company. Given the Companys net proceeds from financing
activities during the year ended March 31, 2006, the changes in the Companys operational and
financial position that have occurred during this period, and assuming no material decline in our
revenues, management does not presently anticipate that the Company will be unsuccessful in its
efforts to raise funds from the equity markets, although there is no guarantee that the Company
will in fact successfully raise such funds from equity.
Due to the Voting Agreement, the Companys principal officers may significantly influence the Board
of Directors to retain their offices and senior management positions and for the Company to pursue
their business strategies, notwithstanding the Companys financial performance.
The Voting Agreement assures Messrs. Elliott and Kuhnert that during its term, a majority of our
Board of Directors will consist of individuals nominated and elected by them. This assures Messrs.
Elliott and Kuhnert that a majority of the Board will consist of directors who likely share their
strategic vision for the Company, and who are likely supportive of the business strategies they
propose, as well as their management of the Company. This gives them significant influence over the
selection and the removal of the Companys officers and senior management by the Board, including
the management positions they each hold. They could influence a majority of the Board to retain
their offices and senior management positions with the Company or to renegotiate their terms of
employment and compensation, notwithstanding the Companys financial performance. Absent the Voting
Agreement, they may not have the ability to exert such influence, because although they are
collectively the owners of 21,300,000 of the Companys
outstanding Common Stock and have 1,000,000 Class A Warrants to purchase 1,000,000 shares of the
Companys Common Stock at $0.50 per share within seven years, they collectively own less than a
majority of the outstanding stock. They may also exert significant influence over a majority of the
Board relative to the submission of issues to the Companys shareholders at annual and special
meetings other than for the election of directors, such as the amendment of the Companys Articles
of Incorporation, the approval of a merger or consolidation of the Company with another company,
and the approval of the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company.
Because the Company is dependent on key management and advisors, the loss of the services or advice
of any of these persons could have a material adverse effect on our business and prospects.
The success of the Company is dependent on its ability to attract and retain qualified and
experienced management and personnel. The Company anticipates the continued receipt of the services
of John E. Elliott, II, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; Larry Kuhnert, President and Chief
Operating Officer; Rebecca R. Irish, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary/Treasurer; James E.
Haifley, Executive Vice President; and Cathy Sparling, Vice President of Administration. The loss
of the services or advice of any of these persons could have a material adverse effect on the
business and prospects of the Company. We do not presently maintain key person life insurance for
any of our personnel. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to attract and retain
key personnel in the future, and the Companys inability to do so could have a material adverse
effect on us.
A decline in the rate of growth of the staffing and home care industries, or negative growth, could
adversely affect us by reducing sales, thereby resulting in less cash being available for the
payment of operating expenses, debt obligations and to pursue our strategic plans.
We believe the staffing industry, including both medical and non-medical staffing, is a large and
growing market. The growth in medical staffing is being driven by the shrinkage in the number of
healthcare professionals at the same time as the demand for their services is increasing.
Healthcare providers are increasingly using temporary staffing to manage fluctuations in demand for
their services. Growth in non-medical staffing is driven by companies seeking to control personnel
costs by increasingly using temporary employees to meet fluctuating personnel needs.
Our business strategy is premised on the continued and consistent growth of the staffing and home
care industries. A decline in the rate of growth of the staffing and home care industries, or
negative growth, could adversely affect us by reducing sales, resulting in lower cash collections.
Even if we were to pursue cost reductions in this event, there is a risk that less cash would be
available to us to pay operating expenses, in which case we may have to contract our existing
businesses by abandoning selected product or service offerings or geographic markets served, as
well as to modify or abandon our present business strategy. We could have less cash available to
pay our short and long-term debt obligations as they become due, in which event we could default on
our obligations. Even if none of these events occurred following a negative change in the growth of
the staffing and home care industries, the market for our shares of Common Stock could react
negatively to a decline in growth or negative growth of these industries, potentially resulting in
the diminished value of our Companys Common Stock and your investment in the Company.
Sales of certain of our services and products are largely dependent upon payments from governmental
programs and private insurance, and cost containment initiatives may reduce our revenues, thereby
harming our performance.
We have a number of contractual arrangements with governmental programs and private insurers,
although no individual arrangement accounted for more than 10% of our net revenues for the fiscal
years ended March 31, 2006, 2005 or 2004. Nevertheless, sales of certain of our services and
products are largely dependent upon payments from governmental programs and private insurance, and
cost containment initiatives may reduce our revenues, thereby harming our performance. Certain of
our competitors may have or may obtain significantly greater financial and marketing resources than
us. In addition, relatively few barriers to entry exist in local healthcare markets. As a result,
we would encounter increased competition in the future that may increase pricing pressure and limit
our ability to maintain or increase our market share for our durable medical equipment, mail order
pharmacy and related businesses.
In the U.S., healthcare providers and consumers who purchase durable medical equipment,
prescription drug products and related products generally rely on third party payers to reimburse
all or part of the cost of the healthcare product. Such third party payers include Medicare,
Medicaid and other health insurance and managed care plans. Reimbursement by third party payers may
depend on a number of factors, including the payers determination that the use of our products is
clinically useful and cost-effective, medically necessary and not experimental or investigational.
Also, third party payers are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and
services. Since reimbursement approval is required from each payer individually, seeking such
approvals can be a time consuming and costly process. In the future, this could require us to
provide supporting scientific, clinical and cost-effectiveness data for the use of our products to
each payer separately. Significant uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly
approved
healthcare products. Third party payers are increasingly attempting to contain the costs of
healthcare products and services by limiting both coverage and the level of reimbursement for new
and existing products and services. There can be no assurance that third party reimbursement
coverage will be available or adequate for any products or services that we develop.
We could be subject to severe fines and possible exclusion from participation in federal and state
healthcare programs if we fail to comply with the laws and regulations applicable to our business
or if those laws and regulations change.
Certain of the healthcare-related products and services offered by the Company are subject to
stringent laws and regulations at both the federal and state levels, requiring compliance with
burdensome and complex billing, substantiation and record-keeping requirements. Financial
relationships between our Company and physicians and other referral sources are subject to
governmental regulation. Government officials and the public will continue to debate healthcare
reform and regulation. Changes in healthcare law, new interpretations of existing laws, or changes
in payment methodology may have a material impact on our business and results of operations.
The markets in which the Company operates are highly competitive and the Company may be unable to
compete successfully against competitors with greater resources.
The Company competes in markets that are constantly changing, intensely competitive (given low
barriers to entry), highly fragmented and subject to dynamic economic conditions. Increased
competition is likely to result in price reductions, reduced gross margins, loss of customers, and
loss of market share, any of which could harm our net revenue and results of operations.
Many of the Companys competitors and potential competitors relative to the Companys products and
services in the areas of durable medical equipment, and oxygen and respiratory services, have more
capital, substantial marketing, and technical resources and expertise in specialized financial
services than does the Company. These competitors include: on-line marketers, national wholesalers,
and national and regional distributors. Further, the Company may face a significant competitive
challenge from alliances entered into between and among its competitors, major HMOs or chain
drugstores, as well as from larger competitors created through industry consolidation. These
potential competitors may be able to respond more quickly than the Company to emerging market
changes or changes in customer needs.
We may not be able to successfully integrate acquired businesses, which could result in our failure
to increase revenues or to avoid duplication of costs among acquired businesses, thereby adversely
affecting our financial results and profitability.
The successful integration of an acquired business is dependent on various factors including the
size of the acquired business, the assets and liabilities of the acquired business, the complexity
of system conversions, the scheduling of multiple acquisitions in a given geographic area and
managements execution of the integration plan. Our business plan is premised on increasing our
revenues by leveraging the strengths of our staffing and home care network to cross sell our other
products and services. Our business plan is also premised on avoiding duplication of cost among our
existing and acquired businesses where possible. If we fail to successfully integrate in these key
areas, our Companys financial results and profitability will be adversely affected, due to the
failure to capitalize on the economies of scale presented by spreading our cost structure over a
wider revenue base.
The failure to implement the Companys business strategy may result in our inability to be
profitable and adversely impact your investment in our Company.
We anticipate that the Company will pursue an aggressive growth strategy, which will depend, in
large part, upon our ability to develop and expand the Companys businesses. We anticipate pursuing
growth by various means, including the acquisition of existing businesses. Acquisitions involve a
number of risks, including the diversion of managements attention, issues related to the
assimilation of the operations and personnel of the acquired businesses, and potential adverse
effects on operating results, unforeseen liabilities and increased administrative expenses. We
believe that the failure to implement an aggressive growth strategy, as well as a failure to
successfully integrate acquired businesses, may result in our inability to be profitable, because
our business plan is premised on, among other things, capitalizing on the economies of scale
presented by spreading our cost structure over a wider revenue base. Our inability to achieve
profitability could adversely impact your investment in our Company.
We cannot predict the impact that the registration of the shares may have on the price of the
Companys shares of Common Stock and the value of your investment in our Company.
We cannot predict the effect, if any, that sales of, or the availability for sale of, our Common
Stock pursuant to our pending Registration Statement and prospectus or otherwise will have on the
market price of our securities prevailing from time to time. The possibility that substantial
amounts of our Common Stock might enter the public market could adversely affect the prevailing
market price of our Common Stock and could impair our ability fund acquisitions or to raise capital
in the future through the sales of securities. Sales of substantial amounts of our securities,
including shares issued upon the exercise of options or warrants, or the perception that such sales
could occur, could adversely effect prevailing market prices for our securities.
Ownership of our stock is concentrated in a small group of stockholders who may exercise
substantial control over our actions to the detriment of our other stockholders.
There are five shareholders of the Company after elimination of duplication due to attribution
resulting from application of the beneficial ownership provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, including John E. Elliott II and Lawrence R. Kuhnert, who are beneficial owners
of 5% or more of the Companys shares of Common Stock
outstanding as of June 26, 2006. These
shareholders collectively own 53.23% of our shares of Common Stock
outstanding as of June 26, 2006.
This concentrated ownership of our Common Stock gives a few stockholders the ability to
control our Company and the direction of our business as to matters requiring shareholder approval,
such as mergers, certain acquisitions, asset sales and other significant corporation transactions.
This concentrated ownership, as well as the Voting Agreement to which some of these shareholders
are a party, will prevent other shareholders from influencing the election of directors and other
significant corporate decisions, to the extent that these five shareholders vote their shares of
Common Stock together.
The price of our Common Stock has been, and will likely continue to be, volatile, which could
diminish your ability to recoup your investment, or to earn a return on your investment, in our
Company.
The market price of our Common Stock, like that of the securities of many other companies with
limited operating history and public float, has fluctuated over a wide range and it is likely that
the price of our Common Stock will fluctuate in the future. From August 2, 2002 through the period
ended September 30, 2005, the closing price of our Common Stock, as quoted by the OTC Bulletin
Board, has fluctuated from a low of $0.10 during the six months ended March 31, 2003 to a high of
$4.20 during the nine months transitional period ended September 30, 2002. During the year ended
March 31, 2005, which period includes the May 10, 2004 effective date of the RKDA Merger, the
closing price of our Common Stock, as quoted by the OTC Bulletin Board, has fluctuated from a low
of $0.39 to a high of $2.00. During the year ended March 31, 2006, the closing price of our Common
Stock, as quoted by the OTC Bulletin Board, has fluctuated from a low of $1.74 to a high of $3.53.
On June 26, 2006, the average of the last reported bid and
ask prices of our Common Stock was $2.89 per share. See Dividend Policy and Market Information at page 21.
Due to the volatility of the price our Common Stock, you may be unable to resell your shares of our
Common Stock at or above the price you paid for them, thereby exposing you to the risk that you may
not recoup your investment in our Company or earn a return on your investment. In the past,
securities class action litigation has been brought against companies following periods of
volatility in the market price of their securities. If we are the target of similar litigation in
the future, our Company would be exposed to incurring significant litigation costs. This would also
divert managements attention and resources, all of which could substantially harm our business and
results of operations.
Because our Common Stock is quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, there may be difficulty in trading
and obtaining quotations for our Common Stock, and you should consider our Common Stock to be
illiquid.
The Companys Common Stock is currently quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol ACDI. The
bid and asked prices for our Common Stock have fluctuated significantly. As a result, an investor
may find it difficult to dispose of, or to obtain accurate quotations of the price of, the
companys securities. This severely limits the liquidity of the Common Stock and would likely have
a material adverse effect on the market price of the Common Stock and on our ability to raise
additional capital. You should consider our Common Stock to be illiquid.
On June 22, 2006, the American Stock Exchange (Amex®) approved the Companys application for
listing its common shares on the Amex. Arcadia Resources anticipates to commence trading on the
Amex on Monday, July 3, 2006. The Company will notify
shareholders of its new trading symbol as soon as it becomes available. This approval is contingent
upon the Company being in compliance with all applicable listing standards on the date it begins
trading on the Exchange, and may be rescinded if the Company is not in compliance with such
standards.
Because there is no established market for our classes of Warrants (Classes A, B-1 and B-2) and we
do not expect our Warrants to be quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, there may be difficulty in
trading and obtaining quotations for our Warrants and you should consider our Warrants to be
illiquid.
There is no established market for our Warrants (Classes A, B-1 and B-2). The Company Warrants are
not quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, nor are they listed on any exchange. We do not expect our
Warrants to be quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, or listed on any exchange. As a result, an
investor may find it difficult to trade, dispose of, or to obtain accurate quotations of the price
of, our Warrants. You should consider our Warrants to be illiquid.
Your resale of any securities you acquire may be limited and affected by state blue-sky laws, which
could adversely affect the price of our securities and your investment in our Company.
Under the securities laws of some states, shares of common stock and warrants can be sold in such
states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states,
warrants and shares of common stock may not be sold unless these shares have been registered or
qualified for sale in the state or an exemption from registration or qualification is available and
is complied with. The requirement of a seller to comply with the requirements of state blue sky
laws may lead to delay or inability of a holder of our securities to dispose of such securities,
thereby causing an adverse effect on the resale price of our securities and your investment in our
Company.
The issuance of our preferred stock could materially impact the price of Common Stock and the
rights of holders of our Common Stock.
The Company is authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares of serial preferred stock, par value $0.001.
Shares of preferred stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series as may be
determined by the Companys Board of Directors. Except as otherwise provided in the Companys
Articles of Incorporation, the Board of Directors has authority to fix by resolution adopted before
the issuance of any shares of each particular series of preferred stock, the designation, powers,
preferences, and relative participating, optional and other rights, and the qualifications,
limitations, and restrictions.
The issuance of our preferred stock could materially impact the price of Common Stock and the
rights of holders of our Common Stock, including voting rights. The issuance of preferred stock
could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of Common
Stock, and may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our
Company, despite such change of control being in the best interest of the holders of our shares of
Common Stock. The existence of authorized but unissued preferred stock may enable the Board of
Directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of
a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise.
The exercise of common stock warrants may depress our stock price and may result in dilution to our
Common Stockholders.
A total of approximately 25.3 million warrants to purchase approximately 25.3 million shares of our
Common Stock are issued and outstanding as of June 26, 2006. The 104.5 million shares of Common
Stock offered by the security holders under the Companys pending prospectus, as filed on Form S-1,
include the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants by the selling security
holders. The market price of our Common Stock is above the exercise price of the outstanding
warrants, therefore, holders of those securities are likely to exercise their warrants and sell the
Common Stock acquired upon exercise of such warrants in the open market. Sales of a substantial
number of shares of our Common Stock in the public market by holders of warrants may depress the
prevailing market price for our Common Stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through
the future sale of our equity securities. Additionally, if the holders of outstanding warrants
exercise those warrants, our common stockholders will incur dilution. The majority of the warrants
are subject to the Voting Agreement described herein. The exercise price of all common stock
warrants, including Classes A, B-1 and B-2 Warrants, is subject to adjustment upon stock dividends,
splits and combinations, as well as certain anti-dilution adjustments as set forth in the
respective common stock warrants.
We have granted stock options to certain management employees and directors as compensation which
may depress our stock price and result in dilution to our common stockholders.
As of June
26, 2006, options to purchase approximately 9.5 million shares of our Common Stock
were issued and outstanding. The 104.5 million shares of Common Stock offered by the security
holders under the Companys pending prospectus, as filed on Form S-1, include the shares of Common
Stock issuable upon the exercise of options by the selling security holders. The market price of
our Common Stock is above the exercise price of outstanding options, therefore, holders of those
securities are likely to exercise their options and sell the Common Stock acquired upon exercise
of such options in the open market. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our Common Stock in
the public market by holders of options may depress the prevailing market price for our Common
Stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the future sale of our equity
securities. Additionally, if the holders of outstanding
options exercise those options, our common stockholders will incur dilution. The exercise price of
all common stock options is subject to adjustment upon stock dividends, splits and combinations, as
well as anti-dilution adjustments as set forth in the option agreement.
We are dependent on our affiliated agencies and our internal sales force to sell our services and
products, the loss of which could adversely affect our business.
We largely rely upon our affiliated agencies to sell our staffing and home care services and on our
internal sales force to sell our durable medical equipment and pharmacy products. Arcadia Services
affiliated agencies are owner-operated businesses. The office locations maintained by our
affiliated agencies are listed on our Companys website. The primary responsibilities of Arcadia
Services affiliated agencies include the recruitment and training of field staff employed by
Arcadia Services and generating and maintaining sales to Arcadia Services customers. The
arrangements with affiliated agencies are formalized through a standard contractual agreement,
which state performance requirements of the affiliated agencies. Our affiliated agencies and
internal salesforce operate in particular defined geographic regions. Our employees provide the
services to our customers and the affiliated agents and internal sales force are restricted by
non-competition agreements. In the event of loss of our affiliated agents or internal sales force
personnel, we would recruit new sales and marketing personnel and/or affiliated agents which could
cause our operating costs to increase and our sales to fall in the interim.
Although we recently added two independent directors on our Board of Directors, our ability to
recruit and retain a majority of independent directors may affect our ability to be listed on a
national securities exchange or quotation system.
We are not subject to the listing requirements of any national securities exchange or quotation
system. The listing standards of the national securities exchanges and automated quotation systems
require that the Board of Directors consist of a majority of directors who are independent as
defined by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and as defined by listing standards, and that the audit
committee of the Board of Directors must consist of at least three members, all of whom are
independent. Similarly, the compensation and nominating committees of the Board of Directors must
consist of independent directors. On June 16, 2006, the Companys Board of Directors appointed
Peter Anthony Brusca, M.D., and Anna Maria Nekoranec to the Board of Directors effective July 1,
2006, to fill vacant director positions. The Board appointed Dr. Brusca and Ms. Nekoranec as
members of the Boards Audit Committee, commencing July 1, 2006. The Board determined that Dr.
Brusca and Ms. Nekoranec each are independent within the meaning of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,
its implementing regulations, and the Charter of the Boards Audit Committee. Director and Audit
Committee Chairman John T. Thornton, whom the Board previously determined qualifies as independent,
will continue as Chairman of the Audit Committee. So that the Companys Audit Committee will
consist solely of three independent directors, Director and Audit Committee member Lawrence R.
Kuhnert, who is also the Companys President and Chief Operating Officer, will conclude his term of
service as a member of the Audit Committee as of June 30, 2006.
On June 22, 2006, the American Stock Exchange (Amex®) approved the Companys application for
listing its common shares on the Amex. Arcadia Resources anticipates to commence trading on the
Amex on Monday, July 3, 2006. The Company will notify shareholders of its new trading symbol as
soon as it becomes available. This approval is contingent upon the Company being in compliance with
all applicable listing standards on the date it begins trading on the Exchange, and may be
rescinded if the Company is not in compliance with such standards. Listing standards of the Amex
include the same requirements as to independent directors and audit committee members described
above. Under Section 801 of the Amex Rules, a company in which more than 50% of the voting
power is held by an individual, a group or another company is a controlled company
which is not required to comply with Sections 802(a), 804 and 805 of the Rules.
Section 802(a) provides that at least a majority of the directors on the board of directors
of each listed company must be independent directors as defined in Section 121A of the Rules.
Section 804 provides generally that board of director nominations must be either selected,
or recommended for the boards selection, by either a nominating committee comprised solely
of independent directors or by a majority of the independent directors. Section 805 provides
generally that the compensation of the chief executive officer and all other officers of a listed
company must be determined, or recommended to the board for determination, either by a
compensation committee comprised of independent directors or by a majority of the independent
directors on its board of directors, and that the chief executive officer may not be present
during voting or deliberations. The Company qualifies as a controlled company on
the basis of the Voting Agreement which ensures that the Companys Chairman/Chief Executive
Officer and President/Chief Operating Officer control votes sufficient to elect a majority of
the Companys Board of Directors during the duration of the Voting Agreement, which the
Company expects to continue for the foreseeable future. The Company presently intends to rely
on the controlled company exceptions which Section 802(a) provides from the requirements of
Sections 804 and 805, for the remainder of the fiscal year ending March 31, 2007.
Our Board of Directors, which with two recent appointments will consist of a majority of
independent directors, may continue to act as the compensation committee, which presents the risk
that compensation and benefits paid to two of our executive officers who are Board members and
significant shareholders may not be commensurate with the Companys financial performance.
A compensation committee consisting of independent directors is a safeguard against self-dealing by
company executives. Our Board of Directors acts as a compensation committee and determines the
compensation and benefits of our executive officers, administers our employee stock and benefit
plans, and reviews policies relating to the compensation and benefits of our employees. Our five
member Board of Directors presently includes two executive officers of our Company. These officers
(i.e., Messrs. Elliott and Kuhnert) presently own approximately 21% of our outstanding Common Stock
and control the election of a majority of the Board of Directors through the Voting Agreement.
Although all Board members have fiduciary obligations in connection with compensation matters, our
lack of an independent compensation committee presents the risk that our executive officers on the
Board may influence the entire Board to set their personal compensation and benefits at levels that
are not commensurate with the Companys financial performance.
Several anti-takeover measures under Nevada law could delay or prevent a change of our control,
despite such change of control being in the best interest of the holders of our shares of Common
Stock.
Several anti-takeover measures under Nevada law could delay or prevent a change of our control,
despite such change of control being in the best interest of the holders of our shares of Common
Stock. This could make it more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means
of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. This could negatively impact the value of
your investment in our Company, by discouraging a potential suitor who may otherwise be willing to
offer a premium for your shares of the Companys common stock.
The Nevada Business Corporation Law, N.R.S. §78.378
et seq.
, governs the acquisition of a
controlling interest. This law provides generally that any person or entity that acquires twenty
(20%) percent or more of the outstanding voting shares of a Nevada issuing corporation obtains
voting rights in the acquired shares as conferred by a resolution of the stockholders of the
corporation, approved at a special or annual meeting of the stockholders. The articles of
incorporation or bylaws of a corporation, however, may provide that the these provisions do not
apply to the corporation or to an acquisition of a controlling interest. On May 4, 2004, our Board
of Directors adopted an amendment to our Bylaws providing that the provisions of Nevada Revised
Statutes Sections 78.378
et seq.
do not apply to an acquisition of a controlling interest of shares
owned, directly or indirectly, whether of record or not, now or at any time in the future, by John
E. Elliott, II, Lawrence R. Kuhnert or any of the persons subject to the Voting Agreement. All
other persons or entities, however, remain subject to N.R.S. §78.378
et seq.
to the extent
applicable, unless our articles of incorporation or bylaws are amended to exempt such persons or
entities from these statutory anti-takeover provisions.
The Nevada Business Corporation Law, N.R.S. §78.411
et seq.,
governs combinations with interested
stockholders. These provisions may have an effect of delaying or making it more difficult to effect
a change in control of the Company. These provisions preclude an interested stockholder (i.e., the
beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 10% or more of the voting power of the outstanding
voting shares of a corporation, or an affiliate or association thereof) and a resident, domestic
Nevada corporation from entering into a combination (e.g., a merger, sale, lease, exchange, etc.)
unless certain conditions are met. The provisions generally preclude a resident, domestic
corporation from engaging in any combination with an interested stockholder for three years after
the date that the person first became an interested stockholder unless the combination or the
transaction by which the person first became an interested stockholder is approved by the board of
directors before the person first became an interested stockholder. If approval is not obtained,
then after the expiration of the three-year period the business combination may be consummated with
the approval of the board of directors or a majority of the voting power held by the disinterested
stockholders, or if the consideration to be paid by the interested stockholder exceeds certain
thresholds set forth in the statute. We are subject to N.R.S. §78.411
et seq.
of the Nevada
Business Corporation Law.
Item 2. Description of Property.
We do not own any real estate or improvements. Our corporate offices are in Southfield,
Michigan and Naples, Florida. The Company and its subsidiaries presently occupy leased space
including the locations listed in the following table: